Okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının empati bölümü düzeyleri ile duygu ifade etme düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi
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Date
2023-01-04
Authors
Buntürk, Türkane
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu araştırmada; 36-72 aylık okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının duygu ifade etme düzeyleri ile empati bölümü düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu temel amaç doğrultusunda; okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının empati bölümü ve duygu ifade etme düzeylerinin, yaşına, cinsiyetine, sahip oldukları kardeş sayısına, okula devam etme süresine, anne babanın yaşına ve eğitim durumuna, aile yapısına ve ailenin algılanan sosyo-ekonomik durumuna göre farklılık gösterip göstermediği incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu; 2022-2023 eğitim öğretim yılında Bursa ili Osmangazi, Nilüfer ve Yıldırım ilçelerinde okul öncesi eğitime devam eden 36-72 aylık 501 çocuktan oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak "Çocuklar için Empati Bölümü Ölçeği, “Çocuk Duygu İfade Etme Ölçeği” ve “Demografik Bilgi Formu” Kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Kolmogrov-Smirnov testi, verilerin normal dağılımamasından dolayı ikili gruplar arasındaki karşılaştırmalarda Mann-Whitney U testi, üç veya daha fazla gruplar arasındaki karşılaştırmalarda Kruskall Wallis H Testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre, çocukların empati düzeyleri; çocuğun yaşına, cinsiyete, çocuk sayısı ve çocuk sırasına, okula devam etme süresine, algılanan sosyoekonomik düzeye, anne bana birlikte ya da ayrı olma durumuna, anne ve baba yaşına göre farklılık göstermezken, aile yapısı, anne ve baba eğitim durumu, anne çalışma durumunun empati bölümü ölçeği alt boyutları üzerinde farklılık yarattığı tespit edilmiştir. Çocukların duygu ifade etme düzeyleri; çocuk yaşına, çocuk sırasına, okula devam etme süresine, algılanan sosyo ekonomik düzeye, anne yaş ve çalışma durumuna, baba eğitim durumuna, anne ve baba birlikte ya da ayrı olma durumuna göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılık göstermemektedir. Ancak çocukların duygu ifade etme düzeyleri, cinsiyete, çocuk sayısına, aile yapısına, baba yaşı ve anne eğitim durumuna göre değişiklik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara dayanarak 36- 72 aylık okul öncesi çocukların sahip olduğu duygu ifade etme düzeyi ile empati bölümü düzeyi arasındaki ilişkiler incelendiğinde; 36-48 aylık ve 48-60 aylık okul öncesi çocuklarda duygu ifade etme ölçeği alt boyutlarından öfkeli duygu ifade etme düzeyi ile bilişsel empati ve davranışsal empati düzeyi arasında ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur. 60-72 aylık okul öncesi çocuklarda ise; duygu ifade etme ölçeği alt boyutlarından “üzgün, öfkeli” ve “korkmuş” alt boyutları ile empati bölümü ölçeği alt boyutlarından davranışsal, duygusal ve bilişsel empati düzeyleri ile arasında ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonunda bu bulgular tartışılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between 36-72 month old preschool children's level of emotion expression and their level of empathy. In accordance with this main purpose, it was determined that is there any difference accordig to preschool children's level of empathy and emotion expression according to their age, gender, number of siblings they have, duration of school attendance, age and education level of parents, family structure and perceived socio-economic status of the family. Relational survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used in the research. The study group of the research consists of 501 children aged 36-72 months who continue their pre-school education in Osmangazi, Nilüfer and Yıldırım districts of Bursa province in the 2022-2023 academic year. In the research, "Empathy Section Scale for Children", "Child Emotional Expression Scale" and "Demographic Information Form" were used as data collection tools. Kolmogrov-Smirnov test was used in the analysis of the data, Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparisons between paired groups due to the non-normal distribution of the data, and Kruskall Wallis H Test was used for comparisons between three or more groups. According to the findings obtained in the study, it was seen that the empathy levels of the children did not differ according to the age of the child, gender, number of children and the order of the children, the duration of attending school, the perceived socioeconomic level, the state of being together or apart from the mother and the age of the mother and father. However, it was determined that family structure, mother and father education level, mother's working status made a difference on the empathy section scale sub-dimensions. Children's emotional expression levels do not differ significantly according to the age of the child, the order of the children, the duration of school attendance, the perceived socio-economic level, the age and working status of the mother, the education level of the father, and whether the mother and father are together or apart. However, it has been determined that children's levels of expressing emotions vary according to gender, number of children, family structure, father's age and mother's education level. Based on the findings obtained from the study, the relations between the level of emotion expression of 36-72 month-old preschool children and the level of empathy were examined. As a result of the examination, it was found that there is a relationship between the level of expressing angry emotion, which is one of the sub-dimensions of the emotion expression scale, and cognitive empathy and behavioral empathy levels in preschool children aged 36-48 months and 48-60 months. In the 60-72 month old preschool children, it was determined that there was a relationship between the sub-dimensions of the emotion expression scale "sad, angry" and "scared" and the behavioral, emotional and cognitive empathy levels of the empathy section scale sub-dimensions. At the end of the research, these findings were discussed and suggestions were made.
In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between 36-72 month old preschool children's level of emotion expression and their level of empathy. In accordance with this main purpose, it was determined that is there any difference accordig to preschool children's level of empathy and emotion expression according to their age, gender, number of siblings they have, duration of school attendance, age and education level of parents, family structure and perceived socio-economic status of the family. Relational survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used in the research. The study group of the research consists of 501 children aged 36-72 months who continue their pre-school education in Osmangazi, Nilüfer and Yıldırım districts of Bursa province in the 2022-2023 academic year. In the research, "Empathy Section Scale for Children", "Child Emotional Expression Scale" and "Demographic Information Form" were used as data collection tools. Kolmogrov-Smirnov test was used in the analysis of the data, Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparisons between paired groups due to the non-normal distribution of the data, and Kruskall Wallis H Test was used for comparisons between three or more groups. According to the findings obtained in the study, it was seen that the empathy levels of the children did not differ according to the age of the child, gender, number of children and the order of the children, the duration of attending school, the perceived socioeconomic level, the state of being together or apart from the mother and the age of the mother and father. However, it was determined that family structure, mother and father education level, mother's working status made a difference on the empathy section scale sub-dimensions. Children's emotional expression levels do not differ significantly according to the age of the child, the order of the children, the duration of school attendance, the perceived socio-economic level, the age and working status of the mother, the education level of the father, and whether the mother and father are together or apart. However, it has been determined that children's levels of expressing emotions vary according to gender, number of children, family structure, father's age and mother's education level. Based on the findings obtained from the study, the relations between the level of emotion expression of 36-72 month-old preschool children and the level of empathy were examined. As a result of the examination, it was found that there is a relationship between the level of expressing angry emotion, which is one of the sub-dimensions of the emotion expression scale, and cognitive empathy and behavioral empathy levels in preschool children aged 36-48 months and 48-60 months. In the 60-72 month old preschool children, it was determined that there was a relationship between the sub-dimensions of the emotion expression scale "sad, angry" and "scared" and the behavioral, emotional and cognitive empathy levels of the empathy section scale sub-dimensions. At the end of the research, these findings were discussed and suggestions were made.
Description
Keywords
Duygu, Duygu ifade etme, Empati, Çocuk empati, Okul öncesi çocuk, Emotion, Emotion expression, Empathy, Child empathy, Preschool children
Citation
Buntürk, T. (2023). Okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının empati bölümü düzeyleri ile duygu ifade etme düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü.