Bursa Bölgesinde yetiştirilen bazı marul ve baş salata çeşitlerinde sulama suyu kaynağına bağlı olarak ağır metal miktarının belirlenmesi
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Date
2017-12-28
Authors
Sarıyer, Ebru
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Dünyada her geçen gün artış gösteren kirlilik, canlı varlıkların yaşam çevrelerindeki riskleri de arttırmaktadır. Özellikle son yıllardaki endüstriyel gelişmelere bağlı olarak atık suların ağır metal içerikleri de sürekli artış göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, 2014-2015 ilkbahar döneminde gerçekleştirilmiş olup Nilüfer Çayı ile sulanan tarım arazilerinin ve İznik Gölü ile sulanan tarım topraklarında yetiştirilen marul ve baş salata çeşitlerinin ağır metal içeriklerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla; kontrol grubu bitkileri Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü Araştırma parsellerinde şebeke suyu ile sulanarak yetiştirilmiştir. Diğer bitkiler Nilüfer Çayı ve İznik Göl Suyu ile sulanan tarım alanlarına dikilmiştir. Denemede kullanılan baş salata (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata, Robinson çeşidi), marul (Lactuca sativa L. var. Longifolia, Adranita çeşidi), kıvırcık yapraklı salata (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa, Funly çeşidi)bitkilerinin fideleri üç parsele dikilmiş ve düzenli sulamalar yapılmıştır. Bitkilerde hasattan sonra verim ve genel kalite analizleri, ağır metal miktarları (Kobalt (Co), Nikel (Ni), Kadminyum (Cd), Kurşun (Pb)) ve nitrat miktarları saptanmıştır. Genel analiz sonuçları incelendiğinde; Nilüfer Çayı ve İznik Göl suyu ile sulanan bitkilerde ağırlık miktarlarında önemli bir değişme olmazken, deforme yaprak sayılarında sulama suyu kaynağına bağlı olarak artış görülmüş olup iki bölgeden alınan bitkilerde de kirliliğe bağlı olarak pH miktarları yüksek bulunmuştur. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilere göre; Nikel miktarları Nilüfer Çayı ile sulanan Funly kıvırcık yapraklı salata çeşidinde 0,180 mg/kg, Robinson çeşidinde 0,248 mg/kg, Adranita çeşidinde 0,205 mg/kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Kadminyum miktarlarına bakıldığında İznik Göl Suyu ile sulanan örneklerde Funlykıvırcık yapraklı salata çeşidinde 0,055 mg/kg ve Nilüfer Çayı ile sulanan Adranita marul çeşidinde 0,072 mg/kg olarak bulunmuştur. Kurşun miktarlarını belirlemeye yönelik yapılan analiz sonucunda; Nilüfer Çayı ile sulanan örneklerde Funly marul çeşidinde 0,126 mg/kg, Adranita çeşidinde 0,131 mg/kg olarak belirlenmiş olup, İznik Göl suyu ile sulanan Funly marul çeşidinde 0,126 mg/kg, Robinson çeşidinde 0,543 mg/kg, Adranita marul çeşidinde 0,913 mg/kg olarak saptanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre Nilüfer Çayı ve İznik Göl suyu ile sulanan üç çeşitte de Nikel (Ni), Kadmiyum (Cd), Kurşun (Pb) düzeyleri genel olarak Türk Gıda Kodeksinin vermiş olduğu limitlerin üzerinde bulunmuştur. Çalışmada; nitrat analizleri de yapılmış olup tüm bitkilerden alınan örneklerde nitrat miktarlarının Türk Gıda Kodeksinin vermiş olduğu limitlerin altında olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Pollution increased in the world every day which increases the risks of living beings in the living environment. Depending on the industrial development, especially in recent years shows a continuous increase in heavy metal content from waste water. This study, 2014-2015 has been carried out during the spring is made of lettuce and head lettuce varieties grown in irrigated agricultural land by the Nilüfer River and irrigated farmland by the and Lake Iznik in order to determine their heavy metal content. For this purpose; control plants were grown in Uludag University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture Research plots which irrigated with tap water. Other plants were planted in agricultural fields irrigated with Nilüfer River and Iznik Lake. Head lettuce (Lactuca sativa is L.var. capitata, Robinson c.v.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa is. L. var longifolia, Adranita c.v.