Hz. Muhammed’in peygamberliğini kabul eden yahudi âlim: Natanel ben Feyyûmî
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Date
2020-12-25
Authors
Meral, Yasin
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Natanel ben Feyyûmî, 12. yüzyıl Yemen Yahudi cemaatinin liderlerinden olup Bustânu’l-Ukûlisimli eseri günümüze ulaşmıştır. Feyyûmî, bu eserinde Allah’ın birliği, ona ibadet, ahiret, tövbe ve Mesih’in gelişi gibi farklı konulardan bahsetmektedir. Müellif, ayrıca Tevrat’ın neshedilmediğini ve geçerliliğini koruduğunu vurgulamaktadır. O, bunu yaparken Kur’an ayetlerine müracaat etmektedir. Müellifin üzerinde durduğu hususlardan birisi de Tanrı’nın her dönemde her topluluk için bir rehber göndermesidir. Bu çerçevede o, Hz. Muhammed’i Tanrı tarafından Araplara gönderilmiş bir peygamber olarak görmektedir. Hz. Muhammed’in risaletinin Araplarla sınırlı olduğunu iddia eden Feyyûmî, Yahudilerin Hz. Muhammed’in getirdiği şeriata inanmak zorunda olmadıklarını belirtmektedir. Müellif, bu iddiasını destekleme adına Kur’an’dan ayetler paylaşmakta ve Hz. Muhammed’in sadece Araplara gönderildiğini ispatlamaya çalışmaktadır. Feyyûmî, Yahudi geleneğinde Hz. Muhammed’in Allah tarafından gönderilen bir peygamber olduğunu kabul eden istisnai bir kişilik olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Günümüz araştırmacıları Feyyûmî’nin bu düşüncesinin temelinde İsmailî düşüncenin etkisi olduğunu düşünmektedir. Zira İsmailî düşünceye göre Allah her dönemde her millete bir peygamber veya rehber göndermektedir. Bu çerçevede Hz. Muhammed de Araplara gönderilmiş ve peygamberliği sadece Araplar için geçerli bir peygamberdir.
Natanel ben Fayyūmīis one of the leaders of the 12th century Yemen Jewish community, and his work Bustānu'l-Ukūl has survived to the present day. In this work, Fayyūmītalks about different issues such as the unity of God, the worship, the hereafter, the repentance, and thecoming of the Messiah. The author also emphasizes that the Torah is not abrogated and keeps its validity. While doing this, he refers to the Quranic verses. One of the points the author emphasizes is that Godsends a guide for every community in every period. In this framework, he sees Muhammad as a prophet sent by Godto the Arabs. Claiming that Muhammad's prophethood was limited to Arabs, Fayyūmīsaid that the Jews have no necessity to believe the shariah brought by Muhammad. The author shares verses from the Quran to support this claim, and he tries to prove that Muhammad was sent only to the Arabs. Fayyūmī, in the Jewish tradition, emerges as an exceptional personality who accepts that Muhammad is a prophet sent by God. Today's researchers think that the basis of the thought of Fayyūmīis the influence of Ismaili thought. Indeed, the Ismaili thought claims that God sends a prophet or a guide to every nation in every period. In this context, Muhammad was sent to the Arabs, and his prophethood is valid only for Arabs.
Natanel ben Fayyūmīis one of the leaders of the 12th century Yemen Jewish community, and his work Bustānu'l-Ukūl has survived to the present day. In this work, Fayyūmītalks about different issues such as the unity of God, the worship, the hereafter, the repentance, and thecoming of the Messiah. The author also emphasizes that the Torah is not abrogated and keeps its validity. While doing this, he refers to the Quranic verses. One of the points the author emphasizes is that Godsends a guide for every community in every period. In this framework, he sees Muhammad as a prophet sent by Godto the Arabs. Claiming that Muhammad's prophethood was limited to Arabs, Fayyūmīsaid that the Jews have no necessity to believe the shariah brought by Muhammad. The author shares verses from the Quran to support this claim, and he tries to prove that Muhammad was sent only to the Arabs. Fayyūmī, in the Jewish tradition, emerges as an exceptional personality who accepts that Muhammad is a prophet sent by God. Today's researchers think that the basis of the thought of Fayyūmīis the influence of Ismaili thought. Indeed, the Ismaili thought claims that God sends a prophet or a guide to every nation in every period. In this context, Muhammad was sent to the Arabs, and his prophethood is valid only for Arabs.
Description
Keywords
Natanel ben Feyyûmî, İsrailoğulları, Tevrat, Hz. Muhammed, Kur’an, Children of Israel, Torah, Prophet Muhammad, Qur’an
Citation
Meral, Y. (2020). "Hz. Muhammed’in peygamberliğini kabul eden yahudi âlim: Natanel ben Feyyûmî." Oksident, 2(2), 261-267.