Büyükköroğlu, GülayŞenel, BahiyeUlukaya, Engin2024-01-312024-01-312021-08-09Erkısa, M. vd. (2021). "Preparation and characterization of palladium derivate-loaded micelle formulation in Vitro as an Innovative therapy option against non-small cell lung cancer cells". Chemistry & Biodiversity, 18(9).1612-1872https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cbdv.202100402https://hdl.handle.net/11452/39412Nanoparticles have been used in cancer treatments to target tumor and reduce side effects. In this study, we aimed to increase the effectiveness of palladium(II) complex [PdCl(terpy)](sac) ⋅ 2H2O, which previously showed anticancer potential, by preparing the nanoparticle formulation. An inhalable micellar dispersion containing a palladium(II) complex (PdNP) was prepared and its physicochemical characteristics were evaluated using in vitro tests. Morphology, size and surface charges of particle and loading/encapsulation efficiency of PdNP were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, zeta sizer and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry while aerosol properties of PdNP were measured by the next generation impactor. A549 and H1299 non-small lung cancer cell types were used for cytotoxicity using SRB and ATP assays. Fluorescent staining and M30 antigen assay were carried out for cell death evaluation. Apoptosis was confirmed by flow cytometry analyses. SEM, particle size, and zeta potential results showed the particles have inhalable properties. The amount of the palladium(II) complex loaded into the particles was quantified which indicated high encapsulation efficiencies (97 %). The micellar dispersion expected to reach the alveolar region and the brachial region was determined 35 % and 47 %, respectively. PdNP showed an anti-growth effect by increasing reactive oxygen species that is followed by the induction of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis that is evidenced by pyknotic nuclei and M30 antigen level increments and disruption of polarization of membrane in mitochondria (Δψm). The results show that PdNP might be a promising inhalable novel complex to be used in non-small cell lung cancer, which warrants animal studies in further.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessPalladiumNanoparticlesApoptosisLung cancerDrug-delivery systemsPolymeric micellesBreast-cancerPhase-IINanoparticlesNanocarriersPaclitaxelComplexesMitochondriaResistanceBiochemistry & molecular biologyChemistryAntineoplastic agentsApoptosisCarcinoma, non-small-cell lungCell proliferationCell survivalCoordination complexesDrug screening assays, antitumorHumansLung neoplasmsMembrane potential, mitochondrialMicellesMolecular structurePalladiumParticle sizeTumor cells, culturedArticle0006881956000012-s2.0-8511333734218934370383https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202100402Biochemistry & molecular biologyChemistry, multidisciplinaryNanogel; Drug Delivery Systems; ProdrugsAntineoplastic metal complexFluorescent dyePalladium complexPalladium nanoparticleReactive oxygen metaboliteAntineoplastic agentCoordination compoundPalladiumA-549 cell lineAntineoplastic activityApoptosisArticleCancer inhibitionControlled studyDispersionDrug cytotoxicityDrug efficacyDrug formulationExperimental therapyFlow cytometryHumanHuman cellImmunoassayIn vitro studyInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometryMicellizationMitochondrial membrane potentialMorphologyNanoencapsulationNCI-h1299 cell lineNebulizationNon small cell lung cancerParticle sizePhysical chemistryPolarizationScanning electron microscopySurface chargeZeta potentialCell proliferationCell survivalChemical structureChemistryDrug effectDrug screeningLung tumorMetabolismMicelleNon small cell lung cancerPathologySynthesisTumor cell culture1612-1880