Değişik zaman ve uygulamaların manolya (Magnolia grandiflora L.) çeliklerinin köklenmeleri üzerine etkisi
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Date
1995
Authors
Er, Feriha Adaletsever
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu araştırma, 1993-1994 yılları arasında Yalova Atatürk Bahçe Kültürleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü ve Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü Araştırma ve Uygulama Serası'da yapılmıştır. Çalışma 4 farklı zamanda (19.07.1993, 03.09.1993,' 20.06.1994 ve 31.08.1994) 5 ayrı deneme olarak yürütülmüştür. 19.07.1993'te kurulan I. denemede Magnolia grandiflora L. bitkisinden hazırlanan uç (5. boğumdan) ve yaprak göz ( 6., 7., 8., 9. boğumdan) çeliklerinin yarısında 2.5-3 cm uzunluğunda yaralama uygularaarası yapılırken, diğer yarısında yaralama yapılmamıştır. Çeliklere IBA ve NAA'in 0 (kontrol), 5000 ve 10000 ppm konsantrasyonları uygulanmıştır. Çelikler alttan 21-24 C ısıtılan şişleme altındaki Perlit ortamına dikilmiştir. Deneme sonunda (01.10.1993) çeliklerde sadece kallus oluşumu tespit edilmiş, köklenme meydana gelmemiştir. En yüksek kallus oluşumu %76.66 ile yaralama yapılarak Perlit ortamına dikilen yaprak göz çeliklerinin kontrol (0 ppm) grubunda tespit edilmiştir. Yaralama yapılmayan çeliklerde ise kallus oluşumu saptanmamıştır. 03.09.1993'te kurulan II. denemede ise uç ve yaprak göz çelikleri birinci, denemede olduğu gibi hazırlanmış ve çeliklerin tümünde yaralama yapılmıştır. Çelikler IBA ve NAA'in 0 (kontrol), 5000 ve 10000 ppm konsantrasyonları ile uygulama yapıldıktan sonra şişleme altındaki Perlit ve Torf:Perlit (2:1) ortamına dikilmiştir. Deneme sonunda (16.11.1993) çeliklerin kallus oluşumu (%), köklenme oranı 199 (%), Primer kök sayısı (adet) ve primer kök uzunluğa (cm) tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek kallus oluşurau %63.33 ile Torf:Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinin kontrol(0 ppm) grubunda tespit edilirken, en yüksek köklenme oranı %16.66 ile 10000 ppm IBA uygulanarak Torf:Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinde saptanmıştır. En fazla primer kök sayısı (1.333 adet) ile en uzun primer kök (1.316 cm) 5000 ppm IBA uygulanarak Torf:Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinde tespit edilmiştir. 20.06.1994'te kurulan III. deneme ise II. denemenin paraleli olarak kurulmuştur. Deneme sonunda (20.09.1994) en yüksek kallus oluşurau %66.66 ile 10000 ppm IBA uygulanarak Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinde, en yüksek köklenme oranı (%13.33) ve en fazla primer kök sayısı (6.330 adet) 5000 ppm IBA uygulanarak Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinde tespit edilirken, en uzun primer kök ise 2.166 cm ile Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinin kontrol’ (0 ppm) grubunda saptanmıştır. 31.08.1994'te kurulan IV. denemede genç ve yaşlı ağaçtan hazırlanan uç ve yaprak göz çelikleri III. denemede olduğu gibi hazırlanmış ve aynı uygulamalar yapılmıştır. Deneme sonunda (01.12.1994) en yüksek kallus oluşumu %100 ile genç ağaçtan hazırlanıp Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinin kontrol(0 ppm) grubunda, yine genç ağaçtan hazırlanarak 10000 ppm NAA uygulanıp Perlit ortamına dikilen yaprak göz çeliklerinde, yaşlı ağaçtan hazırlanarak 5000-10000 ppm IBA uygulandıktan sonra Perlit ortamına 200 dikilen uç çeliklerinde ve aynı anaçtan hazırlanarak Torf:Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinin kontrol(0 ppm) grubunda tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek köklenme oranı ise %100 ile yaşlı ağaçtan hazırlanan ve 5000 ppm -IBA uygulanarak Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinde tespit edilmiştir. En fazla primer kök 5.333 adet ile genç ağaçtan hazırlanan ve 5000 ppm IBA uygulanarak Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinde tespit edilmiştir. En uzun primer kök ise 8.887 cm ile yine genç ağaçtan hazırlanan ve 5000 ppm IBA uygulanarak Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinde saptanmıştır. 