Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey türü üzerine tuzluluğun etkileri
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Date
2014
Authors
Çetin, Mihriban
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Okyanusların artan sıcaklığının, yıllık döngü içerisinde buzların erken eriyip geç donmasına, artan yağışlara ve deniz suyunun tuzluluğunun azalmasına neden olacağı düşünülmektedir. Deniz suyunun tuzluluğundaki değişimlerin, deniz yosunu komünitelerini etkilemesi beklenilmektedir. Bu çalışmada deniz yosunlarının, tuzluluk değişimlerinden nasıl etkileneceğini belirlemek amacıyla P. morrowii Harvey türü kullanılmıştır. Deniz yosunu örnekleri, Gemlik Körfezi'ndeki Altıntaş istasyonundan Nisan 2013'te toplanıp laboratuvara getirilmiş, diğer değişkenler kontrol altında tutularak 4 farklı tuz derişimine (?10, ?23, ?33, ?42) sahip ortamda 4 hafta boyunca kültüre alınmıştır. Örneklerin toplam protein, klorofil-a, fikosiyanin, fikoeritrin, toplam fenol, toplam yağda ve suda çözünen antioksidan miktarları haftalık olarak ölçülürken, karbonik anhidraz aktivitesi ve toplam katı organik madde miktarları sadece son haftada belirlenmiştir. P. morrowii türünün biyokimyasal özelliklerinin, tuzluluktan nasıl etkilendiği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Deney sonuçlarına göre genel olarak ?33 tuz derişimine sahip ortamdaki örneklerin; protein, fikosiyanin, toplam fenol, fikoeritrin, klorofil-a (?42 hariç), suda çözünen antioksidan değerleri, diğer uygulamalarda elde edilen değerlerden düşük bulunmuştur. ?33 tuz derişimine sahip ortamda yetiştirilen P. morrowii türünün antioksidan özelliğe sahip madde miktarlarının düşük olması, bu türün yaşam alanının ?33 tuz derişimine sahip su ortamları olabileceğini düşündürmüştür. P. morrowii türüne 2001 yıında Marzocchi ve ark. tarafından ilk kez Akdeniz'de rastlanmış olması türün Marmara'ya göre daha tuzlu bir ortamda yaşadığı fikrini doğrulamaktadır. Toplam fenol, fikosiyanin, fikoeritrin, toplam protein, suda çözünen antioksidan değerleri ?10, 23, 42 tuz derişimlerinde; yağda çözünen antioksidan değerleri ?10 tuz derişimlerinde, daha yüksek seviyelerde saptanmıştır. Yüksek antioksidan içerik, tuzluluğa tolerans ile ilişki göstermektedir. Klorofil-a değerleri ise düşük tuz derişimlerinde (?10, ?23) artış gösterirken ?42 tuz derişiminde azalma göstermiştir. Diğer yandan P. morrowii, yüksek tuz derişimlerinde (?33, ?42) bünyesindeki toplam katı organik madde miktarını artırarak hücre içi yoğunluğunu korumaya çalışmıştır. Türün karbonik anhidraz aktivitesi, tuzluluktan etkilenmiş ve karbonik anhidraz değerleri, toplam katı organik madde miktarındaki değerlere benzerlik göstemiştir. Yapılan çalışma, P. morrowii türünün tuzluluk değişimlerinden etkilendiğini göstermiştir. Fakat P. morrowii çeşitli savunma stratejileri ile değişen tuzluluk koşullarına uyum sağlayabilmiş ve tuzluluğa toleranslı bir tür olarak belirlenmiştir.
