Kant felsefesinde metafizik ve insan doğası
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Date
2005
Authors
Ketenci, Taşkıner
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Kant'a göre insan türünün metafiziğe "doğal bir eğilim"i vardır . Yani insan türünün üyeleri ellerinde olmaksızın dünyanın ötesinde bulunan nesneler olarak Tanrıyı , ruhun ölümsüzlüğünü ve özgürlüğü tasarlar ve bunların kendisinin bilgisini ortaya koymak isterler. Oysa insanın bilme yetilerini oluşturan duyusallık ve anlama yetisi yalnızca deney alanı için kullanılabilirler. Dolayısıyla, fizik-ötesi nesnelerin bilimi olanak sızdır. Kant'a göre aklın metafiziğin nesneleri olan ideleri üretmesinin bilgisel değil, ahlaksal bir amacı vardır. Yani insan, dünyadaki sonlu varoluşunu Tanrı, ruh ve özgürlük ideleri ile güvence altına almak ister. Metafizik, insanın sonlu varoluşunun bilincinden ve bu varoluşu güvence altına almak isteğinden doğar.
According to Kant, human species has a "natural tendency" to metaphysics. That is, members of human species unintentionally imagine the God, the eternity of soul and freedom as objects being beyond the world, and want to have their own knowledge. But, sensuousness and understanding which are the faculties of knowledge can only be used in the sphere of experience. Hence, the science of mela-physical objects is not possible. According to Kant, the reason produces ideas which are the objects of metaphysics not with an epistemological aim but rather with an eıhical aim. That means, a human being wants to guarantee its finite existence in this world by the ideas of God, soul and freedom. Metaphysics is home from the consciousness of humans' finite existence and their wish to guarantee this way of existence.
According to Kant, human species has a "natural tendency" to metaphysics. That is, members of human species unintentionally imagine the God, the eternity of soul and freedom as objects being beyond the world, and want to have their own knowledge. But, sensuousness and understanding which are the faculties of knowledge can only be used in the sphere of experience. Hence, the science of mela-physical objects is not possible. According to Kant, the reason produces ideas which are the objects of metaphysics not with an epistemological aim but rather with an eıhical aim. That means, a human being wants to guarantee its finite existence in this world by the ideas of God, soul and freedom. Metaphysics is home from the consciousness of humans' finite existence and their wish to guarantee this way of existence.
Description
Keywords
Kant, Akıl, Anlama yetisi ahlaksallık, Metafizik, Reason, Understanding, Morality, Metaphysics
Citation
Ketenci, T. (2005). "Kant felsefesinde metafizik ve insan doğası". Kaygı. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, 4, 92-103.