Kemalpaşazâde'nin Nesâyih adlı eserinin transkribi ve felsefî tahlili
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Date
2009-10-21
Authors
Türkyılmaz, Yunus
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Genel anlamda ahlak, insanın iyi veya kötü olarak vasıflandırılmasına yol açan manevi nitelikleri, huyları ve bunların etkisiyle ortaya koyduğu iradeli davranışlar olarak tanımlanmıştır. Düşünce tarihinde ahlaka dair birçok eserler kaleme alınmıştır. Batıda Grek felsefesiyle doğuda Pers ve Hint düşüncesiyle başlayan ahlak teorileri Akdeniz coğrafyasında İslam düşüncesiyle birlikte iyice gelişmiştir. İslâm felsefesi, geliştirmiş olduğu ahlaki doktrinlerle, saymış olduğumuz medeniyetlerin ahlakla ilgili düşüncelerinden de faydalanarak zengin, insan ruhunu derinleştiren, insana düzenli ve huzurlu bir hayat öğretisi sunmuştur. Ve birçok eser kaleme almıştır. İncelemeye aldığımız Nesayih adlı eserde bu zincirin sonlarında yer alan, büyük anlamların ve nasihatlerin özet olarak sunulduğu bir eserdir. İslâm felsefesinde bir davranışın ahlakî olarak kabul edilmesi için o davranışın zorlanılarak gerçekleşmemesi gerekir. Yani insan gerçekleştirmek istediği davranışı kendi hayatına iyice yerleştirmeli ve o davranış o kişinin alışkanlığı olmalıdır. Felsefe teorik ahlakı her zaman pratik hayatla ilişkilendirir. Kemâl Paşazâde'de böyle yapmıştır. Nesayih'de halkın anlayabileceği tarzda insanların dünya ve ahiret mutluluğu için gerekli gördüklerini konu edinmiştir.
In a broad sense, morals have been defined as the spiritual characteristics and temperaments of the people, as well as their witting behaviors that are produced by the effect of these characteristics and temperaments, which qualify them as good or bad. Numerous works concerning morals have been written up in the history of thought. The theories of morals, which started with the Greek philosophy in the west and Persian and Indian thought in the east, have been widely developed with the Islamic thinking in the Mediterranean geography. With the moral doctrines it has developed, and by making use of the moral thoughts of the aforementioned civilizations, Islamic philosophy has presented a rich, harmonious and peaceful life tenet to the mankind, which deepens a mans soul. In addition, it has produced a great number of works on this subject. Nesayih, which has been investigated in this study and placed in the last rows of this series, is one of these written works in which great meanings and advice has been presented as a summary. In Islamic philosophy, a behavior must not be produced under compulsion in order to be accepted as morals. In other words, a human being should completely internalize the desired behavior in his life and it should become the habit of that person. Philosophy always associates theoretical morals with practical life. Kemal Paşazade also did it this way. In Nesayih, in a way that people can understand, he dealt with the issues that he considered as necessary for the present life and afterlife happiness of human beings.
In a broad sense, morals have been defined as the spiritual characteristics and temperaments of the people, as well as their witting behaviors that are produced by the effect of these characteristics and temperaments, which qualify them as good or bad. Numerous works concerning morals have been written up in the history of thought. The theories of morals, which started with the Greek philosophy in the west and Persian and Indian thought in the east, have been widely developed with the Islamic thinking in the Mediterranean geography. With the moral doctrines it has developed, and by making use of the moral thoughts of the aforementioned civilizations, Islamic philosophy has presented a rich, harmonious and peaceful life tenet to the mankind, which deepens a mans soul. In addition, it has produced a great number of works on this subject. Nesayih, which has been investigated in this study and placed in the last rows of this series, is one of these written works in which great meanings and advice has been presented as a summary. In Islamic philosophy, a behavior must not be produced under compulsion in order to be accepted as morals. In other words, a human being should completely internalize the desired behavior in his life and it should become the habit of that person. Philosophy always associates theoretical morals with practical life. Kemal Paşazade also did it this way. In Nesayih, in a way that people can understand, he dealt with the issues that he considered as necessary for the present life and afterlife happiness of human beings.
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Keywords
Nesayih (Nasihatler), Kemal Paşazade, Ahlak, Dostluk, Siyaset Felsefesi, Bilgi, Sabır, Advices, Ethics, Friendship, Political philosophy, Knowledge, Patience
Citation
Türkyılmaz, Y. (2009). Kemalpaşazâde'nin Nesâyih adlı eserinin transkribi ve felsefî tahlili. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.