It is thought that the rise in temperature of oceans may cause the ice to melt early and to freze late in annual cycle, an increase in rainfall and a decrease in salinity of seawater. It is expected that the changes in salinity of sea water would affect communities of seaweeds. In this study, P. morrowii Harvey species was used in order to determine how seaweeds are affected by change in salinity of sea water. The seaweed samples were collected from Altıntas station in Gemlik Gulf and transported to the laboratory in April, 2013. The seaweeds were cultured for four weeks four different salt concentrations (10?, 23?, 33?, 42?) with other variables held constant. While the amounts of total protein, chlorophyll-a, phycocyanin, phycoerythrin, total phenol, total water and oil soluble antioxidant were measured on weekly basis; activity of carbonic anhydrase and total solid organic matter was determined at the last week of the experiment. It has been tried to be determined how the biochemical characteristics of P. morrowii were affected by salinity. According to experiment results, total protein, phycocyanin, total phenol, phycoerythrin, chlorophyll-a (excluding 42?) and water soluble antioxidant of the samples in the medium at 33? salinity were generally found to be lower than the levels obtained in other application. It has been thought that the living space of P. morrowii species may have 33? salinity because the antioxidant substance amounts of P. morowii species which were grown in the medium with 33? salinity was low. The first encounter with P. morrowii species in Mediterranean Sea in 2001 by Marzocchi and his friends confirms that this species inhabits a saltier environment than Marmara Sea. Total phenol, phycocyanin, phycoerythrin, total protein and water soluble antioxidant levels were higher in 10?, 23?, 42? salt concentrations, wheras oil soluble antioxidant levels were higher in 10? salt concentrations. High antioxidant content is in relation with tolerance for salinity. The values of chlorophyll-a increased in low salt concentrations (10?, 23?) while it showed a decrease in 42? salt concentrations. On the other hand, P. morrowii tried to protect its intracellular density in high salt concentrations (33?, 42?) by increasing the amount of total solid organic matter in its structure. Carbonic anhydrase activity of the species was affected by salinity and showed a similar trend with that of total solid organic matter values. This study shows that P. morrowii species is affected by the changes in salinity. However, P. morowii is determined as a species which is tolerant to salinity because of its adaptation to changing salt concentrations with various defence mechanisms.
It is thought that the rise in temperature of oceans may cause the ice to melt early and to freze late in annual cycle, an increase in rainfall and a decrease in salinity of seawater. It is expected that the changes in salinity of sea water would affect communities of seaweeds. In this study, P. morrowii Harvey species was used in order to determine how seaweeds are affected by change in salinity of sea water. The seaweed samples were collected from Altıntas station in Gemlik Gulf and transported to the laboratory in April, 2013. The seaweeds were cultured for four weeks four different salt concentrations (10?, 23?, 33?, 42?) with other variables held constant. While the amounts of total protein, chlorophyll-a, phycocyanin, phycoerythrin, total phenol, total water and oil soluble antioxidant were measured on weekly basis; activity of carbonic anhydrase and total solid organic matter was determined at the last week of the experiment. It has been tried to be determined how the biochemical characteristics of P. morrowii were affected by salinity. According to experiment results, total protein, phycocyanin, total phenol, phycoerythrin, chlorophyll-a (excluding 42?) and water soluble antioxidant of the samples in the medium at 33? salinity were generally found to be lower than the levels obtained in other application. It has been thought that the living space of P. morrowii species may have 33? salinity because the antioxidant substance amounts of P. morowii species which were grown in the medium with 33? salinity was low. The first encounter with P. morrowii species in Mediterranean Sea in 2001 by Marzocchi and his friends confirms that this species inhabits a saltier environment than Marmara Sea. Total phenol, phycocyanin, phycoerythrin, total protein and water soluble antioxidant levels were higher in 10?, 23?, 42? salt concentrations, wheras oil soluble antioxidant levels were higher in 10? salt concentrations. High antioxidant content is in relation with tolerance for salinity. The values of chlorophyll-a increased in low salt concentrations (10?, 23?) while it showed a decrease in 42? salt concentrations. On the other hand, P. morrowii tried to protect its intracellular density in high salt concentrations (33?, 42?) by increasing the amount of total solid organic matter in its structure. Carbonic anhydrase activity of the species was affected by salinity and showed a similar trend with that of total solid organic matter values. This study shows that P. morrowii species is affected by the changes in salinity. However, P. morowii is determined as a species which is tolerant to salinity because of its adaptation to changing salt concentrations with various defence mechanisms.
Description
Keywords
Tuzluluk, Polysiphonia, Fenolik bileşikler, Antioksidan, Salinity, Polysiphonia, Phenolic compounds, Antioxidant
Citation
Çetin, M. (2014). Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey türü üzerine tuzluluğun etkileri. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.