Mehmet Ziya’nın gözüyle antik dönemde Bursa ve çevresi (Eleştirel bir bakış)
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Date
2011-01-12
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bursa ve yöresi Neolitik dönemden itibaren iskana uğramış bir bölgedir. Ünlü coğrafyacı Strabo’ya (M.Ö. 64-M.S. 21) göre bölge Trakya kökenli Bithynler tarafından iskan edilmiş ve bu nedenle daha sonraki dönemde de Bithynia olarak adlandırılmıştır. Bithynia bölgesi önce Lidya Krallığına daha sonra M.Ö. 546 yılında da Perslerin Anadolu Satraplığına bağlanmıştır. Büyük İskender’in M.Ö. 334’deki Granikos Muharebesinde Persleri yenmesiyle tüm Anadolu gibi Bithynia da Makedonya İmparatorluğu’nun parçası durumuna gelmiştir. İskender’in ölümünden sonra generalleri arasındaki mücadeleler sırasında güçlenen Zipoites M.Ö. 297’de Bithynia Krallığını kurmuştur. M.Ö. 74 yılında da son Bithynia kralı IV. Nikomedes vasiyetle krallığını Roma’ya bırakmıştır. Bundan sonra Bithynia ve çevresi önce Roma, ardından Bizans ve Osmanlı hakimiyetlerine girmiştir. Bursa ve çevresinde antik dönemde Khios (=Gemlik), Nikaia (İznik), Apamea (=Mudanya) vb. gibi önemli yerleşimler bulunuyordu.
Bursa region was settled by various Thracian tribes ever since the ancient times. According to the well known geographer Strabon Bursa region was settled by the one of the Thracian tribes called Bithyns. After that time the region was called Bithynia because of this Thracian tribe. They were incorporated by king Croesus within the Lydian monarchy, with which they fell under the dominion of Persia (546 BC), and were included in the satrapy of Phrygia. But even before the conquest by Alexander the Bithynians appear to have asserted their independence, and successfully maintained it under the prince Zipoites. He assumed the title of king in 297 BC. But the last king, Nicomedes IV, was unable to maintain himself against Mithridates VI of Pontus, and, after being restored to his throne by the Roman Senate, he bequeathed his kingdom by will to the Roman republic (74 BC). In ancient times several major cities sat on the Prusa region: Cius, Apamea and Nicaea.
Bursa region was settled by various Thracian tribes ever since the ancient times. According to the well known geographer Strabon Bursa region was settled by the one of the Thracian tribes called Bithyns. After that time the region was called Bithynia because of this Thracian tribe. They were incorporated by king Croesus within the Lydian monarchy, with which they fell under the dominion of Persia (546 BC), and were included in the satrapy of Phrygia. But even before the conquest by Alexander the Bithynians appear to have asserted their independence, and successfully maintained it under the prince Zipoites. He assumed the title of king in 297 BC. But the last king, Nicomedes IV, was unable to maintain himself against Mithridates VI of Pontus, and, after being restored to his throne by the Roman Senate, he bequeathed his kingdom by will to the Roman republic (74 BC). In ancient times several major cities sat on the Prusa region: Cius, Apamea and Nicaea.
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Prusa, Bithynia, Nikaia, Apamea, Khios, Nicaea, Nicomedeia, Chios
Citation
Doğancı, K. (2011). “Mehmet Ziya’nın gözüyle antik dönemde Bursa ve çevresi (Eleştirel bir bakış)”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(21), 201-212.