Çifteler Köy Enstitüsü
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Date
2004
Authors
Burgaç, Murat
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Çifteler Köy Enstitüsü isimli yüksek lisans çalışması, Türk eğitim tarihinde önemli bir yeri olan Köy Enstitülerini anlamaya ve sistemin işleyiş özelliklerini, incelenen Enstitü örneğinde, açıklamaya çalışan bir tezdir. Tez; Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında eğitim, Çifteler Köy Enstitüsünün kuruluşu, Enstitünün işleyişi, Enstitünün sağladığı sonuçlar ve kapatılması olmak üzere dört başlık altında toplanmıştır. Birinci başlık altındaki konularda, yeni rejimin eğitimden beklentileri ve eğitim yoluyla ulaşmak istediği amaçlar açıklandıktan sonra eğitimin bu dönemdeki durumu istatistiksel verilerle belirtilmiş, bu dönemde eğitim alanında yapılan atılımlar anlatılmıştır. İkinci bölümde, Çifteler Köy Enstitüsünün kurulmasından önce yaşanan gelişmeler, Enstitüye temel oluşturacak kurumların açılması ve bu kurumların işleyiş özellikleri açıklanmış; daha sonra Enstitünün kuruluşu ve kuruluşun ilk dönemlerindeki çalışmalar anlatılmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde, Çifteler Köy Enstitüsünün işleyişi açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu bölümde, Enstitüdeki eğitim, yönetim konuları kapsamlı olarak incelenmiş ve ayrıca Enstitüdeki Döner Sermaye uygulaması incelenmiştir. Tezin son bölümünde, Enstitünün sağladığı yararlar, gerek eğitsel alandaki ve gerekse diğer alanlardaki kazanından açıklanmıştır. Enstitünün kuruluşu ile kapatılışı arasındaki dönemde; okul, öğretmen ve öğrenci sayılarında yaşanan değişim ortaya konulmuştur. Kapatılışı konusunda ise öncelikle dönemin siyasal durumu ve kapatılmasına etki eden nedenler anlatılmış, Enstitünün kapatılış süreci ve bu dönemde yaşanan gelişmeler açıklanmıştır. Tezin hazırlanması sırasında, Enstitünün kuruluşuna etki eden nedenler ve bu kurumdan neler beklendiği açıklanmaya, kurumun işleyiş özellikleri detaylı olarak çözümlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Büyük beklentilerle ve geniş bir iktidar desteği ile kurulmasına karışım, niçin kısa bir süre sonra kapatıldığı, kuruluşunu gerçekleştiren parti ile kapatılma sürecini başlatan partinin aynı olması bir sorun olarak ele alınmış; Türkiye'de çok partili hayata geçişle birlikte Enstitüleri kendi varlıkları için tehlikeli addeden büyük toprak sahiplerinin, siyaset sahnesindeki ağırlıklarının artması, değişen bu siyasal koşulların sonucu olarak da Enstitüye yönelik olumsuz tavırların arttığı ve bu kesimin dayatmaları sonucu Enstitünün kapatıldığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Çifteler Köy Enstitüsü konusunda, bu Enstitünün müdürünün ve bu kurumdan mezun olan birkaç öğrencinin yazdığı ve anı kitapları özelliğinden öteye geçmeyen çalışmalar dışında, yayımlanmış bir kaynak yoktur. Bu durum, yapılan sözlü tarih çalışmalarıyla aşılmaya ve özellikle Enstitünün mirasçısı olan Eskişehir Yunusemre Anadolu Öğretmen Lisesinde, şans eseri günümüze ulaşabilmiş olan, Çifteler Köy Enstitüsü dönemine ait belgelere ulaşılarak çözülmüştür. Görüşme yapılan kişilerden ve ikinci el kaynaklardan sağlanan bilgiler ele geçirilen belgelerle karşılaştırılmak suretiyle sınanmıştır. Ayrıca Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsündeki eğitim istatistikleri taranarak, Enstitünün kuruluş ve kapanış arasında eğitim alanında yaşanılan değişim açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
The master's degree study called Çifteler Village Institute is a thesis that tries to understand the village institutes which have an important role in the Turkish education history and explain the features of the system process within the example of the Institute that was examined. The thesis is gathered under four titles as education in the first years of the republic, founding of Çifteler Village Institute, the processing of the Institute, the results that were supplied by the Institute, and the closure of the Institute. In the subjects that are under the first title, after describing the expectations of the new regime from the education and its demands to achieve via education, the situation of the education at that period was stated through statistical data and the progress achieved at that period was explained. In the second part, the developments experienced before the foundation of Çifteler Village Institute, opening of the associations that were going to be the bases of the Institute and the running characteristics of these associations were explained; then the formation of the Institute and the studies at the first periods of the formation were described. In the third part, the process of Çifteler Village Institute was tried to be explained. In this part, education, administration issues at the Institute were examined broadly and furthermore the practice of Revolving Fund at the Institute was investigated. In the last part of the thesis, the benefits that were supplied by the Institute, the gains in terms of both educational area and at other areas were explained. In the period between the founding and the closing of the Institute; the change experienced in the school, instructor and student numbers was put forward. At the subject of the closing, firstly the period's political situation and the reasons that affected the closing were described and the closing period of the Institute and the developments that were experienced at that period were described. During the formation