2021-10-222021-10-221999Umur, H. ve Karagöz, İ. (1999). "An investigation of external flows with various pressures and surfaces". International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 26(3), 411-419.0735-1933https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1933(99)00027-5https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735193399000275http://hdl.handle.net/11452/22447Flow and convective heat transfer characteristics are considered by solving the mass, momentum and energy equations for two dimensional laminar and turbulent boundary lavers at zero, favourable and adverse pressure gradients, including the influence of unheated starting length, surface curvature and free stream pressure gradients. The numerical predictions have been compared with approximate methods and experimental results. Results showed that Stanton numbers in laminar flat plates increased in all favourable pressure gradients and but increased only in moderate favourable pressure gradients of concave walls. On the other hand, Stanton numbers decreased both with adverse pressure gradients in laminar flow and with favorable pressures in tubulent flows.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessThermodynamicsMechanicsGradientsBoundary layerFlowHeat transferPressureApproximation theoryBoundary layer flowLaminar flowMathematical modelsPressure effectsTurbulent flowPressure gradientsStanton numbersHeat convectionArticle0000800648000122-s2.0-0033117911411419263ThermodynamicsMechanicsVortices; Boundary Layer Flow; Free Flow