Abdülmecîd B. Nasûh Tosyevî'nin (Ö. 1588) hayatı, eserleri Ve El-Hüdâ Ve'l-Felâh adlı tefsir Risâlesinin tahkîki
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Date
2008
Authors
Hayta, Ufuk
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in anlasılmasına yönelik tarih boyunca büyük çabalar gösterilmis, bu çabaların bir sonucu olarak çok sayıda tefsir vücuda gelmistir. slâm dünyasına uzun yıllar liderlik yapan Türkler slâm dininin dogru anlasılması için günün sartlarına uygun olarak egitim kurumları olusturmus ve buralarda slâmî ilimlerin egitimini vermislerdir. Tarih boyunca yazılmıs olan tefsirleri ve ve bunları kaleme alan müfessirleri inceleyen bir ilim olarak Tefsir tarihi uzun yıllar Osmanlı tefsir mirasına sayfalarında yer vermemistir. Son zamanlarda yapılan çalısmalar, haddizatında yeterli olmamakla birlikte, Osmanlı tefsir tarihi alanında zengin bir mirasın varlıgını, az da olsa gözler önüne sermis, daha fazla çalısma yapmak isteyenlere ısık tutmustur. Pesinen söyleyebiliriz ki pekçok Osmanlı müfessiri Kur'an'ın anlasılmasına ve dolaylı olarak tefsir ilminin gelismesine azımsanmayacak ölçüde katkı saglamıstır. Bunlardan biri olan Abdülmecîd b. Nasûh Tosyevî, Osmanlı’nın en parlak dönemi olan mîlâdî XVI. yüzyılda yasamıs, basta tefsir olmak üzere degisik alanlarda ellinin üzerinde eser kaleme almıstır. Nasûh Efendi, Zeyniyye tarikatının postnisini oldugundan oglu Abdülmecîd tasavvufî bir çevrede yetismistir. Babasından miras aldıgı tasavvufî anlayısı sürdüren müfessir yazmıs oldugu eserlere ve tefsir risâlelerine bu anlayısı aksettirmistir. Müslümanların günlük hayatlarında çok okudugu sûre ve âyet grupları üzerinde yogunlasan bazı kereler de konulu tefsir yazan Abdülmecîd Tosyevî’nin tahkîki (edisyon kritik) yapılan el-Hüdâ ve’l-felâh adlı risâlesi konulu tefsir örneklerindendir. Kur'ân’daki “hüdâ” ve “felâh” kelimelerinin geçtigi 11 âyeti tefsir eden Tosyevî çalısmasında kendisinden önceki dirâyet tefsirlerinden büyük ölçüde istifâde etmis, hasiyelerde ise metinde islenen konularla alakalı olarak bazı tasavvufî yorumlara yer vermistir. Elinizdeki bu çalısma, özetle söylemek gerekirse, Abdülmecîd Tosyevî’yi tanıtmayı, çesitli kütüphanelerde yazma halinde bulunan eserlerini tespit edip muhtevalarına dair bilgi vermeyi amaçlamakta ve el- Hüdâ ve’l-felâh adlı tefsir risâlesinin örnek tahkîkine yer vermektedir.
Muslims and even non-muslims have given great importance to deal with the Qur’an and its understanding within the long Islamic period. Presently, we have very huge number of books and treatises on the interpretation and explanation of the Qur’an. Muslim masses get knowledge of Islam from these uncounted tafseer heritage of the Muslim Ummah. Turkish Muslims, as leaders and administrators of Muslim ummah for a long time, have established many educational instutitions and research centres to get correct information on Islam and promote Islamic knowledge to other people in the world. Unfortunatelly there is no more information on the Ottoman Turkish tafseer heritage and Turkish mufassirs/commentators in the book of mufassirs (Tabakat al- Mufassireen) that was written in Arabic and western languages. After 1970’s, situation has slowly changed and researchers have done many good researches on the subject and evaluated Ottoman tafseer heritage. These studies have brought out many important books and treatises for Ottoman commentators. One of the Ottoman commentators who contributed many books and treatises to the field was Abdulmajid b. Nasuh of Tosya. Abdulmajid Tosyawi has grown up in a mystical environment because of his father Nasuh, Sheikh of Zayniyye Sufi order. Mystical dimension that was inherited from Shaykh Nasuh is visible in Abdulmajid’s many works. It could be said that he was one of the Ottoman type Sufi mufassirs like Bursawi, Izniki, Konevî etc. Tosyawi composed various books in the different aspects of Islam as well as in the Tafseer discipline. These books were about interpretation of surahs and some verses that were frequently read by the Ottoman people. Because of his so many books in the field of Tafseer, he may be calculated from Ottoman mufassirs of 16th century. The aim of this study is to provide some information on Tosyawi’s life and manuscript works that is outspreaded in different libraries and lastly to examine scholarly his tafseer treatise entitled “al-Huda wa al-falah”. This treatise comprises commentary of eleven verses about “hüda/guidance” and “felah/salvation” words. Treatise was written in the dirayat method and mystical way.
Muslims and even non-muslims have given great importance to deal with the Qur’an and its understanding within the long Islamic period. Presently, we have very huge number of books and treatises on the interpretation and explanation of the Qur’an. Muslim masses get knowledge of Islam from these uncounted tafseer heritage of the Muslim Ummah. Turkish Muslims, as leaders and administrators of Muslim ummah for a long time, have established many educational instutitions and research centres to get correct information on Islam and promote Islamic knowledge to other people in the world. Unfortunatelly there is no more information on the Ottoman Turkish tafseer heritage and Turkish mufassirs/commentators in the book of mufassirs (Tabakat al- Mufassireen) that was written in Arabic and western languages. After 1970’s, situation has slowly changed and researchers have done many good researches on the subject and evaluated Ottoman tafseer heritage. These studies have brought out many important books and treatises for Ottoman commentators. One of the Ottoman commentators who contributed many books and treatises to the field was Abdulmajid b. Nasuh of Tosya. Abdulmajid Tosyawi has grown up in a mystical environment because of his father Nasuh, Sheikh of Zayniyye Sufi order. Mystical dimension that was inherited from Shaykh Nasuh is visible in Abdulmajid’s many works. It could be said that he was one of the Ottoman type Sufi mufassirs like Bursawi, Izniki, Konevî etc. Tosyawi composed various books in the different aspects of Islam as well as in the Tafseer discipline. These books were about interpretation of surahs and some verses that were frequently read by the Ottoman people. Because of his so many books in the field of Tafseer, he may be calculated from Ottoman mufassirs of 16th century. The aim of this study is to provide some information on Tosyawi’s life and manuscript works that is outspreaded in different libraries and lastly to examine scholarly his tafseer treatise entitled “al-Huda wa al-falah”. This treatise comprises commentary of eleven verses about “hüda/guidance” and “felah/salvation” words. Treatise was written in the dirayat method and mystical way.
Description
Keywords
Abdülmecid b.Nasuh, Tosyevî, Tahkîk, Zeyniyye, el-Hüdâ ve’l-felâh, Tefsir, Osmanlı, Müfessir, Abdulmajid b. Nasuh, al-Tosyawi, Critical Edition, The Zayniyya, al-Huda wa’l-falah, Tafseer, Ottoman, Mufassir
Citation
Hayta, U. (2018). Abdülmecîd B. Nasûh Tosyevî'nin (Ö.1588) hayatı, eserleri Ve El-Hüdâ Ve'l-Felâh adlı tefsir Risâlesinin tahkîki. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.