31.08.1994'te kurulan V. denemede dördüncü denemeden tek farklılık çeliklerin plastik tünel altındaki Perli ve Torf:Perlit ortamlarına dikilmesidir. Deneme sonucunda (01.12.1994) en yüksek kallus oluşumu %66.66 ile genç ağaçtan hazırlanan 10000 ppm NAA uygulanarak Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinde ve aynı anaçtan hazırlanarak 5000-10000 ppm IBA uygulanarak Perlit ortamına dikilen yaprak göz çeliklerinde tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek köklenme oranı (%22.22) ile en fazla primer kök (5.333 adet) genç ağaçtan hazırlanan ve 5000 ppm NAA, uygulanarak Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinde saptanmıştır. En uzun primer kök ise 6.216 cm ile yaşlı ağaçtan hazırlanıp 5000 ppm IBA uygulanarak Perlit ortamına dikilen uç çeliklerinde tespit edimiştir. Bu çalışma sonucunda Magnolia grandiflora L. bitkisinin çelikle üretiminde başarı oranını arttırmak için çeliklerin genç ağaçlardan alınması gerektiği tespit 201 edilmiş,ayrıca çeliklerin Ağustos ayında uç çeliği olarak hazırlanması gerektiği saptanmıştır. Köklenmenin arttırılmasında 2.5-3 cm uzunluğunda yaralama ve 5000-10000 ppm IBA veya NAA uygulanması yararlı olmaktadır. Çelikler alttan 21-24 C ısıtılan şişleme tezgahlarında Perlit ortamına dikildikten 3 ay sonra iyi bir köklenme elde edilebilmektedir.
This study was carried out at Yalova-Atatürk Horticultural Research Institue and in the Application Greenhouse of Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Uludağ University in 1993-1994. The study was achieved as 5 independent trials at 4 different times (19.07.1993, 03.09.1993, 20.06.1994 and 31.08.1994). In the first trial established in 19.07.1993, half of the tip (by the 5th node) and leaf bud (6., 7., 8., and 9. nodes) cuttings prepared from Magnolia grandiflora L. plant were wounded 2.5-3 long at the base whereas the other half were lef t unwounded. The cuttings were treated with 0 (control), 5000 and 10000 ppm concentrations of IBA or NAA, and the cuttings were planted into Perlite medium under mist with bottora heat at 21-24 C. At the end of the trial (01.10.1993), only callus formation was determined in the cuttings and no rooting was obtained. The highest callus formation was found in the control (0 ppm) lot of leaf-bud cuttings planted in to the Perlite medium after wounding with 76.66%. No callus formation was determined in the unwounded cuttings. In the second trial established in 03.09.1993, The tip and leaf-bud cuttings were prepared as in the first trial and ali the cuttings were vzounded. The cuttings were treated, with 0 (control), 5000 and 10000 ppm concentrations of IBA or NAA and then planted into Perlite and Peat:Perlite (2:1) media under mist. At the and of the 203 trial (16.11.1993) callus formation of cuttings (%), rooting rate (%), primary root number and primary root length (cm) were determined. The highest callus formation was found in the control (0 ppm) lot of the tip cuttings planted into Peat:Perlite medium with 63.33%, while the highest