of the thesis, the reasons that affected the foundation of the Institute and the demans from the Institute, the process characteristics of the Institute were tried to be analyzed in detail. Although the institute had been founded by great expectations and support, it was closed after a short time. This case and the party which enabled its foundation and which started its closing period being the same are taken as a problem; with entering to multi-party regime in Turkey, the role of the big land owners who regard the Institutes as dangerous for their being, rised, as a result of these changing political conditions the negative attitudes towars the Institute increased and the Institute was closed as a conclusion of this group's insist. About the subject of Çifteler Village Institute, other than the writings of the head of this Institute and some students who graduated from this Institute which are not more than memory books, there is no a published source. This issue was tried to be overcomed by oral history studies and obtaining the documents belong to Çifteler Village Institute which were by chance remained until today at Eskişehir Yunusemre Anatolian Teacher High School, the inheritance of the Institute. The information gained from the interviewed people and the second hand sources was tested by the comparison with the documents obtained. In addition, the change in the field of education between the founding and closing of the Institute was tried to be explained through investigating the education statistics at the State Statistical Institute.
The master's degree study called Çifteler Village Institute is a thesis that tries to understand the village institutes which have an important role in the Turkish education history and explain the features of the system process within the example of the Institute that was examined. The thesis is gathered under four titles as education in the first years of the republic, founding of Çifteler Village Institute, the processing of the Institute, the results that were supplied by the Institute, and the closure of the Institute. In the subjects that are under the first title, after describing the expectations of the new regime from the education and its demands to achieve via education, the situation of the education at that period was stated through statistical data and the progress achieved at that period was explained. In the second part, the developments experienced before the foundation of Çifteler Village Institute, opening of the associations that were going to be the bases of the Institute and the running characteristics of these associations were explained; then the formation of the Institute and the studies at the first periods of the formation were described. In the third part, the process of Çifteler Village Institute was tried to be explained. In this part, education, administration issues at the Institute were examined broadly and furthermore the practice of Revolving Fund at the Institute was investigated. In the last part of the thesis, the benefits that were supplied by the Institute, the gains in terms of both educational area and at other areas were explained. In the period between the founding and the closing of the Institute; the change experienced in the school, instructor and student numbers was put forward. At the subject of the closing, firstly the period's political situation and the reasons that affected the closing were described and the closing period of the Institute and the developments that were experienced at that period were described. During the formation of the thesis, the reasons that affected the foundation of the Institute and the demans from the Institute, the process characteristics of the Institute were tried to be analyzed in detail. Although the institute had been founded by great expectations and support, it was closed after a short time. This case and the party which enabled its foundation and which started its closing period being the same are taken as a problem; with entering to multi-party regime in Turkey, the role of the big land owners who regard the Institutes as dangerous for their being, rised, as a result of these changing political conditions the negative attitudes towars the Institute increased and the Institute was closed as a conclusion of this group's insist. About the subject of Çifteler Village Institute, other than the writings of the head of this Institute and some students who graduated from this Institute which are not more than memory books, there is no a published source. This issue was tried to be overcomed by oral history studies and obtaining the documents belong to Çifteler Village Institute which were by chance remained until today at Eskişehir Yunusemre Anatolian Teacher High School, the inheritance of the Institute. The information gained from the interviewed people and the second hand sources was tested by the comparison with the documents obtained. In addition, the change in the field of education between the founding and closing of the Institute was tried to be explained through investigating the education statistics at the State Statistical Institute.
Description
Keywords
Eskişehir-Çifteler, Eğitim, Eğitim kurumları, Eğitim tarihi, Köy enstitüleri, Türk eğitim tarihi, Education, Education establishments, Educational history, Village institutions, Turkish education history
Citation
Burgaç, M. (2004). Çifteler Köy Enstitüsü. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.