Küreselleşmenin Türkiye'deki kentsel kamu hizmetlerinin arzı ve finansman yöntemleri üzerindeki etkileri
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Date
2013-11-11
Authors
Kılıçaslan, Harun
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Küreselleşmenin kentsel kamu hizmetlerinin arzı ve finansman yöntemleri üzerindeki etkilerini ortaya koymak bu çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma, sözü edilen amaca dönük olarak dört bölümde ele alınmıştır. İlkinde küreselleşme ve devletin rolündeki değişim, ikincisinde ise küreselleşmenin yerelleşme ile olan ilişkisi ortaya konulmuştur. Üçüncü bölümde Avrupa Birliği?nin kentsel kamu hizmetlerine olan yaklaşımı ele alındıktan sonra Almanya, İngiltere ve Polonya ülkeleriyle küreselleşmenin kentsel kamu hizmetlerinin arzı ve finansman yöntemleri üzerindeki etkileri Avrupa Birliği alanında örneklendirilmiştir. Son bölümde ise inceleme konusu Türkiye açısından ele alınmıştır. Küreselleşmenin neoliberal politikaların yaygınlaştırılmasının bir aracı olduğu düşüncesi çalışmada da benimsenen bir yaklaşım olmuştur. Yerelleşmenin ise bu bağlamda küreselleşmenin zıttı olmadığı, aksine küreselleşme sürecini destekleyen bir süreç olduğu kabul edilmiştir. Küreselleşme yoluyla merkezî idarelerin değerlenme alanları olarak sermayeye açılmasını sağlayan kapitalist sistem, yerelleşme ile de kentsel kamu hizmetlerinin yoğun olarak sunulduğu belediyeleri birer değerlenme alanı olarak sermayeye açmaktadır. Ülkelerdeki uygulamalar tek tipte ve aynı zaman sürecinde gerçekleşmese de genel eğilimin oluşturduğu trendin birbirinden farklı olmadığı görülmektedir. Kentsel kamu hizmetleri çeşitli yöntemlerle giderek daha fazla özel kesime gördürülmektedir. Son yıllarda geniş anlamda bir özelleştirme biçimi olarak Kamu-Özel İşbirlikleri öne çıkmaktadır. Finansman boyutunda ise belediyelerin borçlanması ve fiyatlandırma öne çıkmaktadır. İlgi çekici diğer bir sonuç ise belediyelerin kendi gelir kaynaklarının yerelleşme sürecinde beklendiği gibi artmadığıdır.
The aim of this study is to emphasize the effects of globalization on supply and financing methods of urban public services. The study is handled in four sections directed to the mentioned goal. In first section globalization and change in the role of the state, in second section the relation of globalization and decentralization was emphasized. In third section after handling the approach of European Union to urban public services, the effect of globalization on supply and financing methods of urban public services in Germany, England and Poland were sampled in European Union field. In final section the research subject was handled with regards to Turkey. The idea that globalization is a tool for generalizing neo-liberal policies is also an adopted approach in the study. On the other hand decentralization is accepted as not being opposite of globalization in that context, but in contrary is accepted as a process which supports the globalization process. Capitalist system which allows central governments to be opened to capital as areas of assessment through globalization, also opens municipalities where urban public services are intensively given to capital as areas of assessment through decentralization. Although applications in countries are not in same type and are not realized in the same time period, it is observed that the trends formed by general tendency are not different from each other. Urban public services are increasingly assigned to private sector with various methods. In recent years, public-private partnerships are becoming prominent as a privatization method in a broad sense. In financing dimension, the incurring debt of municipalities and pricing become prominent. Another interesting result is that the income sources of municipalities have not increased as expected, during the course of decentralization.
The aim of this study is to emphasize the effects of globalization on supply and financing methods of urban public services. The study is handled in four sections directed to the mentioned goal. In first section globalization and change in the role of the state, in second section the relation of globalization and decentralization was emphasized. In third section after handling the approach of European Union to urban public services, the effect of globalization on supply and financing methods of urban public services in Germany, England and Poland were sampled in European Union field. In final section the research subject was handled with regards to Turkey. The idea that globalization is a tool for generalizing neo-liberal policies is also an adopted approach in the study. On the other hand decentralization is accepted as not being opposite of globalization in that context, but in contrary is accepted as a process which supports the globalization process. Capitalist system which allows central governments to be opened to capital as areas of assessment through globalization, also opens municipalities where urban public services are intensively given to capital as areas of assessment through decentralization. Although applications in countries are not in same type and are not realized in the same time period, it is observed that the trends formed by general tendency are not different from each other. Urban public services are increasingly assigned to private sector with various methods. In recent years, public-private partnerships are becoming prominent as a privatization method in a broad sense. In financing dimension, the incurring debt of municipalities and pricing become prominent. Another interesting result is that the income sources of municipalities have not increased as expected, during the course of decentralization.
Description
Keywords
Küreselleşme, Yerelleşme, Kentsel kamu hizmetleri, Özelleştirme, Kamu-özel işbirlikleri, Globalization, Decentralization, Urban public services, Privatization, Public-private partnerships (PPP)
Citation
Kılıçaslan, H. (2013). Küreselleşmenin Türkiye'deki kentsel kamu hizmetlerinin arzı ve finansman yöntemleri üzerindeki etkileri. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.