Hadis usûlünde muhteva gelişimi
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Date
2010-08-13
Authors
Shaba, Tahir
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Kur'an'dan sonra İslam dininin ikinci kaynağını oluşturan hadis, İslam âlimleri tarafından büyük ilgi görmüştür. Bunun için alimler, hadisin günümüze kadar sağlam bir şekilde gelmesini sağlamak için ellerinden geldiği çabayı sarf etmişlerdir. Alimlerin bu konuyla ilgili ortaya koydukları malumat ve kaidelerin tümü ?Hadis Usûlü?nü teşkil etmektedir. er-Râmehurmuzî'nin hadis usûlüne dair ilk müstakil eseri telif edene kadar, bu ilim, diğer İslamî ilimlerin usûl kitaplarında karışık halde işleniyordu. Hadis usulü kendi içinde mutekaddimun ve mute'ahhirun dönemi şeklinde ikiye ayrılır. er-Râmehurmuzî, el-Hâkim en-Neysâburi ve el-Hatîb el-Bağdadî mutekaddimûn dönemini temsil ederken, el-Kâdî `İyâd, İbnu's-Salâh ve İbn Hacer de muteahhirun dönemini teşkil ederler. Bu iki farklı dönemde verilen eserlerin, her bir döneme özgün farklılıkları bulunmaktadır. Birinci dönemde yazılan eserlerdeki bilgiler hadis gibi senedleriyle verilirken, ikinci dönemdekiler hadisler dışındaki senedleri düşürülerek verilmiştir. İbnu's-Salâh'ın `Ulûmu'l-Hadis adlı eseriyle zirvesine ulaşan hadis ilmi, daha sonra buna dayanarak telif edilen eserlerle canlılığını koruyabilmiştir.
The hadith as it is the second source of Islam after Quran, has been very interesting for scholars of Islam. Therefore these scholars, have spent many efforts to make sure the hadith comes till nowadays healthy and sure. The whole knowledges and principles the scholars have put forth, constitute the Usul al-Hadith (The Methodology of Hadith). Till ar-Ramahurmuzî writed the first separate book about the methodology of hadith, this science has been taken within the other literatures of Islamic sciences. The methodology of hadith apparts in two periods as; the classic scholars and the moderns. While ar-Ramahurmuzî, al-Hâkim an-Naysâburi and al-Hatîb al-Baghdadî represent the classic period, al-Qâdî `Iyâd, Ibnus-Salâh and Ibn Hajar represent the modern period. The literatures that are written during these two different periods, have unique differences that belong to each one of the periods. While the knowledges that take place in the literatures of the first period have been written as hadith with sanads, those in the second period have been written without sanads except the hadiths. The science of hadith that reachs its peak with the book of Ibnus-Salâh called `Ulûmul-Hadith has been able to save its vividness with the literatures written based on it later.
The hadith as it is the second source of Islam after Quran, has been very interesting for scholars of Islam. Therefore these scholars, have spent many efforts to make sure the hadith comes till nowadays healthy and sure. The whole knowledges and principles the scholars have put forth, constitute the Usul al-Hadith (The Methodology of Hadith). Till ar-Ramahurmuzî writed the first separate book about the methodology of hadith, this science has been taken within the other literatures of Islamic sciences. The methodology of hadith apparts in two periods as; the classic scholars and the moderns. While ar-Ramahurmuzî, al-Hâkim an-Naysâburi and al-Hatîb al-Baghdadî represent the classic period, al-Qâdî `Iyâd, Ibnus-Salâh and Ibn Hajar represent the modern period. The literatures that are written during these two different periods, have unique differences that belong to each one of the periods. While the knowledges that take place in the literatures of the first period have been written as hadith with sanads, those in the second period have been written without sanads except the hadiths. The science of hadith that reachs its peak with the book of Ibnus-Salâh called `Ulûmul-Hadith has been able to save its vividness with the literatures written based on it later.
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Keywords
Hadis usûlü, Muhteva, Mutekaddimûn, Muteahhirun, Methodology of hadith, Content, The classics, The moderns
Citation
Shaba, T. (2010). Hadis usûlünde muhteva gelişimi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.