Browsing by Author "Caner, Vildan"
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Item Bir çinçila çiftliǧinde salmonella enfeksiyonu(TÜBİTAK, 2002) Mısırlıoğlu, Deniz; Cam, Çetin; Kahraman, Müjdat Müfit; Caner, Vildan; Özyiğit, Özgür M.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Patoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji Bölümü.; 0000-0003-0980-9335; AAR-6478-2021; ABI-5029-2020; 6507455482; 7003489234; 6701778876; 6506328450; 6507338060This study describes a salmonella infection in a chinchilla farm of 40 families in the Yalova region. Twenty-four families were affected in a 10-day period after the outbreak of the disease and the clinical signs were apathy, anorexia, diarrhoea with or without hemorrhage, tremors, local paralysis, mucopurulent or hemorrhagic vaginal secretion in some females, abortions in 1 to 2 month-pregnant animals and death. The newborn and pregnant animals were affected more severely. Two live chinchillas with clinical signs were euthanized and gross pathological, histopathological and microbiological examinations were performed. In the gross and microscopical examinations, the most severe lesions were due to enteritis together with findings suggestive of septicemia. Inflammation of the uterus with slightly hemorrhagic, mucopurulent exudate was also seen. Isolation and identification of Salmonella enteritidis and S, typhimurium were carried out during the microbiological examination of the sampled tissues. The isolated Salmonella strains were found to be sensitive to enrofloxacin, amoxycillin and gentamicin, and resistant to erythromycin and ampicillin.Item Broyler ve yumurtacı tavuklarda salmonella taşıyıcılığının belirlenmesi(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2000) Caner, Vildan; Çarlı, K. Tayfun; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.Bu çalışmada Bursa, Bandırma, Eskişehir ve İstanbul bölgelerindeki tavuk kesimhanelerinde 28 broyler ve 5 yumurtacı tavuk sürüsünden 814 sekum örneği alındı. İzolasyon çalışmalarından önce, Salmonella izolasyon sisteminin duyarlılığı 1 cfû g"1 olarak belirlendi. Tetrathionate-hajna broth, birincil zenginleştirme (PE) ve gecikmiş ikincil zenginleştirme (DSE) için kullanıldı, ve koloniler Xylose Lysine Tergitol 4 (XLT4) agar ve Brilliant Green Novobiocin (BGN) agar'da gözlendi. Salmonella-şüpheH koloniler daha sonra biyotiplendirildi ve serotiplendirildi. XLT4 agar ile PE'dan 68 ve DSE'dan 119 Salmonella izolasyonu yapılırken, PE ve DSE sonrası BGN ile izole edilen salmonellalann sayısı sırası ile 38 ve 106'ydı. PE sonrası izolasyon % 10.1 oranında yapılırken, DSE sonrası bu oran % 17.7'ye çıktı. Broyler sürülerin % 39.3'ünden ve yumurtacıların ise % 60.0'ından Salmonella izolasyonu yapıldı. Broyler sürülerdeki izolatlarm % 81.8'inin Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis, % 9. Tinin S. serovar Agona ve % 9. Tinin S. serovar Thompson ve Sarajane olduğu serolojik olarak identifiye edilirken, yumurtacı sürülerden izole edilen tüm izolatlar S. serovar Enteritidis olarak serotiplendirildi. Türkiye'de, S. serovar Thompson ve Agona'nın kanatlılardan izolasyonu ilk kez yapıldı. S. serovar Sarajane'in tavuklardan izolasyonu ise dünyada ilk rapordur. Disk difüzyon yöntemi ile, tüm serovarlann incelenen 12 antibiyotik arasında erythromycin5 e dirençli ve quinolonlara (norfloxacin, danofloxacin ve enrofloxacin) duyarlı oldukları bulundu, ancak 4 sürüden izole edilen 40 adet S. serovar Enteritidis'in nalidixic acid'e dirençli olduklarıgözlendi. İzolatlar, kullanılan diğer antibiyotiklere duyarlılıklarında bazı farklılıklar gösterdi. Amplifikasyon, görüntüleme ve ısı eğrisi analizlerini eş zamanlı olarak yapabilen Salmonella- genus-spesifik Light Cycler PCR (LC-PCR) ile, identifikasyon süresi 25 dk.'ya, toplam izolasyon ve identifikasyon süresi 48 saate indirildi. Bu veriler, Türkiye'de tavuk sürülerinde S. serovar Enteritidis, Thompson, Agona ve Sarajane'in varlığını ve LC- PCR'ın Salmonella izolatlarmın hızlı identifikasyonu için uygulanabilirliğini göstermektedir.Item Campylobacter spp. and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in poultry: An epidemiological survey study in Turkey(Wiley, 