2022-05-182022-05-182012-02-10Eyigör, Ö. vd. (2012). "Intravenous CDP-choline activates neurons in supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei and induces hormone secretion". Brain Research Bulletin, 87(2-3), 286-294.0361-9230https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.11.013https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S036192301100339Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/11452/26535The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of intravenous (i.v.) cytidine-5'-diphosphate (CDP)-choline administration on the activation of oxytocin and vasopressin neurons in the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular nuclei (PVN), using the immunohistochemical identification of c-Fos expression as a marker of neuronal activation and to correlate this with the plasma hormone levels. Rats were catheterized under sevofluorane anesthesia and experiments were conducted 24 h later. Blood samples were withdrawn from arterial catheter at 2, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 min after CDP-choline (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg; i.v.) or saline (1.0 ml/kg; i.v.) for the measurement of plasma oxytocin and vasopressin levels by radioimmunoassay. Animals were sacrificed 90 min after CDP-choline administration for dual immunohistochemistry which was performed on paraformaldehyde-fixed vibratome sections. Dual immunohistochemistry for c-Fos and oxytocin or vasopressin revealed that CDP-choline activates these neurons in a dose-dependent manner. Light microscopic analyses showed that, about 41%, 75% or 87% of the oxytocin neurons and about 18%, 46% or 82% of the vasopressin neurons in SON express c-Fos, thus activated, by the dosages of 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 g/kg CDP-choline, respectively. Increases in c-Fos expression were about 29%, 62% or 81% for the oxytocin neurons and about 38%, 70% or 78% for the vasopressin neurons in PVN with the dosages of 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 g/kg CDP-choline, respectively. When compared to the control groups (8% and 7% oxytocin or 2% and 5% vasopressin neuronal activation in SON or PVN, respectively), these increases were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). In the PVN most of the magnocellular neurons were activated while less number of parvocellular neurons expressed c-Fos in response to CDP-choline challenge. In correlation with c-Fos data, CDP-choline increased plasma oxytocin and vasopressin levels both dose- and time-dependently. Results of the present study suggested that peripheral administration of CDP-choline is able to increase plasma oxytocin and vasopressin levels while activating the respective neurons.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessNeurosciences & neurologyC-fosCiticolineHypothalamusOxytocinVasopressinRat hypothalamusC-fosmagnocellular neuronsCardiovascular regulationAcetylcholine-receptorsOsmotic stimulationOxytocin neuronsBlood-pressureAcute nicotineSurvival-timeAnimalsCytidine diphosphate cholineDose-response relationship, drugGene expression regulationInjections, intravenousMaleNeuronsNootropic agentsOxytocinParaventricular hypothalamic nucleusProto-oncogene proteins c-fosRatsRats, wistarSupraoptic nucleusTime factorsVasopressinsArticle0003015483000202-s2.0-84856606108286294872-322138197NeurosciencesCiticoline; Neuroprotective Agents; GlycerylphosphorylcholineCiticolineHormoneOxytocin receptorParaformaldehydeProtein c fosSevofluraneSodium chlorideVasopressinVasopressin receptorAnimal cellAnimal experimentAnimal tissueArtery catheterArticleBlood samplingCell activationCell countCellular distributionCentral venous catheterizationControlled studyCorrelation analysisDose responseDrug effectGiant cellHormone blood levelHormone releaseImmunohistochemistryMaleNonhumanOxytocin blood levelParaventricular thalamic nucleusPriority journalProtein analysisProtein expressionRadioimmunoassayRatSupraoptic nucleusVasopressin blood level