Antik Çağ'da Doğu-Batı mücadelesi kapsamında Roma-Part ilişkileri
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Date
2020-06-10
Authors
Tosun, Serhat Pir
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
MÖ 92 yılında başlayan Roma-Part ilişkileri MÖ 53 yılına kadar dostane bir şekilde devam etmiş, ancak MÖ I. yüzyılda ortaya çıkan Armenia problemi nedeniyle ilişkiler bozulmuştur. MÖ 53 yılında Syria'ya proconsul olarak atanan Romalı General Marcus Licinius Crassus, bir süre sonra Part seferi hazırlıklarına başlamıştır. MÖ 53 yılında sefere çıkan Crassus, Carrhae'de büyük bir hezimete uğramış, kendisi ve oğlu öldürülmüş, lejyon sancağı Part ordusu tarafından ele geçirilmiştir. Roma, bu hezimeti hiçbir zaman unutmamıştır. Roma'da MÖ 27 yılında imparatorluk idaresinin kurulmasının ardından Roma-Part ilişkileri farklı boyutlara taşınmıştır. İmparator Augustus'tan Nero'ya kadar olan dönemde Romalılarla Partlar arasında küçük çaplı savaşlar yaşansa da genellikle Euphrates (=Fırat Nehri) iki devlet arasında sınır olarak kabul edilmiştir. İmparator Nero döneminde Corbulo ile Roma, Armenia'da üstünlüğünü kabul ettirmiştir. İmparator Traianus ise Partlara karşı büyük bir sefer düzenlemiş ve Part başkentlerini ele geçirmiştir. Traianus'un bu başarılarının ardından Senatus kendisine Parthicus Maximus unvanını vermiştir. Antik kaynaklar, yazıtlar, sikkeler ve Babil arşivlerinden yararlanarak hazırladığımız bu tezde Roma-Part ilişkilerinin temelinde yatan nedenleri bulmayı amaçladık.
Roman-Parth relations that started in 92 BC had continued amicably until 53 BC. Due to the Armenia Question these relationships have been disrupted. In 53 BC, Marcus Licinius Crassus was appointed as a proconsul to Syria. After Crassus was appointed as a proconsul to Syria he started preparations for a Parth campaign. In 53 BC, in Carrhae, Crassus suffered a great crush, Crassus and his son were killed and the legion standards was captured by the Parthian army. Rome has never forgotten this defeat in 53 BC. After the establishment of the Imperial administration in Rome in 27 BC Rome-Parth relations were moved to different extend. Although battles were fought between the Roman Empire and the Part Empire in the period between Emperor Augustus and Emperor Nero Euphrates accepted as a boundary. Roman Empire in the reign of Emperor Nero achieved superiority in Armenia. When the Roman Emperor Traianus had a great campaign to the Parthian Empire and took over the capitals of the Parthian Empire Senatus had gave him the title of Parthicus Maximus. In this study, which we prepared by using ancient sources, inscriptions, coins and Babylonian archives, we tried to find the underlying causes of the Roman-Parthian relations.
Roman-Parth relations that started in 92 BC had continued amicably until 53 BC. Due to the Armenia Question these relationships have been disrupted. In 53 BC, Marcus Licinius Crassus was appointed as a proconsul to Syria. After Crassus was appointed as a proconsul to Syria he started preparations for a Parth campaign. In 53 BC, in Carrhae, Crassus suffered a great crush, Crassus and his son were killed and the legion standards was captured by the Parthian army. Rome has never forgotten this defeat in 53 BC. After the establishment of the Imperial administration in Rome in 27 BC Rome-Parth relations were moved to different extend. Although battles were fought between the Roman Empire and the Part Empire in the period between Emperor Augustus and Emperor Nero Euphrates accepted as a boundary. Roman Empire in the reign of Emperor Nero achieved superiority in Armenia. When the Roman Emperor Traianus had a great campaign to the Parthian Empire and took over the capitals of the Parthian Empire Senatus had gave him the title of Parthicus Maximus. In this study, which we prepared by using ancient sources, inscriptions, coins and Babylonian archives, we tried to find the underlying causes of the Roman-Parthian relations.
Description
Keywords
Roma, Part, Armenia meselesi, Parthicus, Rome, Parthia, Armenia question, Parthicus
Citation
Tosun, S. P. (2020). Antik Çağ'da Doğu-Batı mücadelesi kapsamında Roma-Part ilişkileri. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.