İzmir kekiğinde (Origanum onites L.) farklı sıklıkların bazı agronomik ve kalite özellikleri üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi
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Date
2006
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışma Bursa ekolojik koşullarında farklı bitki sıklıklarının İzmir kekiğinde (Origanum onites L. - Syn. Origanum smyrnaeum L., Majorana onites L.) bazı agronomik ve kalite özellikleri üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amacı ile Uludağ Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi deneme tarlalarında 2002-2004 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışma Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Deseni’nde 3 tekrarlamalı olarak planlanmış ve 3 farklı bitki sıklığı (45x15 cm, 45x25 cm, 45x35 cm) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre genel olarak artan bitki sıklıkları incelenen özellikleri olumlu yönde etkilemiştir. Yıllara göre sırası ile en yüksek yaş herba verimi (855.7, 1931.2, 1543.1 kg/da), drog herba verimi (269.1, 799.6, 614.2 kg/da), drog yaprak verimi (180.0, 464.3, 219.1 kg/da), drog çiçek verimi (12.6, 63.5, 188.1 kg/da) ve toplam uçucu yağ verimi (3.7, 15.5, 12.1 l/da) 45x15 cm bitki sıklığından elde edilmiştir. Genel olarak bitki sıklıklarının yaprak ve çiçeklerdeki uçucu yağ oranı üzerine bir etkisi görülmemiştir. Çiçekteki uçucu yağ oranı (% 2.85-4.53) yaprakta belirlenen uçucu yağ oranından (% 1.88- 3.06) daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Çalışmada yaprak ve çiçekteki uçucu yağın ana bileşeninin karvakrol olduğu, bu bileşeni 1.8 cineol, borneol, linalool ve γ-terpinenin değişen sıralarda izlediği belirlenmiştir. Karvakrol oranı yapraklarda % 68.68-89.06, çiçeklerde % 78.94-97.97 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Bu araştırma ile İzmir kekiğinin (Origanum onites L.) yüksek drog ve uçucu yağ verimi için Bursa ve benzer ekolojilerde 45x15 cm dikim sıklığında yetiştirilmesinin uygun olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of three plant densities (45x15 cm, 45x25 cm and 45x35 cm) on some agronomical traits and quality traits of Origanum onites L. at ecological conditions of Bursa/Turkey. This study was carried out in the experimental fields of The Research and Application Center, Agriculture Faculty, Uludağ University during 2002, 2003 and 2004 years. The trial was designed in the Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Observations showed, generally, that increasing plant densities positively affected the examined characters. The highest amount of green herb yield (855.7, 1931.2, 1543.1 kg/da), drug herb yield (269.1, 799.6, 614.2 kg/da), drug leaves yield (180.0, 464.3, 219.1 kg/da), drug flowers yield (12.6, 63.5, 188.1 kg/da) and total essential oil yield (3.7, 15.5, 12.1 L/da) were determined in 45x15 cm plant density in 2002, 2003 and 2004 respectively. In generally, plant densities did not have any effect on essential oil content in both leaves and flowers. Furthermore, it was found that essential oil content in flowers ( 2.85-4.53 %) was higher in comparison the content in leaves (1.88-3.06 %). It was determined that the main component of essential oil was carvacrol followed by 1.8- cineol, borneol, linalool and γ- terpinen. Carvacrol rate in composition of essential oil changed between 68.68 and 89.06 % for leaves, 78.94-97.97 % for flowers. Consequently, Origanum onites L. should be grown with 45x15 cm plant density for high yield and essential oil yield.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of three plant densities (45x15 cm, 45x25 cm and 45x35 cm) on some agronomical traits and quality traits of Origanum onites L. at ecological conditions of Bursa/Turkey. This study was carried out in the experimental fields of The Research and Application Center, Agriculture Faculty, Uludağ University during 2002, 2003 and 2004 years. The trial was designed in the Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Observations showed, generally, that increasing plant densities positively affected the examined characters. The highest amount of green herb yield (855.7, 1931.2, 1543.1 kg/da), drug herb yield (269.1, 799.6, 614.2 kg/da), drug leaves yield (180.0, 464.3, 219.1 kg/da), drug flowers yield (12.6, 63.5, 188.1 kg/da) and total essential oil yield (3.7, 15.5, 12.1 L/da) were determined in 45x15 cm plant density in 2002, 2003 and 2004 respectively. In generally, plant densities did not have any effect on essential oil content in both leaves and flowers. Furthermore, it was found that essential oil content in flowers ( 2.85-4.53 %) was higher in comparison the content in leaves (1.88-3.06 %). It was determined that the main component of essential oil was carvacrol followed by 1.8- cineol, borneol, linalool and γ- terpinen. Carvacrol rate in composition of essential oil changed between 68.68 and 89.06 % for leaves, 78.94-97.97 % for flowers. Consequently, Origanum onites L. should be grown with 45x15 cm plant density for high yield and essential oil yield.
Description
Keywords
İzmir kekiği, Origanum onites L., Bitki sıklığı, Drog herba verimi, Uçucu yağ oranı, Uçucu yağ bileşenleri, Oregano, Plant densities, Drug herbage yield, Essential oil content, Essential oil composition
Citation
Kaçar, O. vd. (2006). "İzmir kekiğinde (Origanum onites L.) farklı sıklıkların bazı agronomik ve kalite özellikleri üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi". Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(2), 51-60.