2009-04) Çokal, Yavuz; Caner, Vildan; Karagenç, Nedim; Şen, Ayşin; Çetin, Cengiz; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-9212-8743; AAH-1820-2021; 7401592869; 7003489234The current study aimed at determining the prevalence and the antimicrobial resistance profiles of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. infecting broiler chickens. A total of 240 caecal samples from six slaughterhouses were examined for the presence of Campylobacter spp. C. jejuni was detected in 40.4% (97/240) of the samples and C. coli in 12.1% (29/240). The agar disc diffusion method and the E-test were used for testing the antimicrobial susceptibility of C. jejuni and C. coli isolates. C. jejuni isolates were most resistant to nalidixic acid (79.4%) followed by tetracycline (76.3%), ciprofloxacin (74.2%) and enrofloxacin (15.5%). Among the C. coli isolates, the frequency of resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin was the same at 65.5%. The predominant profiles of multidrug resistance to three or more antimicrobials in C. jejuni and C. coli were determined as tetracycline/nalidixic acid/ciprofloxacin resistance (48.5%) and tetracycline/nalidixic acid/ciprofloxacin/enrofloxacin resistance (51.7%), respectively. To prevent the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria of animal origin to humans, it should be noted that high proportions of multidrug resistance were found in both species.Item The detection of hipO gene by real-time PCR in thermophilic Campylobacter spp. with very weak and negative reaction of hippurate hydrolysis(Springer, 2008-11) Çokal, Yavuz; Karagenç, Nedim; Caner, Vildan; Çetin, Cengiz; Şen, Ayşin; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-9212-8743; 7401592869; 7003489234; 7401592869A total of 190 Campylobacter spp. isolates, of which 34 gave the result of very weak activity, and 156 gave the negative activity in the test for hippurate hydrolysis were characterized. The genomic DNA was isolated from a fresh culture of each isolate and the real-time PCR, targeting the hipO gene, was used to confirm the species distribution of Campylobacter isolates. The hipO gene was detected in 17 isolates (11%) within the total of 156 negative isolates for hippurate hydrolysis. Out of 34 isolates with very weak activity, 19 isolates (56%) were also found to be positive for hipO gene and characterized as C. jejuni. The real-time PCR assay used in this study could be employed for more accurate diagnosis of Campylobacter infections at species level after the biochemical characterization based on hippuricase activity of the isolates. This could also provide important data for the epidemiology of infections associated with these zoonotic pathogens.Item Detection of salmonellae in chicken feces by a combination of tetrathionate broth enrichment, capillary PCR, and capillary gel electrophoresis(Amer Soc Mikrobiology, 2001-05) Ünal, Can Bora; Caner, Vildan; Eyigör, Ayşegül; Çarlı, Kamil Tayfun; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Besin Hijyeni ve Teknolojisi Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji Bölümü.; AAI-1101-2021This report describes a rapid detection procedure for salmonellae from chicken feces by the combination of tetrathionate primary enrichment (preenrichment [PE])-bacterial lysis capillary PCR and capillary gel electrophoresis. Pure Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis 64K was reisolated and detected by capillary PCR after buffered peptone water and nutrient broth, tetrathionate broth base Hajna (TTBH), and tetrathionate broth (TTB) preenrichments. When the same culture was mixed with intestinal homogenate, bacteriological reisolation and capillary PCR detection was achieved only by TTBK and TTB preenrichments. Capillary gel electrophoresis revealed that a Salmonella genus-specific 281-bp PCR product aas detected when Salmonella strains but not non-Salmonella strains were tested. The detection limit of capillary PCR with whole-cell DNA extracted from pure Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis 64K, Typhimurium LT2-CIP60-62, and Gallinarum 64K was 3, 3, and 9 CPU ml(-1), respectively. The detection limit of capillary PCR from whole