Walter Benjamin’in mistisizmi ile tasavvuf felsefesine bir bakış
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Date
2015
Authors
Soya, Harun Reşit
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu makalede orijinal bir mistik yoruma sahip olan W. Benjamin’in düşüncelerinden hareketle Tasavvuf Felsefesine bakabilmenin yolları aranacaktır. Benjamin’in düşüncesindeki orijinallik; Sanayi devrimiyle birlikte Kıta Avrupası’nda gerçekleşen, köklü kültürel değişikliklerin etkilerini ve daha sonra tanıştığı Marksizm’i, Yahudi mistik geleneğiyle harmanlamasından gelmektedir. Bahsedilen orijinallik, aynı zamanda Benjamin’in tam olarak anlaşılması veya bu makalede olduğu gibi onu tek bir yönden ele almak adına çeşitli zorluklar doğurur. Mistik yönünü kıyaslarken, onu tam bir mistik gibi göstermek ya da materyalist görüşlerinin art alanında bulunan mistisizmini gözden kaçırmak Benjamin’e adeta bir ihanet olacaktır. Bu yüzden bir kıyasa girmeden önce Benjamin’in mistisizmini açık bir şekilde ortaya koyabilmek için felsefesini ve yaşama şeklini açıklamak gerekir. Tarih, hukuk ve dil felsefesi hakkındaki görüşlerinden, esrar deneyimine; yazma ve yaşama şeklinden, sıklıkla kullandığı (aura, flaneur, hikâye anlatıcısı vb.) kavramlarına kadar, onun mistik yönünü anlaşılabilir kılacak her noktasına değinilmeye çalışılacaktır. İçinde Marksist söylemler bulunan ve başta Sufi geleneğe çok aykırı görünen düşünme şekliyle Tasavvufu bir arada okuma çabası, kabaca Yahudi ve İslam mistisizmlerini karşılaştırmak olmayacaktır. Peygamber-devrimci, cennet-komünizm gibi kıyaslamaların sıklıkla yapıldığı bu dönemde, daha fazla ortak nokta keşfetme umudu bu makalenin çıkış noktası olmuştur.
This article is trying to find the means of discussing Sufi Philosophy with the light shed by W. Benjamin, who has an original mystical interpretation. The originality of Benjamin’s idea is formed by the synthesis of the effects of radical cultural changes derived from the Industrial Revolution which occurred in Continental Europe and the Marxism with the Jewish mystical tradition. The ‘originality’ that is in question gives birth to various difficulties for understanding Benjamin precisely or discussing it in only one aspect. Revealing him as a complete mystic or ignoring the mysticism in the background of his materialistic views would be almost betraying Benjamin when comparing his mystical aspect. For this reason, before making a comparison it is needed to explain Benjamin’s philosophy and the way he lived in order to put forward his mysticism explicitly. Each of the subjects, from his views on the philosophies of history, law and language to his experience on weed, or, from the way he wrote and lived to the notions he often used (aura, flaneur, story teller, etc.), that could make his mystical side comprehensible is to be touched and then some response to be sought for all in Sufi Philosophy. As in all of the mystical traditions, the tendency to give weight to practice more than theory may well find a response in Benjamin’s thoughts which are directly influenced from the life itself and aim to give it a shape at the same time. However; melancholic state of mind, hope for the future, and inspirations of being ecstatic are automatically to gain prominence so as to correlate with the Sufism.
This article is trying to find the means of discussing Sufi Philosophy with the light shed by W. Benjamin, who has an original mystical interpretation. The originality of Benjamin’s idea is formed by the synthesis of the effects of radical cultural changes derived from the Industrial Revolution which occurred in Continental Europe and the Marxism with the Jewish mystical tradition. The ‘originality’ that is in question gives birth to various difficulties for understanding Benjamin precisely or discussing it in only one aspect. Revealing him as a complete mystic or ignoring the mysticism in the background of his materialistic views would be almost betraying Benjamin when comparing his mystical aspect. For this reason, before making a comparison it is needed to explain Benjamin’s philosophy and the way he lived in order to put forward his mysticism explicitly. Each of the subjects, from his views on the philosophies of history, law and language to his experience on weed, or, from the way he wrote and lived to the notions he often used (aura, flaneur, story teller, etc.), that could make his mystical side comprehensible is to be touched and then some response to be sought for all in Sufi Philosophy. As in all of the mystical traditions, the tendency to give weight to practice more than theory may well find a response in Benjamin’s thoughts which are directly influenced from the life itself and aim to give it a shape at the same time. However; melancholic state of mind, hope for the future, and inspirations of being ecstatic are automatically to gain prominence so as to correlate with the Sufism.
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Keywords
Walter Benjamin, Mistisizm, Mesihçilik, Tasavvuf felsefesi, Flâneur, Hikâye anlatıcısı, Aura, Mysticism, Messianism, Sufi philosophy, Story teller
Citation
Soya, H. R. (2015). "Walter Benjamin’in mistisizmi ile tasavvuf felsefesine bir bakış". Kaygı. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, 25, 29-41.