The effect of dry corn gluten feed on chewing activities and rumen parameters in lactating dairy cows

dc.contributor.buuauthorBiricik, Hakan
dc.contributor.buuauthorGençoğlu, Hıdır
dc.contributor.buuauthorBozan, Birgül
dc.contributor.buuauthorGülmez, Bülent Haluk
dc.contributor.buuauthorTürkmen, İbrahim İsmet
dc.contributor.departmentUludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.tr_TR
dc.contributor.researcheridHJZ-4775-2023tr_TR
dc.contributor.researcheridAAH-4032-2021tr_TR
dc.contributor.scopusid6602982111tr_TR
dc.contributor.scopusid15753357900tr_TR
dc.contributor.scopusid15753454400tr_TR
dc.contributor.scopusid15753226300tr_TR
dc.contributor.scopusid6701855392tr_TR
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-27T05:40:32Z
dc.date.available2024-02-27T05:40:32Z
dc.date.issued2006-12-07
dc.description.abstractThe objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of dry corn gluten feed (DCGF) on dry matter intake (DMI), chewing activity, and rumen fermentation when used to replace a portion of corn silage in diets for lactating Holstein cows. Eight lactating Holstein primiparous cows averaging 98 +/- 20 d in milk and weighing 515 +/- 20 kg were randomly assigned in a 4x4 Latin square design with 4 week periods. Dietary treatments were 1) a control diets (C) of 50% forage (corn silage and wheat straw, 35%, 15% DM basis, respectively), 2) a low DCGF diet (L-DCGF) in which 10% of the same corn silage was replaced by DCGF, 3) a medium DCGF diet (M-DCGF) in which 18% of the same corn silage was replaced by DCGF, and 4) a high DCGF diet (H-DCGF) in which 25% of the same corn silage was replaced by DCGF. The proportion of particles retained on the 19.0 mm screen and physical effectiveness factor of the H-DCGF was lower (P<0.05) than in the other groups. Increasing the level of DCGF did not change DMI. Cows fed the C diet spent significantly more time ruminating and chewing per day compared with the M-DCGF and H-DCGF diets (483.88, 435.63, 431.25 min/d, P<0.05; and 818.38, 753.00, 745.75 min/d respectively, P<0.05). Cows fed the C diet had ruminal pH values higher than the cows fed the M-DCGF and H-DCGF diets (6.02, 5.95, and 5.91, P<0.05). The total volatile fatty acid and propionate levels of H-DCGF fed cows were higher than the control (P<0.05). The changes in acetate (A) and propionate (P) concentrations resulted in a decrease in A/P ratio, when corn silage was replaced by DCGF, which led to a reduction in the particle size of the diets (P<0.05). It was concluded that when ratio 18 and 25% DCGF were substituted for corn silage, rumination time, chewing activities and ruminal pH are negatively affected. The optimum level for the addition of DCGF was found to be below 18% of the diet for a healthy rumen and a chewing behaviour in dairy cows.en_US
dc.description.abstractL’obiettivo di questo lavoro èstatoquello divalutare gli effettidiquantità crescenti di glutine di maisdisidratato(DCGF) nella razione alimentare,in sostituzioneparziale dell’insilato di mais,sulla sostanza. A co-product of wet milling of corn,c o r ngluten feedisprimarily a mixture of corn branand fermentedcorn extractives(steep liquor).The bran isthen mixedwith steepliquor andsold aswet corn gluten feed(WCGF) or withwater removed,as dry corn gluten feed (DCGF).Both the dryandwet forms of corngluten feedh ave theiradvantagesandrequirespecialattention when receiving and storingit.W C G Fhas distinctstorage requirementsbut can behandled in a variety of way s.WCGF should beplaced in a sealedstructure to reduce spoilage.When storedin an open pile for a few daysinwarm weather,mouldgrowth develops andarapid spoilage occurs.Texture of the wet productrestrictsflow andmakeshandling difficult,t h u soffering a cost benefit to producers near a wetmilling plant.H o w e v e r,DCGF isavailable asflakesor pellets.Also DCGF iseasier to storeand handle,andfeed ismore available to agreater number of dairy producersthan W C G F.DCGF isoften flash driedto about90%dry mat-ter (DM).Although DCGF contains40 to 45%neutral detergent fibre (NDF),it only contains3% lignin andisa source of highly digestiblef i b r e.When incorporating nonforage sourcesoff i b r e,s u ch as DCGF,into rationsfor ruminants,one shouldtake into account the effective NDFc o n t e n t ,andthe interactionsbetweenforageand nonforage fibre for ruminal digestion (Allenand Grant,2 0 0 0 ) .There has not been satisfying research datain terms of using DCGF as nonforage source indairy cow diets.Firkins et al.