cell DNA extracted from intestinal homogenate artificially contaminated with the same three strains was 3, 3, and 7 CFU ml(-1), respectively We compared the results of the capillary PCR and bacteriological examination from the natural samples. Thirty-five of 9 naturally contaminated samples produced a specific PCR product. In 9 of the 35 PCR-positive samples, Salmonella could not be detected bacteriologically either by PE or a primary and delayed secondary enrichment (DSE) combination. In the 18 PCR-negative samples, 4 samples were found to harbor Salmonella by both PE and DSE and 14 samples were positive after DSE. Fifty-three additional intestinal homogenate samples, which were negative by their PE and DSE in bacteriological examination, were found to be also negative by their PCRs. The total time required to detect Salmonella with the capillary PCR method we used was approximately 20 h, If samples are from clinically diseased birds, the total time for PCR and detection is reduced to 2 h since the 18-h PE is not required. These results indicate that TTB enrichment, bacterial lysis, and genus-specific capillary PCR combined,vith capillary gel electrophoresis constitute a sensitive and selective procedure which has the potential to rapidly identify Salmonella-infected flocks.Item Detection of salmonellae in chicken feces by a combination of tetrathionate broth enrichment, capillary PCR, and capillary gel electrophoresis(Amer Soc Microbiology, 2001-05) Ünal, Can Bora; Çarlı, Kamil Tayfun; Eyigör, Ayşegül; Caner, Vildan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Besin Hijyeni ve Teknolojisi Bölümü.; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0980-9335; E-3867-2010; AAI-1101-2021; ABI-5029-2020This report describes a rapid detection procedure for salmonellae from chicken feces by the combination of tetrathionate primary enrichment (preenrichment [PE])-bacterial lysis capillary PCR and capillary gel electrophoresis. Pure Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis 64K was reisolated and detected by capillary PCR after buffered peptone water and nutrient broth, tetrathionate broth base Hajna (TTBH), and tetrathionate broth (TTB) preenrichments. When the same culture was mixed with intestinal homogenate, bacteriological reisolation and capillary PCR detection was achieved only by TTBK and TTB preenrichments. Capillary gel electrophoresis revealed that a Salmonella genus-specific 281-bp PCR product aas detected when Salmonella strains but not non-Salmonella strains were tested. The detection limit of capillary PCR with whole-cell DNA extracted from pure Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis 64K, Typhimurium LT2-CIP60-62, and Gallinarum 64K was 3, 3, and 9 CPU ml(-1), respectively. The detection limit of capillary PCR from whole cell DNA extracted from intestinal homogenate artificially contaminated with the same three strains was 3, 3, and 7 CFU ml(-1), respectively We compared the results of the capillary PCR and bacteriological examination from the natural samples. Thirty-five of 9 naturally contaminated samples produced a specific PCR product. In 9 of the 35 PCR-positive samples, Salmonella could not be detected bacteriologically either by PE or a primary and delayed secondary enrichment (DSE) combination. In the 18 PCR-negative samples, 4 samples were found to harbor Salmonella by both PE and DSE and 14 samples were positive after DSE. Fifty-three additional intestinal homogenate samples, which were negative by their PE and DSE in bacteriological examination, were found to be also negative by their PCRs. The total time required to detect Salmonella with the capillary PCR method we used was approximately 20 h, If samples are from clinically diseased birds, the total time for PCR and detection is reduced to 2 h since the 18-h PE is not required. These results indicate that TTB enrichment, bacterial lysis, and genus-specific capillary PCR combined,vith capillary gel electrophoresis constitute a sensitive and selective procedure which has the potential to rapidly identify Salmonella-infected flocks.Item Etlik piliç kümeslerin su hatlarında campylobacter coli varlığı(Kafkas Üniversitesi, 