Deneysel Gumboro Hastalığı Virusu, reovirus ve adenovirus enfeksiyonlarda şekillenen makroskopik ve mikroskopik lezyonların karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmesi
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Date
1996
Authors
Özmen, Özlem
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada Gumboro Hastalığı Virüsü (Infectious Bursal Disease Virus-IBDV), Reovirus ve Adenovinıs'ım standart suşlan ile oluşturulacak tekli, ikili ve üçlü enfeksiyonlarda şekillenen lezyonlan incelemek, bu lezyonlan sahadaki üçlü enfeksiyonlardan izole edilen saha izolatımn verildiği gruptaki lezyonlarla karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirmek ve elde edilen sonuçlardan teşhise yardımcı kriterler geliştirmek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın deneysel kısmında bir günlük , White-Lohman ırkı, erkek, 180 civciv kullanıldı. Yirmişer civcivlik 9 grup oluşturularak, birinci, ikinci, üçüncü gruplara sırasıyla sadece IBDV, Reovirus, Adenovirus; dördüncü, beşinci ve altmcı gruplara IBDV+Reovirus, IBDV+Adenovirus ve Reovirus+Adenovirus birlikte; yedinci gruba üç virüs birlikte; sekizinci gruba sahadan üçlü enfeksiyonlardan elde edilen ve üç virüsün da saha suşlarmı içeren izolat verildi. Dokuzuncu grup kontrol grubu olarak ayrıldı. İnokülasyonlar bir günlük civcivlere ağız yoluyla yapıldı. Takiben üçer günlük periyotlarla her gruptan ikişer civciv ayrılarak nekropsileri yapıldı. Klinik olarak inokülasyondan sonra deney gruplarında 1-2 gün süren durgunluk hali gözlendi. Bir kaç civcivde depresyon, tüylerde kabarma ve gelişme geriliği dikkati çekti. Bazı civcivlerde hafif şiddette ishal görüldü. Deney süresince hiç bir grupta ölüm gözlenmedi. Nekropsilerde Gumboro Hastalığı virüsü ile tekli (G), ikili (GR, GA) ve üçlü (GRA) enfeksiyon oluşturulan gruplar ile saha grubunda (S) bursa Fabricius'larm kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldıklarında büyük oldukları, diğer grupların (A, R ve RA) bursa Fabricius'lannın ise küçük oldukları gözlendi. Bazı civcivlerde timusta atrofî görüldü. IBDV+Adenovirusun verilen grupta en belirgin lezyon karaciğerdeki kanamalardı. Bunun dışmda deney gruplarında inokülasyondan sonraki bir hafta içinde bağırsakların gergin olduğu, lümende sulu kıvamlı bir içerik bulunduğu görüldü. Mikroskobide deney gruplarında en fazla etkilenen organ bursa Fabricius'tu. Bu organda hafif hiperemi ve ödemden, nekroz ve atrofîye kadar değişen bulgular gözlendi. Gruplara göre değişmekle birlikte bursa Fabricius dışmda karaciğer, timus, pankreas, bağırsaklar ve akciğerler etkilenen diğer organlardı. Nekropsi öncesi alman kanların total lökosit formülü yönünden .. incelenmesinde deney gruplarındaki civcivlerde kontrol grubuna göre heterofîl lökosit sayısının genellikle yüksek olduğu gözlendi. Bursa Fabricius'lardan yapılan sürme preparatlarm incelenmesinde deney gruplarında heterofîl ve plazma hücresi sayısında artış görüldü. Sonuç olarak iki yada üç virüs birlikte verilerek enfeksiyon oluşturulan gruplar ile saha izolatı verilen grupta şekillenen lezyonlarm tekli enfeksiyon oluşturulan gruplara göre daha şiddetli olduğu (P<0.001), saha izolatı verilen grupta şekillenen makroskobik ve mikroskobik lezyonlarm üçlü ve ikili enfeksiyon oluşturulan gruplarda şekillenen lezyonlara benzediği dikkati çekti (P>0.05). Saha grubu ile üçlü enfeksiyon oluşturulan grup arasındaki benzerliğin daha fazla olduğu görüldü. Saha grubuna verilen virüs miktarının (0.3 mİ.) ve titresinin düşük olduğu, buna karşılık üçlü enfeksiyon oluşturulan gruba verilen virüs miktarının (1 mİ.) ve titresinin yüksek olduğu düşünülerek ülkemizde saha salgınlarında enfeksiyon oluşturan virüs suşlannm oldukça virulant suşlar olduğu kanısına varıldı.
