2019 Cilt 13 Sayı 39
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Item Open Access Physiological responses of epiphytic lichens to anthropogenic activities at Kirazlıyayla and Sarıalan camping areas in Uludağ National Park (Bursa, Turkey)(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2019-11-28) Güvenç, Şaban; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi/Biyoloji Bölümü.The aim of this study was to determine the effects of anthropogenic activities on the physiology of epiphytic lichens in Kirazlıyayla and Sarıalan picnic areas at Uludağ National Park. Chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids contents and OD435/415 ratio of all the species collected from Kirazlıyayla and Sarıalan were higher in picnic areas compared to the control areas. Chlorophyll contents of the samples collected from the picnic areas at the end of summer were higher than that of collected in early summer. Chlorophyll a content of Parmelia sulcata collected from Kirazlıyayla was lower at the end of summer than the value measured at the beginning of summer. The OD435/415 ratio of Evernia prunastri and Pseudevernia furfuracea samples collected from Kirazlıyayla, and Hypogymnia physodes and P. furfuracea samples collected from Sarıalan were higher in picnic area than the control area both in early summer and early autumn. Chlorophyll a was positively correlated with chlorophyll b, carotenoid, and OD435/415, and was negatively correlated with relative humidity and altitude. OD435/415 ratio was positively correlated with the other photosynthetic pigments, whereas it was only negatively associated with the altitude.Item Open Access Progress in recombinant polymerase nucleic acid amplification technology(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2019-12-26) Shen, Hong; Shahrajabian, Mohamad HesamIn vitro nucleic acid rapid technology is a technology that enables rapid amplification of trace nucleic acids in vitro. Since its inception, it has been widely used in molecular biology, medicine and legal identification, and it has been continuously improved to its function and adaptability. In vitro rapid amplification nucleic acid technology developed on the basis of the existing in vitro nucleic acid amplification principle. Polymerase spiral amplification is a new visual in vitro amplification technology that is continuously upgraded from existing LAMP technology. This article mainly introduces the recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technology, as well as recombinase-aid amplification (RAA) technology, the polymerase spiral reaction (PSR), and application prospects.Item Open Access Degradation of phenol in nutrient broth by pseudomonas and bacillus species using biosimulator(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2019-12-08) Jabeen, Suraiya; Khan, Moazzam AliPhenol is a cognizant industrial contaminant in wastewaters from various industries, in this bioremedial study three isolated cultures IES.S, IES.Ps and IES.B separately and all in consortia (10%) from industrial wastes were grown in 1500 ml nutrient broth in sterile condition with 600 mg/l Phenol in the Biotron fermenter vessel, with specific conditions of rpm, DO. pH, temperature, COD and phenol was determined at specific interval of time. The results of this study showed that the pH of the system mostly remained acidic. The DO concentration was sustained at 5.0 mg/l. Phenol removal by IES.S was 15.50% (42 hours) and 18.83% (90 hours). Phenol removal percentage was much higher with IES.Ps as compared to that of IES.S. After 42 hours the phenol percentage removal efficiency was 32.10%. While at the end of the experimental run about 40% phenol was removed. While using IES.B Phenol removal efficiency was 32.16 (42 hours) and 39.53 % (90 hours). Phenol removal efficiency was relatively higher than IES.S and relatively lower than IES.Ps. Phenol removal was 31.57% (42 hours) and 39.38 % (90 hours) by using consortia of all three cultures. The degradation rates by using three different isolates were in descending order Consortium>IES.Ps>IES.B>IES.S.Item Open Access Phenological and pomological characteristics of local apple (malus domestica borkh.) genetic resources of Siirt region(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2019-12-16) Nas, Servet; Özrenk, Koray; Keskin, NurhanThis research was carried out on local apple varieties (Malus domestica Borkh.) that are grown in Şirvan, Pervari, Eruh districts and their villages in Siirt province. Fruit samples were taken between 2014-2015 from 21 different trees that are qualified, have high value in the market and preferred by local people. Phenological observations were recorded on selected trees and pomological properties were investigated on collected fruit samples. The budburst, beginning of flowering, flowering time, number of days from full bloom to harvest (FBD) and harvest date are recorded as phenological observations. According to the results, the budburst was between March 28th and May 3 rd , the date of first flowering was between April 2 nd and May 10th , the full of bloom was between April 9 th and May 17th ,the end of flowering was between April 14th and May 23rd , the harvest date was between 11th of August and14th of