2020 Cilt 14 Sayı 41
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Item Open Access Hazard and operability study of condensate oil refinery(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-10-20) Arif, Hira; Hamza, Muhammad; Raja, Zamun Asif; Jabeen, Suraiya; Ishteyaque, ShaguftaPetroleum refineries are multifaceted and complex systems that perform multiple phase operations characterized by a high level of risk. The size and complexity of petroleum refinery, together with the nature of the products handled, require Hazard and operability (HAZOP) methodology. HAZOP is one of the best tools used in various oil refineries globally based on guidewords for all hazardous conditions with strong recommendation. The application of HAZOP has been demonstrated in the condensate oil exploration unit, based in Sindh. In this research paper about 12 deviations were documented with 34 possible causes and 46 predicted consequences. However, to make the system hazard free 3 nodes were selected on the piping and instrumentation diagram of condensate splitter, based on selected nodes 48 actions were proposed in counter of the deviations.Item Open Access Factors affecting credit use for fruit farms: the case of Bursa(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-10-20) Erdal, Burcu; Tipi, Tolga; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Tarım Ekonomisi Bölümü.One of the basic principles of economic development is to increase agricultural production. To increase agricultural production, technological and biological innovations must be implemented by the farmers. However, the capital accumulation required for the implementation of these innovations is not sufficient, especially in small family farms. To provide production inputs and to apply new production techniques and methods, the farmers find the necessary capital by using agricultural credit. Therefore, agricultural financing is critical for the development and growth of the agricultural sector. This study aims to determine the credit usage levels and factors affecting credit usage of fruit growing farms in the province of Bursa, Turkey. For this purpose, a face-to-face survey was conducted with 57 fruit growing farms in the central districts of the province of Bursa. According to the results of the analysis of the data obtained from the surveys, age of the household head, farmers’ education level, the maturity of credit and the number of types of cultivated crops were determined to be effective on the credit usage level of fruit growing farms.Item Open Access Cost analyses of cotton production in Tajikistan(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-10-06) Turhan, Şule; Siamardov, Mukim; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Tarım Ekonomisi Bölümü.As an agricultural country, in Tajikistan approximately ¾ of the population live in rural areas where agriculture remains the main activity. Tajikistan's agriculture sector accounts for the largest share of the country's economy and cotton ranks as the main product in the sector. Economically expensive, cotton also called "White Gold" is a product with great economic importance for the producing countries due to its widespread consumption and attributes to be used in several areas, as well as its capacities at creating added value and employment opportunities. Nowadays, cotton is produced almost all parts in Tajikistan. Annual production capacity turns arrouınd 386 508 tons of cotton in Tajikistan. The positive developments occured in the production system help to improve the socio – economic live of producers in the country. In this study, the production costs of cotton grown in Tajikistan's Khatlon Region were calculated. The results that obtained in cotton production shows Average productivity (as 2200kg / ha), gross production value is ($ 1232 / da), gross profit is ($ 664.42 / ha), and net profit is ($ 88.88 / ha).Item Open Access The effect of local production differences on physico - chemical and techno - functional properties of Artvin kavut flour(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-10-06) Özdemir, Emel; Uygur, Cansu S.; Güler, H. Damla; Uylaşer, Vildan; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Gida Mühendisliği Bölümü.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Gıda Mühendisliği Bölümü.Soups are quite significant components of Anatolian cuisine, which has a deep-rooted food culture. In Turkish food culture, soups are named according to their ingredients or the local region where they are cooked and featured by the local food or the region itself. Mainly used in soups and produced for many years in Artvin region, kavut flour is one of such ingredients. Since people believed that it treated the sick people with its high nutritive value, sent away the evil spirits and was the symbol of abundance, the ancient Turks made sure to have kavut flour at their homes. However, it has become one of those traditional foods which have sunk into oblivion for its limited use in Artvin region. This research aims to introduce the kavut flour whose production has been continued but consumption has been limited to the region as well as to analyse the impact of local production differences on the product’s physico-chemical and techno-functional properties. To this end, kavut flour obtained from 10 different villages in Artvin were analysed for its water solubility index (WSI) (2,16 - 4,16 g/g), water absorption index (WAI) (240,92 - 344,13 g/g), oil absorption index (2,19 - 2,69 g/g), bulk density (10 -14,16 kg/m3 ), compressed density (4,66 - 9,5 kg/m3 ), ash content (1,59 - 2,28 %), moisture (5,35 -9,02%), acidity (0,02- 0,11 %) and protein amount (8,88 - 12%). According to the results, it has been observed that kavut flour has acceptable functional properties and local production differences significantly affect these properties. It has been determined that the physico-chemical properties of all kavut flours obtained from different regions are quite high.Item Open Access Granger causality relationship between agricultural gross national product and agricultural exports:The Turkey case(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-09-15) Erdal, Burcu; Vural, Hasan; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Tarım Ekonomisi Bölümü.This study aims to determine the long-term relationship between the agricultural gross national product and agricultural export in Turkey between the years 1998-2017. In the determination of the relationship, gross domestic product and the annual agricultural export data (1998-2017) were used. Initially, the unit root test was performed to identify long-term analysis. ADF method was used for the unit root test. In the long-term cointegration determination between the variables, Johansen cointegration analysis was performed. The presence of cointegration between the variables was determined in the cointegration test. The error correction model (VECM) was estimated based on the existence of a long-term relationship. Granger causality test was performed to determine the direction of the relationship between the variables. The causality analysis results reveal a bidirectional relationship between agricultural gross national product and agricultural exports in Turkey. The change in agricultural gross national product will also affect agricultural exports in an additional direction or the opposite. The growing importance of agriculture and supporting it in the economy will have a positive impact on the increase in national income.