rooting rate was determined in the tip cuttings planted into Peat:Perlite medium after 10000 ppm IBA treatment with 16.66%. The highest number of primary roots and the longest primary root were determined in the tip cuttings planted into Peat:Perlite medium after 5000 ppm IBA applications, with 1.333 and 1.316 cm respectively. The third trial established in 20.06.1994 was the parallel of the second one. At the end of the trial (20.09.1994) the highest callus formation, was determined in the tip cuttings planted into Perlite medium following 10000 ppm of IBA application with 66.66%, the highest rooting ratio (13.33%) and primary root number (6.330) were determined in the tip cuttings planted into Perlite medium following 5000 ppm IBA treatment whereas the ibngest primary root was determined in the control (0 ppm) lot of the tip cuttings planted into Perlite medium with 2.166 cm. In the 5th trial established in 31.08.0994, tip and leaf-bud cuttings vere prepared frora juvenile and old trees as in the Illrd trial and the same treatments were applied. At the and of the trial (01.12.1994), the highest callus formation was found in the control (0 ppm) lot of the tip cuttings prepared from juvenile trees and planted into Perlite medium and also in the leaf-bud cuttings prepared from juvenile trees and treated with 10000 ppm NAA and planted into Perlite medium, also in the tip cuttifigs planted into Perlite medium following 5000-10000 ppm of IBA treatment and also in the control (0 ppm) lot of the tip cuttings planted into Peat:Perlite medium with 100% in ali lots above. The highest rooting was obtained from the tip cuttings prepared from old trees and planted into Perlite medium following 5000 ppm of IBA treatment with 100%. The highest number of primary roots was determined in the tip cuttings prepared from juvenile trees and planted into Perlite medium after treatment with 5000 ppra,with 5.333. The longest primary root was also obtained with the cuttings prepared from juvenile trees and planted into Perlite medium following 5000 ppm of IBA treatment with 8.887 cm. In the 5th trial established in 31.08.1994, the only aspect different from the 5th trial was that, the cuttings were planted into Perlite and Peat:Perlite media under polyethene tunnel. At the end of the trial (01.12.1994), the highest callus formation (66.66%) was observed in tip cuttings (taken from juvenile tree, treated with 10000 ppm NAA, and placed into Perlite medium) and in leaf bud cuttings (taken from the same rootstock, treated with 5000-10000 ppm IBA and placed into Perlite medium) . The highest rooting rate and the highest number of primary roots were examined in tip cuttings (taken from the juvenile tree, and 205 treated with 5000 ppm NAA and placed into Perlite medium) 22.22% and 5.333, respectively. The longest primary root was obtained from the tip cuttings prepared from old trees and planted into Perlite medium after 5000 ppm of IBA treatment with 6.216 cm. As a result of this study, it was concluded that, the cuttings should be taken from juvenile trees in order to enhance the rate of success in the propagation of Magnolia grandiflora L. plant with cuttings, moreover the necessity of preparing the cuttings as tip cuttings in August was determined. Wounding at a length of 2.5-3 cn and treatment with 5000-10000 ppm IBA were found beneficial for rooting . A good rooting may be obtained in 3 months after the cuttings are planted into Perlite medium in mist-propagation benches with bottom heat at 21-24 C.
