Araç yönlendirme elemanının yapısal tasarım optimazsyonu
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Date
2019-10-25
Authors
Demirbilek, Kaan
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Formula SAE, uluslararası üniversite öğrencilerinin tasarladıkları tek kişilik ufak yarış arabalarının yarıştığı, uluslararası otomotiv mühendisleri derneğinin desteklediği bir mühendislik yarışmasıdır. 20 yılı aşkın bir süredir yapılmaktadır. Mühendislik öğrencileri yarış arabalarını tasarımından yapım aşamasına ve sürüşüne kadar tamamen kendileri yapmaktadırlar. Yarışmada başarılı olmak için hızlı, hafif ve dayanıklı araç tasarlamaktır. Bu tez çalışmasında, Formula SAE aracının hareketi açıyla değişmesini sağlayan Araç Yönlendirme Krank’ın daha hafif ve dış yüke daha dayanıklı hale gelecek şekilde yeniden tasarlanmıştır. Bunun için optimizasyon yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Optimizasyon sürecinde ilk olarak yapısal tasarım(topoloji) optimizasyonu yapılarak parçanın optimum genel hatları elde edilmiştir. Bu tasarımı iyileştirmek için ise şekil optimizasyonu yapılarak en uygun tasarım elde edilmiştir. Optimizasyon sürecinde sonlu elemanlar modelleme de HyperMesh, yapısal tasarım optimizasyonunda ve analizlerde Optistruct, şekil optimizasyonu için HyperStudy ve sonuç incelemede ise HyperView adlı yazılım programları kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda optimizasyonu yapılmış parça, 7000 serisi Alüminyum malzemeden üretilmiş ve hidrolik pistonlu test ünitesi üzerinde belli aralıklarla fiziksel yükleme testleri yapılmıştır. Zamana bağlı olarak kuvvet ve yer değiştirme grafikleri elde edilmiştir. Parça kalıcı deformasyona uğrayana kadar testlere devam edilmiştir. Deformasyon alanına girmiş parça üç boyutlu tarama ile ölçülmüş ve sapmaları hesaplanmıştır. Bunun sonucunda optimizasyonun gayet makul ve kullanılabilir olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Formula SAE is an engineering competition supported by the international automotive engineer’s association where small single-race cars designed by international engineering students. It has been organized for over 20 years. Engineering students build the race cars completely themselves from design to construction and driving. Key point of success in the competition is to design a fast, light and durable vehicle. In this thesis, the Formula SAE has been redesigned to make Bell Crank lighter and more resistant to external load, allowing the movement to be changed at an angle. Optimization methods have been used for this purpose. In the optimization process, firstly the topology optimization was performed and the optimum outline of the part was obtained. In order to improve this design, the most suitable design was obtained by size optimization. In the optimization process, HyperMesh was used in finite element modeling, Optistruct was used in topology optimization and analysis, HyperStudy was used for size optimization and HyperView software was used in the results analysis. As a result of the analysis, the optimized part is made of 7000 series Aluminum material and physical loading tests are performed on the hydraulic piston test unit at regular intervals. Force and displacement graphs were obtained based on time. The tests were continued until the part underwent permanent deformation. The part that entered the deformation area was measured by three-dimensional scanning and its deviations were calculated. As a result, it was concluded that optimized material was very reasonable and usable.
Formula SAE is an engineering competition supported by the international automotive engineer’s association where small single-race cars designed by international engineering students. It has been organized for over 20 years. Engineering students build the race cars completely themselves from design to construction and driving. Key point of success in the competition is to design a fast, light and durable vehicle. In this thesis, the Formula SAE has been redesigned to make Bell Crank lighter and more resistant to external load, allowing the movement to be changed at an angle. Optimization methods have been used for this purpose. In the optimization process, firstly the topology optimization was performed and the optimum outline of the part was obtained. In order to improve this design, the most suitable design was obtained by size optimization. In the optimization process, HyperMesh was used in finite element modeling, Optistruct was used in topology optimization and analysis, HyperStudy was used for size optimization and HyperView software was used in the results analysis. As a result of the analysis, the optimized part is made of 7000 series Aluminum material and physical loading tests are performed on the hydraulic piston test unit at regular intervals. Force and displacement graphs were obtained based on time. The tests were continued until the part underwent permanent deformation. The part that entered the deformation area was measured by three-dimensional scanning and its deviations were calculated. As a result, it was concluded that optimized material was very reasonable and usable.
Description
Keywords
Yapısal tasarım, Topology based design, Optimizasyon, Ağırlık azaltılması, Araç yönlendirme krankı, Optimisation, Weight reduction, Vehicle steering crank part
Citation
Demirbilek, K. (2019). Araç yönlendirme elemanının yapısal tasarım optimizasyonu. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.