Kırsal kalkınma projelerinin makro-ekonomik kriterlere göre değerlendirilmesi: Cumalıkızık örneği
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Date
2001-06-25
Authors
Gürlük, Serkan
Journal Title
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Özellikle 20. Yüzyılın ikinci yarısından sonra kalkınma sorunu daha fazla önem kazanmaya başlamıştır. Ayrıca gelişmekte olan ve gelişmiş ülkelerin ekonomi politikalarının belirlenmesinde önemli rol oynamıştır. Nüfuslarının önemli bir bölümünün kırsal alanlarda yaşaması nedeniyle, gelişmekte olan ülkeler; kalkınma sorununu kırsal alanların da kalkınmasıyla birlikte düşünmek zorunda kalmışlardır. Daha sonra, kırsal kalkınmanın bir sistematik içerisinde uygulanması ihtiyacı doğmuş ve kırsal kalkınmanın projelendirilmesi gündeme gelmiştir. Türkiye’de kalkınma projeleri özellikle beş yıllık kalkınma planları çerçevesinde hazırlanmaktadır ve finansman ihtiyacının büyük bölümünü yabancı sermaye oluşturmaktadır. Bir kısım kırsal kalkınma projesi ise yerel yönetimlerin gücüyle uygulanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın konusunu oluşturan Cumalıkızık Kırsal Kalkınma Projesi, Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi önderliğiyle başlatılmıştır ve tarihi, doğayı ve kültürü koruma amaçlı projelerdendir. Bu araştırmada üç temel konu üzerinde yoğunlaşılmıştır. îlk olarak kırsal kalkınmanın önemi, tanımlanması ve Türkiye’de ve Dünyada kırsal kalkınma politikalarının üzerinde durulmuştur. İkinci olarak, kırsal kalkınma projelerinin hazırlanması ve değerlendirilmesi konusu incelenmiş, bu bağlamda, kırsal kalkınma projeleri değerlendirilirken yapılan dönüşümler ayrıntılı olarak açıklanmıştır. Bu dönüşümlerin Cumalıkızık Kırsal Kalkınma Projesi’ne uygulanmasıyla elde edilen sonuçlar, temel analiz ölçütlerine göre sosyal açıdan değerlendirilmiş, sermaye/hasıla ve sermaye/istihdam oranı gibi makroekonomik kriterler hesaplanmıştır. Proje bölgesinin rekreasyon alanı olması nedeniyle, çevresel analiz yöntemleri kullanılarak bölgenin rekreasyon değeri de hesaplanmış ve ekonomik analize dahil edilmiştir. Üçüncü ve son olarak kırsal alanlara alternatif bir gelir kaynağı olan “kırsal turizm” konusu incelenmiş ve kırsal turizmin bölgeye uygulanmasıyla, projenin halk üzerinde yaratacağı sosyokültürel değişiklikler, uygulanan anket sonuçlarına göre değerlendirilmiştir.
Especially, after the second half of 20* century, the development issue has started to consider more importance and has also took importance in defıning economy policies of both developing and developed countries. Because of the fact that the important part of their populations is on rural areas, developing countries had been obliged to think of development issue also concerning the development of rural areas too. More then, the need for rural development in a systematically practising pattem had occurred and designing of rural development had been put forward. In Turkey, development projects especially have been prepared in accordance with fıve-years development plans and the exclusive part of the fmancial requirement consists of foreign Capital. A part of rural development projects had been also tried to practice with the local municipalities’ power. Cumalıkızık Rural Development Project that creates the subject of this research and is one of the projects which aim to motivate the protection of history, nature and culture, is the project that had been started with the municipality of Bursa’s leadership. This research had been focused on three fundamental terms. Firstly, the importance of rural development, its defınition and rural development policies in Turkey and the World is discussed. Secondly, the term of preparing and assessment of rural development projects had been examined, in this context, the conversions that were used in the assessment of rural development projects had been explained in detail. The results, which were obtained firom conversions applied on Cumalıkızık Rural Development Project, had been valued from point of social aspect according to the basic analyse parameters and the macroeconomic criteria like Capital / produce and capital / employing ratio were estimated. Because of the fact that project region is a recreational area, by using environmental analysing methods, recreation value of the region had been estimated and included the economic analyse. Finally, rural tourism term, which is an alternative source of income for rural areas, had been examined and with the application of rural tourism to the region, socio-cultural alterations that project will create the public, had been valued according to the results of survey practised.
Especially, after the second half of 20* century, the development issue has started to consider more importance and has also took importance in defıning economy policies of both developing and developed countries. Because of the fact that the important part of their populations is on rural areas, developing countries had been obliged to think of development issue also concerning the development of rural areas too. More then, the need for rural development in a systematically practising pattem had occurred and designing of rural development had been put forward. In Turkey, development projects especially have been prepared in accordance with fıve-years development plans and the exclusive part of the fmancial requirement consists of foreign Capital. A part of rural development projects had been also tried to practice with the local municipalities’ power. Cumalıkızık Rural Development Project that creates the subject of this research and is one of the projects which aim to motivate the protection of history, nature and culture, is the project that had been started with the municipality of Bursa’s leadership. This research had been focused on three fundamental terms. Firstly, the importance of rural development, its defınition and rural development policies in Turkey and the World is discussed. Secondly, the term of preparing and assessment of rural development projects had been examined, in this context, the conversions that were used in the assessment of rural development projects had been explained in detail. The results, which were obtained firom conversions applied on Cumalıkızık Rural Development Project, had been valued from point of social aspect according to the basic analyse parameters and the macroeconomic criteria like Capital / produce and capital / employing ratio were estimated. Because of the fact that project region is a recreational area, by using environmental analysing methods, recreation value of the region had been estimated and included the economic analyse. Finally, rural tourism term, which is an alternative source of income for rural areas, had been examined and with the application of rural tourism to the region, socio-cultural alterations that project will create the public, had been valued according to the results of survey practised.
Description
Keywords
Kırsal kalkınma, Ekonomik analiz, Kırsal turizm, Rural development, Economic analysis, Agrotourism
Citation
Gürlük, S. (2001). Kırsal kalkınma projelerinin makro-ekonomik kriterlere göre değerlendirilmesi: Cumalıkızık örneği. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.