İmgelemden anlatıya tarihsel düşünmenin formları
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Date
2014
Authors
Büyüktuncay, Mehmet
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Tarihyazımında geçmişe ait eylem ve yaşantıların temsil edilme imkânı bu eylem ve olayların tarih yazarının zihninde aslına en yakın olarak canlandırılmasına bağlıdır. Bu durum ise tarih felsefesi için sorunlu bir konudur. Geçmişe ait olanın aslına özdeş ya da benzer biçimde zihinde yeniden canlandırılıp metinsel olarak temsil edilmesi durumunda tarihsel düşünmenin en kullanışlı araçları imgelem ve tarihsel anlatı formlarıdır. Tarihsel metinler bu araçlar dolayısıyla geçmişi yeniden canlandırma işlevini yerine getirirken birer yapıntı karakteri kazanmaktadır. Bu sayede de tarihsel düşünme üslup sorununa bağlanmış olur. Tarihsel düşünme ve tarihyazımının imge ve anlatıyı kullanma üslupları ise geçmişe bakarken epistemolojik olarak farklı açıklama olanaklarını beraberinde getirir. Aynı zamanda tarihsel imgelem ve anlatı tarihsel olguları bilgiye dönüştürmenin yanı sıra tarih yazarının kendi eyleminin üzerine düşünmesine de imkân tanırlar. Dolayısıyla tarihsel düşünmenin bu formları refleksiyonlu bir tarihsel düşünmeyi de mümkün kılar. Bu çalışma tarihsel düşünme formlarının yarattığı tarihsel açıklama biçimlerine R. G. Collingwood’un tarihsel imgelem kuramı, H. G. Gadamer’in tarihsel anlama ve tarihsel etkin bilinç çözümlemesi ile P. Ricoeur’ün anlatısal tarih yaklaşımı doğrultusunda eleştirel bir bakış getirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Anlama ve yorumlamaya dayalı bir tarihsel düşünmeye önem veren bu üç filozofun birbirleriyle olan etkileşimleri tarihsel düşünme yetisinin ilişkilendiği kaynakları açığa çıkarmakla birlikte tarihsel bilince dair bir refleksiyon imkânı yaratmakla da tarih felsefesinde geçmişin yenidencanlandırılması konusuna geniş bir açılım sağlamıştır.
Representing past lives and acts in historiography depends on the historian’s capability of re-enacting these lives and acts in his mind true to the original experience as much as possible. Textual representation of past experiences, which is obtained through re-enactment either as identical or similar to the original, posits imagination and narrative forms as the most useful tools for historical thinking. Due to the employment of these tools, historical texts acquire the quality of fiction. By this way, historical thinking becomes connected to the problem of style. The styles of using imagination and narrative forms in historical thinking and historiography bring forth various epistemological possibilities for explanation and interpretation. Besides functioning to transform historical facts into information, historical imagination and narrative form also provide the historiographer with the opportunity to think over his own act of historical thinking. That is to say, these forms of historical thinking also make possible a reflection on the nature of historical thinking itself. This study aims to deliver a critical look at the forms of historical explanation as generated by the forms of historical thinking with reference to R. G. Collingwood’s theory of historical imagination, H. G. Gadamer’s analysis of historical understanding and historically active consciousness, and P. Ricoeur’s appreciation of narrative history. The interaction between these philosophers’ thoughts, which highlights a kind of thinking based on understanding and interpretation, discloses the cognitive resources of historical thought and supplies the faculty of historical consciousness with a path for self-reflection. Therefore, the history of philosophy has benefitted substantially from the thread of thoughts belonging to these three philosophers
Representing past lives and acts in historiography depends on the historian’s capability of re-enacting these lives and acts in his mind true to the original experience as much as possible. Textual representation of past experiences, which is obtained through re-enactment either as identical or similar to the original, posits imagination and narrative forms as the most useful tools for historical thinking. Due to the employment of these tools, historical texts acquire the quality of fiction. By this way, historical thinking becomes connected to the problem of style. The styles of using imagination and narrative forms in historical thinking and historiography bring forth various epistemological possibilities for explanation and interpretation. Besides functioning to transform historical facts into information, historical imagination and narrative form also provide the historiographer with the opportunity to think over his own act of historical thinking. That is to say, these forms of historical thinking also make possible a reflection on the nature of historical thinking itself. This study aims to deliver a critical look at the forms of historical explanation as generated by the forms of historical thinking with reference to R. G. Collingwood’s theory of historical imagination, H. G. Gadamer’s analysis of historical understanding and historically active consciousness, and P. Ricoeur’s appreciation of narrative history. The interaction between these philosophers’ thoughts, which highlights a kind of thinking based on understanding and interpretation, discloses the cognitive resources of historical thought and supplies the faculty of historical consciousness with a path for self-reflection. Therefore, the history of philosophy has benefitted substantially from the thread of thoughts belonging to these three philosophers
Description
Keywords
A priori imgelem, Tarihsel düşünme, Yeniden-canlandırma, Kapsüllenme, Tarihsel etkin bilinç, Mimesis, Olayörgüsü, A priori imagination, Historical thinking, Re-enactment, Encapsulation, Historically active consciousness, Mimesis, Plot
Citation
Büyüktuncay, M. (2014). "İmgelemden anlatıya tarihsel düşünmenin formları". Kaygı. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, 23, 49-74.