(1991) suggestedthat the combination of 20% DCGF and 1% sodi-um bicarbonate was an effective replacement forNDF from corn silage.Replacing a portion ofalfalfa hay,corn silage,and corn grain withWCGF increased dry matter intake (DMI),andproduction efficiency (VanBaale et al.,2001).secca ingerita (DMI), sull’attività masticatoria esulla fermentazione ruminale in vacche Holstein in lat-tazione.Otto bovine Holstein primipare di peso mediodi 515±20 kg, in lattazione mediamente da98±20 d,sonostate distribuite a randomsecondo un disegno a Quadrato Latino4x4 con periodidi quat-tro settimane.Itrattamenti dietetici sono stati:1) dieta di controllo (C)costituita per il 50%da forag-gio (insilato dimais e paglia di frumento, 35% e 15% della sostanza secca,rispettivamente), 2)dietaa bassa concentrazione diDCGF (L-DCGF) doveil 10% dell’insilato di mais è statosostituito da DCGF,3) dieta a media concentrazione di DCGF (M-DCGF) dove il 18% dell’insilato di mais èstato sostituitoda DCGF,e4) dieta adaltaconcentrazione di DCFG (H-DCGF)doveil25% dell’insilato dimaisè statosostituito da DCGF.La percentuale di frazioni alimentari trattenute dalla setacciatura (19 mm) e il fattore di efficienza fisicadella dieta H-DCGF sono risultati inferiori (P<0.05) rispetto agli altri gruppi. Incrementando la sommini-strazione di DCGF non si sono verificati cambiamenti nell’assunzione di sostanza secca ingerita. Gli ani-mali alimentati con la dieta C hanno aumentato in misura significativa il tempo di ruminazione e l’ atti-vità masticatoria rispetto agli animali alimentati con le diete M-DCGF e H-DCGF (483,88, 435,63, 431,25min/d, P<0,05; e 818,38, 753,00, 745,75 min/d rispettivamente, P<0,05). Nelle vacche alimentate conla dieta C è stato registrato un pH ruminale più elevato rispetto a quello delle bovine alimentate con lediete M-DCGF e H-DCGF (6,02, 5,95, e 5,91, P<0,05). I livelli di acidi grassi volatili e dell’ac. propionicosono risultati più alti nel trattamento dietetico H-DCGF rispetto alla dieta di controllo (P<0.05). Alla ridu-zione di granulometria delle diete (P<0.05) provocata dalla parziale sostituzione dell’insilato di mais conDCGF ha fatto seguito la variazione delle concentrazioni di acido acetico e di acido propionico, con ridu-zione del rapporto A/P.In conclusione la parziale sostituzione, 18% e 25%, di DCGF all’insilato di mais provoca effetti negativisul tempo di ruminazione, sulla masticazione e sul pH ruminale. Il livello ottimale di somministrazione diDCGF atto a garantire la funzionalità ruminale e un adeguato comportamento di masticazione nelle bovi-ne da latte è risultato essere al di sotto del 18% della dieta.it_IT
dc.identifier.citationBiricik, H. vd. (2006). "The effect of dry corn gluten feed on chewing activities and rumen parameters in lactating dairy cows". Italian Journal of Animal Science, 6(1), 61-70.en_US
dc.identifier.endpage70tr_TR
dc.identifier.issn1594-4077
dc.identifier.issue1tr_TR
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-33947201594tr_TR
dc.identifier.startpage61tr_TR
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/39977en_US
dc.identifier.volume6tr_TR
dc.identifier.wos000246272600005tr_TR
dc.indexed.wosSCIEtr_TR
dc.language.isoentr_TR
dc.publisherTaylor & Francisen_US
dc.relation.journalItalian Journal of Animal Scienceen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergitr_TR
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectDry corn gluten feeden_US
dc.subjectRumen pHen_US
dc.subjectParticle sizeen_US
dc.subjectChewing activityen_US
dc.subjectGlutine di mais disidratatoen_US
dc.subjectMasticazioneen_US
dc.subjectGranulometriaen_US
dc.subjectpH ruminaleen_US
dc.subjectForage particle-sizeen_US
dc.subjectFermentationen_US
dc.subjectMilk-productionen_US
dc.subjectRuminal phen_US
dc.subjectGrain fermentabilityen_US
dc.subjectDietsen_US
dc.subjectMidlactation cowsen_US
dc.subjectChop lengthen_US
dc.subjectSilageen_US
dc.subjectFiberen_US
dc.subjectAgricultureen_US
dc.subjectVeterinary sciencesen_US
dc.subject.scopusRuminal Acidosis; Total Mixed Rations; Cattleen_US
dc.subject.wosAgriculture, dairy & animal scienceen_US
dc.subject.wosVeterinary sciencesen_US
dc.subject.wosAgriculture, multidisciplinaryen_US
dc.titleThe effect of dry corn gluten feed on chewing activities and rumen parameters in lactating dairy cowsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.wos.quartileQ4en_US

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