Sığır sürülerinde solunum sistemi viruslarının enfeksiyon dinamiğinin serolojik takibi ve klinik olgulardan virus tespiti
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Date
2013
Authors
Tuncer, Pelin
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu tez çalışması ile Bursa'daki sığırlarda solunum yolu enfeksiyonuna neden olan önemli viral patojenlerden bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine parainfluenza virus tip 3 (PI-3), bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), bovine adenovirus tip 3 (BAV-3) ve bovine coronavirus (BCoV) enfeksiyonlarının dinamiklerinin ortaya çıkarılması; böylece araştırılan her bir etkene karşı mevcut maternal antikorların gerileme dönemleri ve işletmelerde uygulanması gereken optimum aşılama zamanlarının ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla serolojik çalışmalar için hayvan sayısına göre gruplanan işletmelerde aynı ay içinde doğan buzağılardan (n=112) yaşamlarının 1., 2., 3., 4., 6., 8., 10. ve 12. aylarında annelerinden ise 1. ay örneklemesi sırasında kan örneği alındı. Virolojik çalışmalar için ise mezbahadan lezyonlu akciğer doku örnekleri ve hem çalışma kapsamındaki işletmelerde hem de civar işletmelerdeki bulunan solunum yolu enfeksiyonu klinik belirtileri gösteren buzağılardan göz ve burun svabları toplandı. Antikor titrelerini belirleyebilmek için 8 defa örneklenen 112 hayvanın serum örneklerine serum nötralizasyon testi (SN50) uygulandı. Antijen tespiti amacıyla ticari ELISA kiti ile BRSV, PI-3, BVDV ve BHV-1 antijen taraması, virus izolasyonu ve nonsitopatojen BVDV suşlarının tespiti için immunoperoksidaz yöntemlerinden yararlanıldı. Çalışma sonunda BRSV, PI-3, BVDV, BAV-3 ve BCoV'ün buzağıları erken yaşta enfekte ettiği ve sürüdeki seronegatif buzağıların yıl boyunca enfeksiyonun sirkülasyonunda rol oynadığı belirlendi. BRSV, PI-3, BVDV, BAV-3'e karşı 3. ayda, BCoV'a karşı ise 4. ayda maternal antikorların kaybolmaya başladığı görülürken, BHV-1'e karşı maternal antikor varlığı tespit edilemedi. Sonuç olarak, maternal antikorların 2. aydan itibaren gerilemeye başladığı, buzağıların yeni enfeksiyonla 4.-8. aylarda karşılaştığı ve enfeksiyonların doğal olarak popülasyonda sirküle olduğu tespit edildi. Elde edilen bu verilere dayanılarak buzağılarda ilk aşılamanın 2.-4. aylar arasında yapılması ve pasif immunitenin aşı üzerinde yapabileceği olumsuz etkiyi en aza indirmek ve daha güçlü bir bağışıklık sağlayabilmek için 1 ay sonra tekrar dozunun uygulanmasının yararlı olacağı değerlendirildi.
The aim of this PhD thesis is to reveal infection dynamics of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI-3), bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), bovine adenovirus type 3 (BAV-3) and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) which are important viral pathogens of respiratory disease complex of ruminants. By this way regression period of maternally antibodies and optimum vaccination time can be recommended. Farms are grouped according to their animal population. For serological studies, blood samples are collected from calves (n=112) which are born in the same month and blood samples were gathered from these animals during their 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th months old. Also blood samples were taken from calves' mother during first sampling. For virological studies nose and eye swab samples were taken from clinically ill calves which are found from studied and unstudied farms. For detecting antibody titers serum neutralization test (SN50) was applied to blood sera. Besides detecting antigen commercial ELISA kit (BRSV, PI-3, BVDV and BHV-1 antigen detection kit), virus isolation and for non cytopathic BVDV strain immunoperoxidase test was used. At the end infection with BRSV, PI-3, BVDV, BAV-3 and BCoV at early ages of calves and role of seronegative calves in circulation of infections was determined. For BRSV, PI-3, BVDV, BAV-3 in the 3rd month and for BCoV in the 4th month maternally antibodies are started to decrease. During this period no maternal antibody was detected for BHV-1. In conclusion it was observed that maternally antibodies started to decrease from the 2nd month, first exposure of viruses to calves were encountered between 4th and 8th months and circulation of naturally infections were detected. On this basis, first vaccination should be done between 2nd and 4th month and it was judged that implementation of after 1 month booster shot can be useful.
The aim of this PhD thesis is to reveal infection dynamics of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI-3), bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), bovine adenovirus type 3 (BAV-3) and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) which are important viral pathogens of respiratory disease complex of ruminants. By this way regression period of maternally antibodies and optimum vaccination time can be recommended. Farms are grouped according to their animal population. For serological studies, blood samples are collected from calves (n=112) which are born in the same month and blood samples were gathered from these animals during their 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th months old. Also blood samples were taken from calves' mother during first sampling. For virological studies nose and eye swab samples were taken from clinically ill calves which are found from studied and unstudied farms. For detecting antibody titers serum neutralization test (SN50) was applied to blood sera. Besides detecting antigen commercial ELISA kit (BRSV, PI-3, BVDV and BHV-1 antigen detection kit), virus isolation and for non cytopathic BVDV strain immunoperoxidase test was used. At the end infection with BRSV, PI-3, BVDV, BAV-3 and BCoV at early ages of calves and role of seronegative calves in circulation of infections was determined. For BRSV, PI-3, BVDV, BAV-3 in the 3rd month and for BCoV in the 4th month maternally antibodies are started to decrease. During this period no maternal antibody was detected for BHV-1. In conclusion it was observed that maternally antibodies started to decrease from the 2nd month, first exposure of viruses to calves were encountered between 4th and 8th months and circulation of naturally infections were detected. On this basis, first vaccination should be done between 2nd and 4th month and it was judged that implementation of after 1 month booster shot can be useful.
Description
Keywords
Solunum sistemi virusları, Sığır, Enfeksiyon dinamiği, BRSV, PI- 3, BHV-1, BVDV, BAV-3, BCoV, Respiratory viruses, Ruminant, Infection dynamic
Citation
Tuncer, P. (2013). Sığır sürülerinde solunum sistemi viruslarının enfeksiyon dinamiğinin serolojik takibi ve klinik olgulardan virus tespiti. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.