Endülüs bilim hayatında Yahudiler
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Date
2009
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
VIII. asrın başlarında İslam ordusunun İber yarımadasını fethettiği esnada bölgede yaşayan halklardan birisi de Yahudilerdi. Hıristiyan hâkimiyeti altında iken oldukça zor şartlarda yaşayan Yahudiler, Endülüs Müslümanlarının hoşgörülerinden oldukça memnun olmuşlar ve kimliklerini rahatlıkla ifade edebilmişlerdir. Kısa sürede Endülüs kültürüne adapte olan Yahudiler Endülüs medeniyetinin bir parçası olarak, yaptıkları bilimsel çalışmalarla Avrupa’nın İslam ve bilimle tanışmasına yardımcı olmuşlardır. Süryani mütercimlerin Yunan mirasını İslam medeniyetine aktarmada oynadıkları rolün bir benzerini Endülüslü Yahudi mütercimler oynamış ve yaptıkları çevirilerle İslam bilgi birikimini Avrupa’ya taşımışlardır. Ortaçağ Batı dünyası, bir yandan tercüme edilen felsefe ve bilim eserleri ile özgür düşünce ve bilimsel çalışmayı öğrenmiş, diğer taraftan da şerhler vasıtasıyla Müslüman düşünürlerin teoloji ile metafiziği birleştirme metodunu öğrenmiştir.
While Islamic Armies conquered the Iberian Peninsula at the beginning of 8th Century, Jews were living there besides other peoples. Living under difficult conditions during Christian reign, 510 they were pleased with the tolerance of Muslims and got the chance to express themselves freely. They easily adapted themselves to Andalusian culture and, moreover, by their scientific works as a part of Andalusian civilization they contributed to Europe to be acquainted with Islam and Islamic science. Jewish translators in Andalusia played a role similar to Syrians’ which they translated Greek cultural heritage into Islamic civilization. By their translations, Islamic knowledge was transferred to Europe. So that, Western world, on the one hand, attained free thinking and scientific study, on the other had, via commentaries of scientific works, they took as an example the way Muslim and Jewish thinkers combined the theology and metaphysic.
While Islamic Armies conquered the Iberian Peninsula at the beginning of 8th Century, Jews were living there besides other peoples. Living under difficult conditions during Christian reign, 510 they were pleased with the tolerance of Muslims and got the chance to express themselves freely. They easily adapted themselves to Andalusian culture and, moreover, by their scientific works as a part of Andalusian civilization they contributed to Europe to be acquainted with Islam and Islamic science. Jewish translators in Andalusia played a role similar to Syrians’ which they translated Greek cultural heritage into Islamic civilization. By their translations, Islamic knowledge was transferred to Europe. So that, Western world, on the one hand, attained free thinking and scientific study, on the other had, via commentaries of scientific works, they took as an example the way Muslim and Jewish thinkers combined the theology and metaphysic.
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Keywords
Endülüs, Yahudiler, Ortaçağ İspanyası, al-Andalus, Jews, Medieval Spain
Citation
Yıldız, Ş. (2009). "Endülüs bilim hayatında yahudiler". Uludağ Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1), 509-528.