2012 Sayı 19

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/12848

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    Effects of charles Darwin’s theory of evolution in Tanzimat
    (Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2012) Öktem, Ülker
    The aim of the presenter of the article is to give the results of the studies carried out on the Theory of Evolution by Charles Darwin and to compare and contrast the views of some thinkers of the Tanzimat who produced their works under the influence of the theory. Nearly all thinkers of the Tanzimat, excluding a few, appropriated the theory of evolution of Charles Darwin. It has been observed that the thinkers of this particular period in the history of the Ottoman Empire tried to put some of the principles of the theory into practice in the same manner like such European scholars as Auguste Comte, Herbert Spencer and some others. In the final part of the study, the significant impact of Darwin’s theory on both European and Ottoman philosophers of the period in which the theory came to be known is revealed.
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    Reflections on Parmenides’ monism
    (Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2012) Duman, Musa
    In this article, I attempt at exploring Parmenides’ understanding of Being, that is, the notion of esti, and the basic function of esti in his overall monistic vision. I also discuss, in this context, the identity of einai and noein, the internal connections between esti and aletheia as well as what he means by the concept of logos. I argue in detail that Parmenides’ monism has a very peculiar character in that he does not speak about one big single entity, but about the uniqueness of Being itself as the ground of all things in the cosmos. In that sense, one can qualify it as non-material monism and, at the same time, as non-ontical monism. But it also contains an identity philosophy, that is, the view that Being can only be spoken of in terms of identity statements. I try to develop the thesis that it is possible to interpret Parmenides’ reflections on esti with respect to the difference between Being itself and a being, (the ontological difference) which, arguably, corresponds to the way Parmenides contrasts esti vis-à-vis plurality and change, while identifying the former with pure being (to eon) and the latter with non-being (to me eon).
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    Two kinds of principle of alternative possibilities
    (Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2012) Çağatay, Hasan
    It is taken to be self-evident that freedom requires being able to do otherwise, by most incompatibilists, and some compatibilists; however, there are more than one way to interpret the meaning of “being able to do otherwise.” In this paper, two different versions of principle of alternative possibilities (PAP) are discussed: One of these PAPs is related to determinacy, and the other is related to supervenience. I defend that PAP which is about determinacy and, which is widely being used by incompatibilist has nothing to do with freedom, and the other PAP cannot be satisfied in a physicalistic world.