Post-modern epistemoloji otopsisine karşı bilgi kuramsal bir tez: Kant-popperrorty
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Date
2019-03-15
Authors
Anlı, Ömer Faik
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu makale, epistemolojinin ölümü tezini, epistemolojinin varlık nedeni olan gerçek bir problemin var olup olmadığı temelinde tartışmaya açmaktadır. Bu tartışma iki alt konum üzerinden yürütülürken (Rorty’ye karşı Popper), epistemolojinin metinler-arası olmayan ve dil oyunlarını aşan gerçek bir probleminin var olduğu (yani Poppercı konum) savunulmaktadır. Bu savunu, özellikle bilim teorisi üzerinden geliştirilmekte ve günümüzün somut probleminin bilim problemi olduğu savlanmaktadır. Buna göre, iki karşıt konum özellikle Kant’ın epistemolojisinden hareketle farklılık göstermektedir. Bu savı çerçeveleyen meta-hipotez epistemoloji-bilgi teorisi-bilim teorisi tarihsel hattının, Kant ile birlikte çeşitlenen evrimsel bir süreç olduğudur. Kant, bu hipotezin kaynağında yer alan Popper Teorisinin genetik atasıdır. Diğer yandan, bir meta-teori olarak Rorty Teorisinin çerçevelediği epistemolojinin ölümü tezinde Kant, epistemolojinin ölümünün tarihsel kırılma anı ve hatta kanıtıdır. Popper Teorisi, epistemoloji üzerine bir meta-teori olarak kullanıldığında, iki meta-teori Kant’ta kesişmekte ve Kant üzerinden çeşitlenen kuzen-teoriler olarak konumlanabilmektedirler. Bu hipotez kabul edilerek izi sürüldüğünde, bilim problemine ilişkin bilim teorilerinin empirik içerikleri olduğu ve doğru oldukları ölçüde gerçekliğe müdahale edebilecekleri hipotezinin güçlü olduğu gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Hipotezin gücü ‘temsil’ kavramından ve pragmatizmden gelmektedir. Epistemoloji, nesnesiyle ilişkisinde evrimsel olarak dönüşen ve mevcut hali Einstein Devrimine verdiği tepki üzerinden biçimlenmiş bir metateoridir ve ‘ölmemiştir’. Ulaşılan bu ‘sonuç’, epistemoloji üzerine geliştirilebilecek bir meta-hipotezdir (en azından bu çalışma sınırlarında) ve “epistemolojinin ölümü” problemiyle ilişkili bütün bir problem ağını aydınlatma ve bu ağın büyük bir bölümüne çözüm getirme potansiyelini barındırmaktadır.
This article opens a discussion on the thesis of the death of epistemology on the basis of whether there is a real problem that is the cause of epistemology. While this discussion is carried out in two sub-positions (Popper versus Rorty), it is argued that epistemology has a real problem beyond intertextual contexts and language games. This advocacy is developed especially through the theory of science and it is argued that today's concrete problem of epistemology is a science problem. Accordingly, the two opposing positions differ in particular over Kant’s epistemology. This framework of the advocacy is based on the meta-hypothesis that the historical line of epistemology-theory of knowledge- theory of science is an evolutionary process that diversifies with Kant. Kant is the genetic ancestor of the Popper Theory at the source of this hypothesis. On the other hand, in the thesis of the death of the epistemology framed by the Rorty Theory as a meta-theory, Kant is the historical break and even proof of the death of epistemology. When the Popper Theory is used as a metatheory on epistemology, two meta-theories intersect in Kant and can be positioned as cousin-theories diversified through Kant. When this hypothesis is accepted and followed it has been tried to show that the hypothesis is very strong which argued that theories of science on science problem has empirical contents and that they can intervene in reality as long as they are true. The power of the hypothesis comes from the concept of representation and pragmatism. Epistemology is a meta-theory that has evolved evolutionarily in its relation to its object, and its current form is the response to the Einstein Revolution, and so epistemology is still alive. This result is a meta-hypothesis that can be developed on epistemology (at least at the limits of this study) and has a potential to illuminate an entire network of problems associated with the problem of the death of epistemology. Also it has a potantial to solve a large part of this network.
This article opens a discussion on the thesis of the death of epistemology on the basis of whether there is a real problem that is the cause of epistemology. While this discussion is carried out in two sub-positions (Popper versus Rorty), it is argued that epistemology has a real problem beyond intertextual contexts and language games. This advocacy is developed especially through the theory of science and it is argued that today's concrete problem of epistemology is a science problem. Accordingly, the two opposing positions differ in particular over Kant’s epistemology. This framework of the advocacy is based on the meta-hypothesis that the historical line of epistemology-theory of knowledge- theory of science is an evolutionary process that diversifies with Kant. Kant is the genetic ancestor of the Popper Theory at the source of this hypothesis. On the other hand, in the thesis of the death of the epistemology framed by the Rorty Theory as a meta-theory, Kant is the historical break and even proof of the death of epistemology. When the Popper Theory is used as a metatheory on epistemology, two meta-theories intersect in Kant and can be positioned as cousin-theories diversified through Kant. When this hypothesis is accepted and followed it has been tried to show that the hypothesis is very strong which argued that theories of science on science problem has empirical contents and that they can intervene in reality as long as they are true. The power of the hypothesis comes from the concept of representation and pragmatism. Epistemology is a meta-theory that has evolved evolutionarily in its relation to its object, and its current form is the response to the Einstein Revolution, and so epistemology is still alive. This result is a meta-hypothesis that can be developed on epistemology (at least at the limits of this study) and has a potential to illuminate an entire network of problems associated with the problem of the death of epistemology. Also it has a potantial to solve a large part of this network.
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Keywords
Epistemoloji, Kant, Rorty, Popper, Temsil, Pragmatizm, Epistemology, Representation, Pragmatism
Citation
Anlı, Ö. F. (2019). "Post-modern epistemoloji otopsisine karşı bilgi kuramsal bir tez: Kant-popperrorty". Kaygı. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, 18(1), 75-113.