Bursa ekolojik koşullarında yetiştirilen reyhan (Ocimum basilicum L.) bitkisinde çiçeklenme periyodu boyunca tarımsal özellikler ile uçucu yağ oranı ve bileşenlerindeki değişimlerin belirlenmesi
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Date
2022-03-15
Authors
Akı, Kader
Journal Title
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Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu araştırma reyhan (Ocimum basilicum L.) bitkisinde farklı gelişme dönemlerinde tarımsal özellikler ile uçucu yağ oran ve bileşenleri bakımından meydana gelen değişimin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2019 yılında yürütülmüştür. Araştırma Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarımsal Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi deneme alanlarında tesadüf bloklarında faktöriyel deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Denemede çiçeklenme periyodunun aşamaları ele alınmış ve 6 farklı dönem incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla çiçeklenme başlangıcından başlamak üzere 10 gün aralar ile 2 biçim yapılmıştır. Ele alınan gelişme dönemlerine göre bitki boyu 31,39-55,82 cm, habitus genişliği 18,67-31,88 cm, çiçek boyu 5,85-20,14 cm, toplam olarak yeşil herba verimi 751,44-2592,92 kg/da, kuru herba verimi 101.81-503.04 kg/da, kuru yaprak verimi 77,99-169,90 kg/da, kuru çiçek verimi 3,56-230,37 kg/da, kuru sap verimi 23,27-146,42 kg/da, yaprakta uçucu yağ verimi 0,13-0,85 kg/da, çiçekte uçucu yağ verimi 0,06-2,25 kg/da, ve sapta uçucu yağ verimi 0,02-0,07 kg/da olarak belirlenmiştir. Uçucu yağ oranları yaprakta % 0,46-0,63, çiçekte % 0,69-1,77 ve sapta % 0,038-0,082 arasında kaydedilmiştir. Gelişme dönemlerine göre yaprak ve çiçek uçucu yağındaki ana bileşenleri linalool, b-elemen, öjenol ve 1,8 sineol oluşturmuştur. Genel olarak incelenen tüm özelliklerde 1. biçimler 2. biçimlere göre daha yüksek değerlere sahip olmuştur. Araştırmanın sonucunda genel olarak incelenen verim özellikleri bakımından 3. ve 4. gelişme dönemlerinin öne çıktığı belirlenmiş, dönemlerin ilerlemesi ile yaprakta uçucu yağ oranının 1. biçimlerde 2.biçimlere göre daha fazla olduğu, çiçek ve sapta uçucu yağ oranının ise hem 1. hem de 2. biçimlerde azaldığı kaydedilmiştir.
This research was carried out to determine the changes in the agricultural characteristics, essential oil ratio and components of the basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) at different growth periods in 2019. The field trial was established according to factorial arragement in randomized complete block design with three replications in the Agricultural Application and Research Center, Agricultural Faculty, Bursa Uludağ University. In the experiment, the stages of the flowering period were investigated and 6 different periods were examined. For this purpose, starting from the beginning of flowering, 2 harvest were made with 10-day intervals. As a result of this research, plant height, plant diameter, flower spike size, green herb, dry herb,dry leaf,dry flower, dry stem yield as total, essential oil yield in leaf, flower and stem as total between 31,39-55,82 cm, 18,67-31,88 cm, 5,85-20,14 cm, 751,44-2592,92 kg/da, 101.81-503.04 kg/da, 77,99-169,90 kg/da, 3,56-230,37 kg/da, 23,27-146,42 kg/da, 0,13-0,85 kg/da, 0,06-2,25 kg/da and 0,02-0,07 kg/da were determined. Essential oil ratios were recorded between 0.46-0.63% in the leaf, 0.69-1.77 % in the flower and 0.038-0.082 % in the stem. Linalool, b-element, eugenol and 1,8 cineol were the main components in essential oil.Generally, the 1st harvest had higher values than the 2nd harvest in all the properties examined. As a result of this research, it was determined that the 3rd and 4th periods came to the fore in terms of examined yield characteristics in general.It was noted that the content of essential oil in leaves was higher in the 1stharvest than in the 2ndharvest, while the essential oil content in the flower and stem decreased in both 1st and 2nd harvests with the progression of the periods.
This research was carried out to determine the changes in the agricultural characteristics, essential oil ratio and components of the basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) at different growth periods in 2019. The field trial was established according to factorial arragement in randomized complete block design with three replications in the Agricultural Application and Research Center, Agricultural Faculty, Bursa Uludağ University. In the experiment, the stages of the flowering period were investigated and 6 different periods were examined. For this purpose, starting from the beginning of flowering, 2 harvest were made with 10-day intervals. As a result of this research, plant height, plant diameter, flower spike size, green herb, dry herb,dry leaf,dry flower, dry stem yield as total, essential oil yield in leaf, flower and stem as total between 31,39-55,82 cm, 18,67-31,88 cm, 5,85-20,14 cm, 751,44-2592,92 kg/da, 101.81-503.04 kg/da, 77,99-169,90 kg/da, 3,56-230,37 kg/da, 23,27-146,42 kg/da, 0,13-0,85 kg/da, 0,06-2,25 kg/da and 0,02-0,07 kg/da were determined. Essential oil ratios were recorded between 0.46-0.63% in the leaf, 0.69-1.77 % in the flower and 0.038-0.082 % in the stem. Linalool, b-element, eugenol and 1,8 cineol were the main components in essential oil.Generally, the 1st harvest had higher values than the 2nd harvest in all the properties examined. As a result of this research, it was determined that the 3rd and 4th periods came to the fore in terms of examined yield characteristics in general.It was noted that the content of essential oil in leaves was higher in the 1stharvest than in the 2ndharvest, while the essential oil content in the flower and stem decreased in both 1st and 2nd harvests with the progression of the periods.
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Keywords
Reyhan, Ocimum basilicum L., Uçucu yağ oranı, Gelişme dönemleri, Verim, Uçucu yağ bileşenleri, Basil, Different plant growth stages, Yield, Eessential oil, Content, Essentil oil components
Citation
Akı, K. (2022). Bursa ekolojik koşullarında yetiştirilen reyhan (Ocimum basilicum L.) bitkisinde çiçeklenme periyodu boyunca tarımsal özellikler ile uçucu yağ oranı ve bileşenlerindeki değişimlerin belirlenmesi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.