Amerikan Board kayıtlarına göre Protestan misyonerlerin Bursa ve çevresindeki faaliyetleri (1833-1883)
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Date
2012-06-19
Authors
Önal, Muhsin
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bursa çok erken tarihlerde Osmanlı İmparatorluğu sınırları dahilinde misyonerlik faaliyetlerinde bulunan Amerikalı Protestanların dikkatini çekmiştir. Kenti ilk ziyaret eden misyoner William Goodell'dir. Goodell'in 1832 yılında gerçekleştirdiği keşif amaçlı ziyaretten yaklaşık 2 yıl sonra Bursa istasyonu kurulmuştur.İstasyonda görev yapan ilk misyonerlerin öncelikli hedefi dil öğrenmektir. Bu sayede kentteki cemaatlerle daha rahat irtibat kurulabilecektir. Ermenileri en önemli hedef kitle olarak belirlemiş olan Amerikan Board misyonerleri kentte yaşayan tüm unsurlarla alakalı detaylı araştırmalar yapmışlardır. Bu araştırmalarda Müslüman, Yahudi yahut Hıristiyan cemaatlerin nüfus, tarih, dini inanç ve yaşayış biçimlerine ayrıntılı bir biçimde yer verilmiştir.Misyonerler Bursa'da farklı alanlarda çalışmalar yürütmüşlerdir. Öncelikle dini faaliyetlerde bulunulmuş ve 25 Temmuz 1848 tarihinde Bursa Protestan Kilisesi kurulmuştur. Bunun yanısıra başta İncil olmak üzere farklı dini eserler dağıtılarak ve vaazlar verilerek kilisenin faaliyetleri desteklenmiştir.Misyonerlerin Protestanlığı yayma konusunda izledikleri bir diğer yöntem ise farklı seviyelerde okullar açmak ve eğitim faaliyetlerinde bulunmak olmuştur. Bu okulların en önemlisi Bursa Amerikan Kız Koleji'dir. Kolej 4 Ekim 1869 tarihinde eğitim öğretim faaliyetlerine başlamıştır. Ancak kolejin kesintisiz olarak eğitim vermeye başladığı tarih 1876'dır. Misyonerler aynı zamanda kentte bir yetimhane açarak yardım faaliyetlerinde bulunmuşlardır. Yetimhaneyle Ermeni, Rum yahut Türk çocuklarının Protestanlaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Sonuç itibariyle bu çalışmada Board Teşkilatının Bursa'da gerçekleştirdiği evangelizasyon faaliyetlerinin bizzat misyonerlerin gözüyle değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
From very early dates, Bursa was an attraction center for the American Evangelists, living in the Ottoman Empire borders. The first name, visited the city, was William Goodell. After around 2 years from Goodell's exploration visit to Bursa, Bursa station was established.In Bursa station, first evangelist officials' priority was learning the language in order to communicate with the local communions in an efficient way. Armenians were the most significant target for American Board evangelists and they did not hesitate to make investigations about all the populations, living all over the city. In those investigations, Muslim, Jewish and Christian societies' population, history, religion and life styles were analyzed in detail.Evangelists, in Bursa, conducted various kinds of activities. First action was establishing Bursa Protestant Church on July, 25, 1848. At the same time they were donating Bibles, various religious books and making preaches in order to support the Church.Another way, which evangelists used in order to popularize Christianity, was establishing schools appealing different standards. The most important one of those schools was Bursa American Girls' College which was established on October, 4, 1869. However, the college was able to give continuous education only in 1876. Evangelists established a home for orphans in the city and made charity works, as well. With this orphanage, it was aimed to invite Turkish and Greek children to Protestantism.In this study, it was intended to discourse about American Board evangelists' works in Bursa and to evaluate their performance from their own eyes.
From very early dates, Bursa was an attraction center for the American Evangelists, living in the Ottoman Empire borders. The first name, visited the city, was William Goodell. After around 2 years from Goodell's exploration visit to Bursa, Bursa station was established.In Bursa station, first evangelist officials' priority was learning the language in order to communicate with the local communions in an efficient way. Armenians were the most significant target for American Board evangelists and they did not hesitate to make investigations about all the populations, living all over the city. In those investigations, Muslim, Jewish and Christian societies' population, history, religion and life styles were analyzed in detail.Evangelists, in Bursa, conducted various kinds of activities. First action was establishing Bursa Protestant Church on July, 25, 1848. At the same time they were donating Bibles, various religious books and making preaches in order to support the Church.Another way, which evangelists used in order to popularize Christianity, was establishing schools appealing different standards. The most important one of those schools was Bursa American Girls' College which was established on October, 4, 1869. However, the college was able to give continuous education only in 1876. Evangelists established a home for orphans in the city and made charity works, as well. With this orphanage, it was aimed to invite Turkish and Greek children to Protestantism.In this study, it was intended to discourse about American Board evangelists' works in Bursa and to evaluate their performance from their own eyes.
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Keywords
Bursa, Amerikan Board, Evangelizm, Protestan, Misyoner, American Board, Evangelism, Protestant, Missionary
Citation
Önal, M. (2012). Amerikan Board kayıtlarına göre Protestan misyonerlerin Bursa ve çevresindeki faaliyetleri (1833-1883). Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.