This study was carried out at Yalova-Atatürk Horticultural Research Institue and in the Application Greenhouse of Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Uludağ University in 1993-1994. The study was achieved as 5 independent trials at 4 different times (19.07.1993, 03.09.1993, 20.06.1994 and 31.08.1994). In the first trial established in 19.07.1993, half of the tip (by the 5th node) and leaf bud (6., 7., 8., and 9. nodes) cuttings prepared from Magnolia grandiflora L. plant were wounded 2.5-3 long at the base whereas the other half were lef t unwounded. The cuttings were treated with 0 (control), 5000 and 10000 ppm concentrations of IBA or NAA, and the cuttings were planted into Perlite medium under mist with bottora heat at 21-24 C. At the end of the trial (01.10.1993), only callus formation was determined in the cuttings and no rooting was obtained. The highest callus formation was found in the control (0 ppm) lot of leaf-bud cuttings planted in to the Perlite medium after wounding with 76.66%. No callus formation was determined in the unwounded cuttings. In the second trial established in 03.09.1993, The tip and leaf-bud cuttings were prepared as in the first trial and ali the cuttings were vzounded. The cuttings were treated, with 0 (control), 5000 and 10000 ppm concentrations of IBA or NAA and then planted into Perlite and Peat:Perlite (2:1) media under mist. At the and of the 203 trial (16.11.1993) callus formation of cuttings (%), rooting rate (%), primary root number and primary root length (cm) were determined. The highest callus formation was found in the control (0 ppm) lot of the tip cuttings planted into Peat:Perlite medium with 63.33%, while the highest rooting rate was determined in the tip cuttings planted into Peat:Perlite medium after 10000 ppm IBA treatment with 16.66%. The highest number of primary roots and the longest primary root were determined in the tip cuttings planted into Peat:Perlite medium after 5000 ppm IBA applications, with 1.333 and 1.316 cm respectively. The third trial established in 20.06.1994 was the parallel of the second one. At the end of the trial (20.09.1994) the highest callus formation, was determined in the tip cuttings planted into Perlite medium following 10000 ppm of IBA application with 66.66%, the highest rooting ratio (13.33%) and primary root number (6.330) were determined in the tip cuttings planted into Perlite medium following 5000 ppm IBA treatment whereas the ibngest primary root was determined in the control (0 ppm) lot of the tip cuttings planted into Perlite medium with 2.166 cm. In the 5th trial established in 31.08.0994, tip and leaf-bud cuttings vere prepared frora juvenile and old trees as in the Illrd trial and the same treatments were applied. At the and of the trial (01.12.1994), the highest callus formation was found in the control (0 ppm) lot of the tip cuttings prepared from juvenile trees and planted into Perlite medium and also in the leaf-bud cuttings prepared from juvenile trees and treated with 10000 ppm NAA and planted into Perlite medium, also in the tip cuttifigs planted into Perlite medium following 5000-10000 ppm of IBA treatment and also in the control (0 ppm) lot of the tip cuttings planted into Peat:Perlite medium with 100% in ali lots above. The highest rooting was obtained from the tip cuttings prepared from old trees and planted into Perlite medium following 5000 ppm of IBA treatment with 100%. The highest number of primary roots was determined in the tip cuttings prepared from juvenile trees and planted into Perlite medium after treatment with 5000 ppra,with 5.333. The longest primary root was also obtained with the cuttings prepared from juvenile trees and planted into Perlite medium following 5000 ppm of IBA treatment with 8.887 cm. In the 5th trial established in 31.08.1994, the only aspect different from the 5th trial was that, the cuttings were planted into Perlite and Peat:Perlite media under polyethene tunnel. At the end of the trial (01.12.1994), the highest callus formation (66.66%) was observed in tip cuttings (taken from juvenile tree, treated with 10000 ppm NAA, and placed into Perlite medium) and in leaf bud cuttings (taken from the same rootstock, treated with 5000-10000 ppm IBA and placed into Perlite medium) . The highest rooting rate and the highest number of primary roots were examined in tip cuttings (taken from the juvenile tree, and 205 treated with 5000 ppm NAA and placed into Perlite medium) 22.22% and 5.333, respectively. The longest primary root was obtained from the tip cuttings prepared from old trees and planted into Perlite medium after 5000 ppm of IBA treatment with 6.216 cm. As a result of this study, it was concluded that, the cuttings should be taken from juvenile trees in order to enhance the rate of success in the propagation of Magnolia grandiflora L. plant with cuttings, moreover the necessity of preparing the cuttings as tip cuttings in August was determined. Wounding at a length of 2.5-3 cn and treatment with 5000-10000 ppm IBA were found beneficial for rooting . A good rooting may be obtained in 3 months after the cuttings are planted into Perlite medium in mist-propagation benches with bottom heat at 21-24 C.
Description
Keywords
Bahçe bitkileri, Horticultural crops, Manolya, Magnolia, Çelik-bitki, Cutting-plant
Citation
Er, F. A. (1995). Değişik zaman ve uygulamaların manolya (Magnolia grandiflora L.) çeliklerinin köklenmeleri üzerine etkisi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.