Bitkisel üretimde allelopati
Loading...
Date
2013-08-21
Authors
Gürsoy, Mehtap
Balkan, Alpay
Ulukan, Hakan
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bitkide üretilen ve ikincil metabolit olan allelokimyasalların neden olduğu “allelopati”; direkt ya da dolaylı olarak önemli bir yere sahiptir. Genel olarak, kendinden sonra gelen aynı (autotoxicity) ya da farklı türlere (heterotoxicity) ait bitki kökler tarafından üretilen bu maddeler ya büyüme ve gelişmeyi azaltıp, durdurabilmekte ya da tamamen önleyebilmektedir. Bu olayda bitkinin yaşı, toprağın yapısı, genotip, nem, ışık, sıcaklık, nem, ekoloji gibi faktörler çok önemlidir. Özellikle sürdürülebilirlik bakımından ekim nöbeti, anızlı nadas, malçlı nadas gibi çeşitli yetiştiricilik tekniklerini kullanmanın büyük bir yeri vardır. Genotip, toprak, ekoloji ve yetiştiricilik teknikleri dikkate alınmazsa, tarımsal üretimin düzeyi bitki besin maddeleri, nem, sıcaklık, stres faktörleri ve kendinden sonra gelen bitkiye bıraktığı tohum yatağı, özellikle de bitki kök bölgesindeki allelopatik madde(lerin) konsantrasyonunca belirlenir. Nitekim ortam nem miktarındaki fazlalık ya da aşırılıktan dolayı (örnek Karadeniz bölgesi); tarımı yapılan bitkinin üretiminde allelopatik etkileşim(ler)’den dolayı azalmalar ortaya çıkmakta; ancak özellikle nem oranındaki azalmalar allelopatik kaynaklı olumsuzlukların her zaman aynı şiddette oluşmasını önlemektedir.
Allelopathy, which produces in plant and induced by allelochemicals, are secondary metabolits and has an important place as a directly or indirectly. Generally, these compounds, which are pruduced by roots in the plant which are belong to the same (autotoxicity) or different (heterotoxicity) species after succesor, has an effect that either may be reduce the growth and development or fully/completely able to stop. In this event, factors such as plant age, soil structure, genotype, humidity/water, ecology are very important. Particularly in terms of sustainability, there is a great place for the usage of various agricultural growing techniques such as crop rotation, stubbled fallow, mulched fallow, etc. If genotype, soil, ecology and growing techniques do not consider, level of agricultural production is determined by plant nutrition, humidity/ water, temperature, stress factors and which was released seed bed for the next one, especially, it is determined by allelopathic compound(s) concentration it the plant root zone. Hence, due to excess of the humidity/water level in environment (for example The Black Sea Region), since the allelopathic interaction(s) decreases are being arisen in the produced crops’; but, particularly reducing at the humidity/water level always could be prevents the allelopathic originned negatives in every time and same the violence.
Allelopathy, which produces in plant and induced by allelochemicals, are secondary metabolits and has an important place as a directly or indirectly. Generally, these compounds, which are pruduced by roots in the plant which are belong to the same (autotoxicity) or different (heterotoxicity) species after succesor, has an effect that either may be reduce the growth and development or fully/completely able to stop. In this event, factors such as plant age, soil structure, genotype, humidity/water, ecology are very important. Particularly in terms of sustainability, there is a great place for the usage of various agricultural growing techniques such as crop rotation, stubbled fallow, mulched fallow, etc. If genotype, soil, ecology and growing techniques do not consider, level of agricultural production is determined by plant nutrition, humidity/ water, temperature, stress factors and which was released seed bed for the next one, especially, it is determined by allelopathic compound(s) concentration it the plant root zone. Hence, due to excess of the humidity/water level in environment (for example The Black Sea Region), since the allelopathic interaction(s) decreases are being arisen in the produced crops’; but, particularly reducing at the humidity/water level always could be prevents the allelopathic originned negatives in every time and same the violence.
Description
Keywords
Allelopati, Ekim nöbeti, Anızlı nadas, Sürdürülebilirlik, Allelopathy, Crop rotation, Stubbled fallow, Sustainability
Citation
Gürsoy, M. vd. (2013). "Bitkisel üretimde allelopati". Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(2), 115-122.