2011) Çokal, Yavuz; Caner, Vildan; Çetin, Cengiz; Şen, Ayşin; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-9212-8743; AAH-1820-2021; 7003489234; 7401592869Bu çalışmada, ticari etlik piliç kümeslerin su hatlarında Campylobacter coli varlığının belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Birbirinden yaklaşık 25 km. uzaklıkta bulunan, artezyen ve köy şebeke suyu olmak üzere farklı içme suyu kaynağına sahip iki kümesten, üç ardışık sürü döneminde örnekler toplandı. Her iki kümeste de içme suyu, nipel svap ve taze dışkı örneklerinden C. coli izolasyonu yapıldı. Bu sonuçlar, C. coli’nin etlik piliç kümeslerinin su hatlarında var olduğunu ve içme suyunun sürülerin C. coli ile kolonizasyonunda bir kaynak olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.Item İnfeksiyöz bronşitis virusunun trakeal organ kültürlerinde i̇mmunoperoksidaz tekniǧi ile saptanması(TÜBİTAK, 2002) Caner, Vildan; Şen, Ayşin; Sönmez, Gürsel; Özyiğit, Musa Özgür; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Pataloji Bölümü.; AAP-7233-2020; AAR-6478-2021; 7401592869; 55167435000; 6507338060The applicability of the immunoperoxidase (IP) technique in unfixed-fresh tracheal organ cultures (TOCs) was investigated for rapid detection of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). For this purpose, TOCs prepared from one-day-old SPF chicks were inoculated with IBV M41 strain in serial dilutions. IBV antigen detected by IF technique in TOCs 18 h postinoculation. IF staining was observed before siliostasis in all dilutions. The IP technique was also applied to detect IBV antigen in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of TOCs inoculated with IBV M41 strain. Viral antigen was also detected in these sections. Histopathological examinations of IBV M41 infected tracheal rings showed loss of cilia, flattening of lamina epithelialis, and rounding and desquamation of epithelial cells.Item Polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (pcr) ve bazı tavuk infeksiyonlarındaki yeri(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2000-07-17) Caner, Vildan; Çarlı, K. Tayfun; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi.Polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR); günümüzde önemli bakteriyel, viral ve mikotik infeksiyonların tanısında, etkenlerin karakterizasyonunda, hastalıkların patogenezisinin belirlenmesinde ve aşı hazırlanmasında büyük uygulama alanı bulan bir nükleik asit teknolojisi yöntemidir. PCR ile infeksiyöz etkenlere ait bazı spesifik gen segmentlerinin in vitro amplifikasyonu yapılmaktadır. Bu derlemede, PCR’ın bazı kanatlı infeksiyonlarının tanısındaki yeri tartışılmaktadırItem Prevalence of enzootic bovine leukosis in the South Marmara Region and observations of some management practices(TÜBİTAK, 1999) Minbay, Ahmet; Baklacı, Can; Batmaz, Hasan; Çarlı, Kamil Tayfun; Şen, Ayşin; Kennerman, Engin; Yılmaz, Zeki; Caner, Vildan; Uludaǧ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi.; 0000-0003-1991-8957; 0000-0003-0980-9335; AAH-1712-2021; ABI-5029-2020; A-9637-2008; 6602783183; 6601971539; 7401592869; 16031244000; 35944810500; 6506328450Seven hundred seventeen cattle, over the age of six months in the South Marmara Region (Bursa, Bahkesir and Canakkale) were tested for the presence of Bovine leukemia Virus (BLV)-antibody with ELISA. Blood and milk samples were taken from 362 and 355 cattle, respectively. Totally, sixty-nine cattle (9.62%) were found to be carriers of antibodies against BLV-gp 51 antigen. The BLV infection rate was found to be 13.25% and 5.91% in the sera and milk samples tested, respectively. The infection rate were determined to be 14.19% in Bursa and 3.52% in Bahkesir, but BLV seropositive cattle were not found in Canakkale. It was observed that the highest infection rate was in the Karacabey provincial region of Bursa. By repeated hematological examinations of seropositive cattle, 30 (43.47%) cattle were found to have persistent lymphocytosis (PL),The infection rate was high in the herd at Karacabey. The total leucocyte count and lymphocyte percantages in the BLV+PL+ group were observed to be higher (P<0.001) than in the BLV- and BLV+PL-groups. The lymphosarcoma form of