Oryantalistlerin hadislerin menşeini tespite yönelik yöntemleri
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Date
2005
Authors
Kızıl, Fatma
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Hadis çalışmalarında yeni kullanılan bir terim olan `hadis tarihlendirme'ifadesi oryantalistler tarafından özellikle XX. yüzyıldan itibaren kullanılmaktadır.Müslüman âlimler `hadislerin sıhhatini tespit etme' ifadesini tercih etmektedirler. İlk bakışta bu ifadeler arasında fark yok gibi görünse de sonuçlar iki grup ilim adamının yaklaşımlarındaki farklılığa işaret etmektedir. Müslüman ilim adamlarının tutumunu şekillendiren husus, onların hadis literatürünü sadece tarihû bir kaynak olarak değil aynı zamanda hukukû ve ahlâkû normların çıkarıldığı bir kaynak ve dahası medeniyetlerinin temeli olarak kabul etmeleridir.Bu çalışmada, dört hadis tarihlendirme yöntemi incelenmiştir. Bunlar hadisleri isnada, metne, isnad ve metne ve son olarak da hadisin ilk kez geçtiği kaynağa göre tarihlendirme yöntemleridir. snada dayanan yöntem, Joseph Schacht tarafından geliştirilen ve G. H. A. Juynboll tarafından detaylandırılan müşterek râvi teorisi üzerinde yoğunlaşmaktadır. kinci metodu uygularken oryantalistler metinlerin içeriklerine veya biçimlerine öncelik vermektedirler.Üçüncü yöntem önceki iki yönteme dayanmaktadır. Bu yöntemi uygulayan oryantalistler müşterek râvi fenomenini farklı yorumlamıştır. En az kullanan yöntem hadisleri ilk kez geçtikleri kaynağa göre tarihlendirmedir. HaraldMotzki'nin haklı olarak söylediği gibi M. J. Kister bu yönteme farklı bir boyut getirmiştir.
The phrase of `dating tradition which is a newly used term in the hadithstudies have been used by orientalists especially since XX. century. Muslimscholars prefer the phrase of `determining authentication of hadith. Even if at thefirst sight it seems that there is no difference between these phrases, the resultspoint the difference in the approaches of two groups of scholars. What forms theattitude of Muslim scholars is that they accept hadith literature as not only thehistorical source but also a source from which they distilled legal and moralnorms and what is more the basis of their civilization.In the present study, four methods of dating tradition are analyzed. Theseare methods of dating traditions based on isnads, matns, both isnads and matnsand finally the sources in which the tradition is found for the first time. Themethod based on isnad zeroes in the common link theory which was developed byJoseph Schacht and have been elaborated by G. H. A. Juynboll. While applyingthe second method, orientalists give priority to contents or forms of matns. Thethird method is based on two previous methods. Orientalists who apply thismethod interpret common link phenomenon differently. The least used method isdating hadith based on the source in which the hadith is found for the first time.M. J. Kister gives a different dimension to this method as Harald Motzki rightlysaid.
The phrase of `dating tradition which is a newly used term in the hadithstudies have been used by orientalists especially since XX. century. Muslimscholars prefer the phrase of `determining authentication of hadith. Even if at thefirst sight it seems that there is no difference between these phrases, the resultspoint the difference in the approaches of two groups of scholars. What forms theattitude of Muslim scholars is that they accept hadith literature as not only thehistorical source but also a source from which they distilled legal and moralnorms and what is more the basis of their civilization.In the present study, four methods of dating tradition are analyzed. Theseare methods of dating traditions based on isnads, matns, both isnads and matnsand finally the sources in which the tradition is found for the first time. Themethod based on isnad zeroes in the common link theory which was developed byJoseph Schacht and have been elaborated by G. H. A. Juynboll. While applyingthe second method, orientalists give priority to contents or forms of matns. Thethird method is based on two previous methods. Orientalists who apply thismethod interpret common link phenomenon differently. The least used method isdating hadith based on the source in which the hadith is found for the first time.M. J. Kister gives a different dimension to this method as Harald Motzki rightlysaid.
Description
Keywords
Oryantalistler, Orientalists, Hadis, Hadith
Citation
Kızıl, F. (2005). Oryantalistlerin hadislerin menşeini tespite yönelik yöntemleri. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.