October, and the number of days from full bloom to harvest (FBD) was between 113 and 149 days. According to phenological observations, fruit weight was between 20,45 and 73,42 g, fruit sizes were between 32,73 and 60,10 mm, fruit diameters were between 36,27 and 60,32 mm, fruit stalk length was between 4,23 and 26,16 mm, fruit stalk thickness was between 1,96 and 2,61 mm, the amount of soluble solids of fruits was between %6,032 and 13,24, the amount of titratable acid was between %0,85 and 6,10, the juice pH was between 3,13 and 5,37. In addition to above parameters, fruit peel color, fruit flesh color, fruit grittiness and taste were also determined.Item Open Access Competitive analysis of Turkish fruit and vegetable processing sector(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2019-12-24) Turhan, Şule; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Tarım Ekonomisi Bölümü.A review of Turkish agricultural history shows that dramatic changes have occurred in fruit and vegetable industry. It seems evident that changes will continue for the coming years. Especially developments of South Marmara Regions fruit and vegetable processing industry provide a good example for the agri-food sector. Today, consumer preferences drive markets. Reshape of the international agricultural trade is required due to, mainly, the globalisation of the markets. This will give growers more competition and the issues of marketing, international trade, environmental protection and government policies will be important factors for them. The aim of this study, it to examine the current situation of Turkish fruit and vegetable processing industry and highlight some points for the competitiveness of the industry. In general, Turkey tomato paste industry is a healthy sector directed to export markets, with some difficult years. Especially the decrease in production in 2010 caused an increase in the import.Item Open Access Determination of some soil characteristics of rangelands in central and western parts of Samsun province(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2019-12-25) Özyazıcı, Mehmet Arif; Dengiz, OrhanThis study was carried out in order to determine the physical, chemical, and fertility properties of rangeland soils located in central and western parts of Samsun province. In this concept, 50 soil samples were taken from the study area. In the studied soil, it was found that sand, clay, and silt values of the investigated rangeland soils are 13.45-73.24%, 10.23-65.82%, and 13.88-57.93%, respectively. The pH of the soils varied between medium acid and slightly alkaline, and it was determined that there was no problem in rangelands in terms of salinity. Furthermore, lime and organic matter contents of them were 0.08-41.32% and 1.23-8.16%, respectively. Moreover, it was detected that the available phosphorous contents of the soils changed in the range of 0.2-38.5 kg P2O5 da-1 , the total N contents changed in the range of 0.071-0.479%, extractable K values, Ca, Mg, Na, and B values varied in the ranges of 29-612 mg kg-1 , 322-10590 mg kg-1 , 39-698 mg kg-1 , 36-466 mg kg-1 , and 0.16-6.70 mg kg-1 , respectively. When the useful microelement status of rangeland soils was examined, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn were determined to be 3.69-146.96 mg kg-1 , 0.54-6.18 mg kg-1 , 0.16-3.41 mg kg-1 , and 10.97-103.11 mg kg-1 , respectively.Item Open Access Evaluation of some phytochemical properties of three medicinal plants from northwest of Iran(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2019-12-26) Rahimi, Amir; Özyazıcı, Gülen; Ahmadi, Fatemeh; Pourakbar, LatifehTraditional medicine has a long history of serving peoples all over the world. In Iran, because of the geographical location and climatic conditions, the large area of cultural and biological properties, there is a suitable environment for various medicine plants growth. The aim of this study was evaluate some phytochemical properties of three common medicinal plants from northwest of Iran. Standard methods were used to determine the protein percentage, oil content, essential oil percentage, total phenol and flavonoid contents. In Trigonella foenum graecum L. seeds showed statistically significant differences in protein and total phenol contents according to regions. In Nigella sativa L. seeds, protein, oil, essential oil and total phenol contents were obtained significant differences between studied regions. In total phenol and total flavonoid contents of Lallemantia iberica Fisch. et C.A. Mey. seeds were found significant differences according to regions. Different climate changes significantly affect the phytochemical composition of the plants that should be attended in medical studies. Identification and introducing of medicinal plants flora and traditional uses of these plants, provide useful information concerning the distribution and medicinal plants usage in the region and causes to various pharmacological activities in connection with this matter.Item Open Access A review of three ancient Chinese herbs, goji berry, ginger and ginseng in pharmacological and modern science(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2019-12-26) Shahrajabian, Mohamad Hesam; Khoshkharam, Mehdi; Sun, