Mutezile kelâmında keramet
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Date
2017-11-23
Authors
Bektaş, Kevser
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Kelâm literatüründe kerametin imkânı konusu, mucizeyle aynı mahiyete sahip olması hasebiyle tartışma konusu olmuştur. Peygamberin insanlar için öneminin aşikâr ve peygamberin bilinmesini sağlayan yegâne unsurun da mucize olması, kerametin varlığının mucizeye zarar vereceği endişesini anlaşılabilir kılmaktadır. Bu konu, özellikle Behşemiyye ve Hüseyniyye olarak iki etkin ekole ayrılan geç dönem Muutezile arasında tartışılmış ve iki ekol birbirinden farklı görüşler ortaya koymuştur. Nitekim kerametin imkânı ve vukuu, iki ekol arasında çok sayıdaki ihtilaflı meselelerden birisini teşkil etmiştir. Bu çalışmada, yaygın biçimde kabul edilen Mutezile'nin bütünüyle kerameti reddettiğine ilişkin anlayışın aksine, Mutezile'nin bu konuda yeknesak bir tavrının olmadığı ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmıştır. Dolayısıyla, öncelikle genel kelâm literatüründe olağanüstü olay kavramının konumu incelenmiş ve buna ek olarak Mutezile'nin olağanüstü olaylara ve keramete bakış açısı üzerinde durulmuştur. Daha sonra iki bölüm halinde Behşemiyye'nin kerameti reddine dair delilleri ve Hüseyniyye'nin bunlara yönelttiği eleştiriler üzerinden kerametin imkânı meselesi detaylı bir biçimde tartışılmıştır.
The possibility of the saintly miracles (karāma) has always been a matter of debate in Kalām literature as it is almost identical with miracle (mu'jiza). Since the prominence of the prophet is obvious and the miracle is the only way to recognize a prophet, the concern about the idea that the existence of the saintly miracles can harm miracle seems quite reasonable. The issue has been elaborately discussed especially among the late Mu'tazila which had been divided into two main dominant schools called Bahshamiyya and Husayniyya and each one of them held different views from the other. Therefore, the possibility and occurrence of saintly miracles had been one of the many controversial issues between these two schools. This study attempts to demonstrate that the Mu'tazila has no uniform view about the subject even though it has been widely accepted that Mu'tazila denies the saintly miracles at all. Accordingly, first, the position of extraordinary events in Kalām literature was investigated in general. In addition, the saintly miracles and the extraordinary events were discussed from the perspective of the Mu'tazila. In the last two chapters, the possibility of the saintly miracles has been elaborated in detail through the arguments of Bahshamiyya for the refutation of the saintly miracles and the objections of Husayniyya to them.
The possibility of the saintly miracles (karāma) has always been a matter of debate in Kalām literature as it is almost identical with miracle (mu'jiza). Since the prominence of the prophet is obvious and the miracle is the only way to recognize a prophet, the concern about the idea that the existence of the saintly miracles can harm miracle seems quite reasonable. The issue has been elaborately discussed especially among the late Mu'tazila which had been divided into two main dominant schools called Bahshamiyya and Husayniyya and each one of them held different views from the other. Therefore, the possibility and occurrence of saintly miracles had been one of the many controversial issues between these two schools. This study attempts to demonstrate that the Mu'tazila has no uniform view about the subject even though it has been widely accepted that Mu'tazila denies the saintly miracles at all. Accordingly, first, the position of extraordinary events in Kalām literature was investigated in general. In addition, the saintly miracles and the extraordinary events were discussed from the perspective of the Mu'tazila. In the last two chapters, the possibility of the saintly miracles has been elaborated in detail through the arguments of Bahshamiyya for the refutation of the saintly miracles and the objections of Husayniyya to them.
Description
Keywords
Mutezile, Behşemiyye, Hüseyniyye, Keramet, Olağanüstü olay, Mutazila, Bahshamiyya, Husayniyya, Saintly miracle (karama), Miraculous events
Citation
Bektaş, K. (2017). Mutezile kelâmında keramet. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.