the infection was not seen in this study. It was noted that larger herds, pooled milk feeding, repeated vaccination and therapeutic procedures, using contamined sleeves and particularly needles caused the increase in EEL. In conclusion, it was determined that BLV infection was high in Nilufer and particularly high in Karacabey-Bursa, and some management practices was effective in reducing the infection rate. it was thought that the BLV infection rate would be decreased by preventing iatrogenic transmission and particularly eliminating the cattle with PL.Item Prevalence of Salmonella serovars in chickens in Turkey(Int Assoc Food Protection, 2001-11) Caner, Vildan; Çarlı, Kamil Tayfun; Eyigör, Ayşegül; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Besin Hijyeni ve Teknolojisi Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji Bölümü.; E-3867-2010; AAI-1101-2021In this study, 151 (18.6%) of 814 ceca obtained during in-line processing of 28 broiler (Hybro G, Avian, Arbor acres, and Cobb breeds) and 5 layer (Ross, Tetra SL, Isa Brown, and Brown Nick breeds) flocks in Turkey were found to be contaminated with four different Salmonella serovars. Only Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis) was recovered from layer birds, whereas Salmonella Enteritidis (81.5%), Salmonella Agona (7.6%), Salmonella Thompson (10.1%), and Salmonella Sarajane (0.8%) were isolated from broiler birds. Isolations of Salmonella Agona and Salmonella Thompson from poultry are reported for the first time in Turkey. The isolation of Salmonella Sarajane front Chickens is the first report in the world. The standard method of National Poultry Improvement Plan, U.S. Department of Agriculture, was used to detect Salmonella from chicken cecal samples. Primary and delayed secondary enrichments (PE and DSE) were done in tetrathionate-Hajna broth (TTHB). Two different agar media, xylose lysine tergitol 4 (XLT4) and brilliant green with novobiocin (BGN) were used to observe, and compared for their isolation and selective differentiation of, Salmonella-suspected colonies. Isolated salmonellae were then biotyped and serotyped. Ninety-one and 151 salmonellae were isolated with XLT4 agar after PE and DSE, respectively. From the same samples, BGN agar was able to detect only 50 and 131 Salmonella after PE and DSE, respectively. The isolation rate with XLT4 was 11.2% (P < 0.01) with PE, and this rate increased to 18.6% after DSE. Also, the RE isolation rate (11.2%) with XLT4 agar was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than PE with BGN agar (6.1%). Salmonella was isolated from 39.3% (11 of 28) of the broiler flocks and from 60.0% (3 of 5) of the layers. The detection sensitivity of the isolation method was determined as 1 CFU g(-1) experimentally. These data demonstrate the presence of Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Thompson, Salmonella Agona, and Salmonella Sarajane in chicken flocks in Turkey.Item Rapid identification of avian Salmonella isolates by air thermal cycler amplification and capillary gel electrophoresis(TÜBİTAK, 2001) Çarlı, Kamil Tayfun; Caner, Vildan; Eyigör, Ayşegül; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Besin Hijyeni ve Teknolojisi Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji Bölümü.; AAI-1101-2021; ABI-5029-2020; 6601971539; 6506328450; 6602558950The possible use of a genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the identification of Salmonella colonies was tested on 14 reference strains and 38 clinical Salmonella strains isolated from chickens by the standard method of the National Poultry Improvement Plan and Auxiliary Provisions (NPIP), USDA, U.S.A. All the PCRs using primer pairs InvA1 and InvA2 (5) gave 281 bp amplification product specific for the Salmonella genus and produced results identical (100%) to those obtained with biochemical and serological methods. Thus, the genus-specific capillary PCR for the identification of a colony of Salmonellae from a selective agar plate was performed within approximately 2 h and the total time required for definitive diagnosis of infection was 2 days using primary enrichment (PE) and 7 days using delayed secondary enrichment (DSE).