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa is L.var crispa, Funly c.v.) used in the experiment which plants seedlings planted on three plots and regular watering were carried out. In plants after harvest overall quality analysis, amount of heavy metal (Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb) and nitrate were determined. In general analysis results are analyzed; Nilüfer River and İznik Lake water samples showed no significant amount of weight while deformed leaf plants have seen an increase in the number depending on the source of irrigation water and pH amounts due to pollution in the two regions were higher. According to the data obtained from the study; the amount of Nickel quantities of samples irrigated with Nilüfer River was determined in Funly lettuce varieties 0,180 mg/kg, Robinson lettuce varieties 0,248 mg/kg, Adranita varieties 0,205 mg/kg. Considering the amount of cadmium, samples irrigated from İznik Lake water was determined in Funly lettuce varieties 0,055 mg/kg and samples irrigated from Nilüfer River water in Adranita lettuce varieties was determined 0,072 mg/kg. As a result of analyzes performed to determine the amount of Lead; samples irrigated from Nilüfer River was found in Funly lettuce varieties 0,126 mg/kg, in Adranita lettuce varieties 0,131 mg/kg and samples irrigated from İznik Lake water was determined in Funly lettuce varieties was determined 0,126 mg/kg, in Robinson lettuce varieties 0,543 mg/kg, in Adranita lettuce varieties 0,943 mg/kg. According to the results obtained of lettuce and head lettuce varieties irrigated from the Nilüfer River and İznik Lake water of Nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) levels were above the limits in general have given by the Turkish Food Codex. In this study; nitrite analysis is also made of the amount of nitrate in the samples taken from the whole plant has been determined that was below the limit given by Turkish Codex Alimentarius.
Pollution increased in the world every day which increases the risks of living beings in the living environment. Depending on the industrial development, especially in recent years shows a continuous increase in heavy metal content from waste water. This study, 2014-2015 has been carried out during the spring is made of lettuce and head lettuce varieties grown in irrigated agricultural land by the Nilüfer River and irrigated farmland by the and Lake Iznik in order to determine their heavy metal content. For this purpose; control plants were grown in Uludag University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture Research plots which irrigated with tap water. Other plants were planted in agricultural fields irrigated with Nilüfer River and Iznik Lake. Head lettuce (Lactuca sativa is L.var. capitata, Robinson c.v.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa is. L. var longifolia, Adranita c.v.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa is L.var crispa, Funly c.v.) used in the experiment which plants seedlings planted on three plots and regular watering were carried out. In plants after harvest overall quality analysis, amount of heavy metal (Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb) and nitrate were determined. In general analysis results are analyzed; Nilüfer River and İznik Lake water samples showed no significant amount of weight while deformed leaf plants have seen an increase in the number depending on the source of irrigation water and pH amounts due to pollution in the two regions were higher. According to the data obtained from the study; the amount of Nickel quantities of samples irrigated with Nilüfer River was determined in Funly lettuce varieties 0,180 mg/kg, Robinson lettuce varieties 0,248 mg/kg, Adranita varieties 0,205 mg/kg. Considering the amount of cadmium, samples irrigated from İznik Lake water was determined in Funly lettuce varieties 0,055 mg/kg and samples irrigated from Nilüfer River water in Adranita lettuce varieties was determined 0,072 mg/kg. As a result of analyzes performed to determine the amount of Lead; samples irrigated from Nilüfer River was found in Funly lettuce varieties 0,126 mg/kg, in Adranita lettuce varieties 0,131 mg/kg and samples irrigated from İznik Lake water was determined in Funly lettuce varieties was determined 0,126 mg/kg, in Robinson lettuce varieties 0,543 mg/kg, in Adranita lettuce varieties 0,943 mg/kg. According to the results obtained of lettuce and head lettuce varieties irrigated from the Nilüfer River and İznik Lake water of Nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) levels were above the limits in general have given by the Turkish Food Codex. In this study; nitrite analysis is also made of the amount of nitrate in the samples taken from the whole plant has been determined that was below the limit given by Turkish Codex Alimentarius.
Description
Keywords
Marul, Ağır metal, Sulama suyu, Kirlilik, Lettuce, Heavy metal, Irrigation water, Pollution
Citation
Sarıyer, E. (2017). Bursa Bölgesinde yetiştirilen bazı marul ve baş salata çeşitlerinde sulama suyu kaynağına bağlı olarak ağır metal miktarının belirlenmesi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.