Yahudilikte Ketuba
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Date
2020
Authors
İçten, Erdinç
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Yahudilik, evlilik olgusuna Tanrı'nın bir emri olarak bakmaktadır. Böylece evlilik kutsal bir sorumluluk, çoğalma ve toplumun oluşması için gerekli bir hâle dönüşmektedir. Bir eş bulma ve ailenin önemi hakkında gerek yazılı kültürde gerekse sözlü kültürde kaynaklar doğrultusunda bazı sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Yahudilikte tarih boyunca evliliğe özel bir önem verilmiş, bunun devamı için bazı kurallar geliştirilmiştir. Evlilik, birçok aşamadan oluşmaktadır. Söz, nişan ve nikâh birlikteliğinde dinî değerler ön planda tutulmuştur. Yahudilik açısından belki de en eski ve önemli kurallardan biri olan evlilik öncesi sözleşme denilebilecek ketuba araştırılarak günümüze kadarki seyri ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Özellikle ilk dönemlerde Şetar Kiduşin-Ketuba arasındaki farklar ve benzerlikler gösterilmeye gayret edilmiştir. Ketuba ile ilişkili kavramlardan mohar (mehir), mattan (geline verilen gönüllü hediyeler), mulug (gelinin kendine ait malları) ve çeyiz analiz edilerek evlilik sözleşmesi ile olan yakınlığı araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca kadının ketubadan kaynaklanan hakları çerçevesinde dul kalması halinde hem kendisinin hem çocuklarının mirastan faydalanma koşulları ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Son olarak Yahudilikte boşanma sonucu kadının ketubasının ödenmesi ve elde ettiği haklar bağlamında çeşitli değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur.
Judaism regards marriage as a commandment of God. Thus, marriage becomes a sacred responsibility, reproduction and a necessary condition for the formation of society. Some conclusions about the importance of finding a spouse and the family have been reached both in written and oral culture. Throughout history, particular importance has been given to marriage in Judaism, and some rules have been developed to continue this. Marriage consists of several stages. Religious values are prioritized in the combination of words, engagements and weddings. In terms of Judaism, one of the oldest and most important rules, ketuba which can be called as premarital contract, has been searched and tried to reveal its course up to today. Especially in the early periods, differences and similarities between Şetar Kiduşin-Ketuba have been tried to be shown. The concepts related to Ketuba, mohar (mehir), mattan (voluntary gifts given to the bride), mulug (own goods of the bride) and dowry were analyzed and their proximity to the marriage contract was investigated. In addition, in the event that a woman becomes a widow within the framework of her rights arising from the ketuba, both her and her children 's inheritance conditions are tried to be put forward. Finally, various evaluations have been made in the context of the payment of the woman's ketubas as a result of divorce in Judaism and the rights she has gained.
Judaism regards marriage as a commandment of God. Thus, marriage becomes a sacred responsibility, reproduction and a necessary condition for the formation of society. Some conclusions about the importance of finding a spouse and the family have been reached both in written and oral culture. Throughout history, particular importance has been given to marriage in Judaism, and some rules have been developed to continue this. Marriage consists of several stages. Religious values are prioritized in the combination of words, engagements and weddings. In terms of Judaism, one of the oldest and most important rules, ketuba which can be called as premarital contract, has been searched and tried to reveal its course up to today. Especially in the early periods, differences and similarities between Şetar Kiduşin-Ketuba have been tried to be shown. The concepts related to Ketuba, mohar (mehir), mattan (voluntary gifts given to the bride), mulug (own goods of the bride) and dowry were analyzed and their proximity to the marriage contract was investigated. In addition, in the event that a woman becomes a widow within the framework of her rights arising from the ketuba, both her and her children 's inheritance conditions are tried to be put forward. Finally, various evaluations have been made in the context of the payment of the woman's ketubas as a result of divorce in Judaism and the rights she has gained.
Description
Keywords
Ketuba, Şetar Kiduşin, Yahudilikte evlilik, Mohar, Mattan, Mulug, Çeyiz, Marriage in judaism, Dowry
Citation
İçten, E. (2020). Yahudilikte Ketuba. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.