In this study, to examine the lesions fonned in the infections induced by single, or duplicate and triplicate combinations of Gumboro (G) Disease Virüs [Infectious Bursal Disease Virüs (IBDV)], Reovirus (R) and Adenovirus (A), to comparatively evaluate of these lesions with those lesions fonned in the group received fîeld isolate (S) of triplicate fîeld infections and to develop helpful diagnostic criteria based on the results are aimed. In the experimental part of the study, White-Lohman breed, one-day old, male, 180 chickens were used. By forming 9 groups, each composed of 20 chickens, only IBDV, R, and A to İst, 2nd and 3rd groups; IBDV+R, IBDV+A and R+A to 4th, 5th and 6th groups respectively; three viruses together to 7th group and the isolate obtained from the triplicate fîeld infections to 8th group were inoculated. The 9th group designated as control. Following the oral inoculation of one-day-old chickens, 2 chickens from each group were sacrificed, and necropsied with three day intervals. Clinically, depression lasting for 1-2 days was observed after inoculation in experimental groups. In a few chickens, depression, ruffled feathers, growth retardation were observed. In some chickens dianhea was observed. No deaths were seen in any groups during the experiment. In necropsies, while the bursa Fabricius (bF) of the chickens from the single (G), duplicate (GR, GA), triplicate (GRA) infections with IBDV and fîeld (S) groups were larger than those of chickens in control group, bF of chickens from the A, R and RA infections groups were smaller than those of control group. A thymic atrophy was seen in some of the chickens. Hemorrhageas in the livers were the most prominent lesion in the group inoculated with IBDV+Adenovirus together. Also, intestines were seen to be tense and to contain watery content in experimental groups at the fîrst week after the inoculation. Microscopically, bursa of Fabricius was the most severely afîected organ. In this organ, lesions varying from slight hyperemia and oedema to necrosis and atrophy were observed. Liver, thymus, pancreas, intestines and lungs were the other affected organs while differing among groups. In the examination of blood samples taken before necropsies, total leucocyte numbers were generally higher in experimental groups in regard to the control groups. In the examination of smears prepared from bF, an increase in the numbers of heterophil leucocytes and plasma cells was observed in experimental groups. As a result, lesions were more severe in the groups given combinations of the two, three viruses and in the field isolate group with compare to those of animals which received only one virüs (PO.OOl). It was observed that macroscopical and microscopical lesions formed in the group given field isolate were similar to the triplicate and duplicate infection groups (P>0.05). If it is thought that the amount (0.3 mİ) and titer of virüs given to field group was low, compare to those in triplicate infection group (1 mİ.), it can be concluded that the virüs strains forming infections in field epizooties in our country are very virulant strains.
In this study, to examine the lesions fonned in the infections induced by single, or duplicate and triplicate combinations of Gumboro (G) Disease Virüs [Infectious Bursal Disease Virüs (IBDV)], Reovirus (R) and Adenovirus (A), to comparatively evaluate of these lesions with those lesions fonned in the group received fîeld isolate (S) of triplicate fîeld infections and to develop helpful diagnostic criteria based on the results are aimed. In the experimental part of the study, White-Lohman breed, one-day old, male, 180 chickens were used. By forming 9 groups, each composed of 20 chickens, only IBDV, R, and A to İst, 2nd and 3rd groups; IBDV+R, IBDV+A and R+A to 4th, 5th and 6th groups respectively; three viruses together to 7th group and the isolate obtained from the triplicate fîeld infections to 8th group were inoculated. The 9th group designated as control. Following the oral inoculation of one-day-old chickens, 2 chickens from each group were sacrificed, and necropsied with three day intervals. Clinically, depression lasting for 1-2 days was observed after inoculation in experimental groups. In a few chickens, depression, ruffled feathers, growth retardation were observed. In some chickens dianhea was observed. No deaths were seen in any groups during the experiment. In necropsies, while the bursa Fabricius (bF) of the chickens from the single (G), duplicate (GR, GA), triplicate (GRA) infections with IBDV and fîeld (S) groups were larger than those of chickens in control group, bF of chickens from the A, R and RA infections groups were smaller than those of control group. A thymic atrophy was seen in some of the chickens. Hemorrhageas in the livers were the most prominent lesion in the group inoculated with IBDV+Adenovirus together. Also, intestines were seen to be tense and to contain watery content in experimental groups at the fîrst week after the inoculation. Microscopically, bursa of Fabricius was the most severely afîected organ. In this organ, lesions varying from slight hyperemia and oedema to necrosis and atrophy were observed. Liver, thymus, pancreas, intestines and lungs were the other affected organs while differing among groups. In the examination of blood samples taken before necropsies, total leucocyte numbers were generally higher in experimental groups in regard to the control groups. In the examination of smears prepared from bF, an increase in the numbers of heterophil leucocytes and plasma cells was observed in experimental groups. As a result, lesions were more severe in the groups given combinations of the two, three viruses and in the field isolate group with compare to those of animals which received only one virüs (PO.OOl). It was observed that macroscopical and microscopical lesions formed in the group given field isolate were similar to the triplicate and duplicate infection groups (P>0.05). If it is thought that the amount (0.3 mİ) and titer of virüs given to field group was low, compare to those in triplicate infection group (1 mİ.), it can be concluded that the virüs strains forming infections in field epizooties in our country are very virulant strains.
Description
Keywords
Gumboro Hastalığı (Infectious Bursal Disease-IBD), Gumboro Disease (Infectious Bursal Disease-IBD), Reovirus, Adenovirus, Deneysel enfeksiyon, Patoloji, Experimental infection, Pathology
Citation
Özmen, Ö. (1996). Deneysel Gumboro Hastalığı Virusu, reovirus ve adenovirus enfeksiyonlarda şekillenen makroskopik ve mikroskopik lezyonların karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmesi. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.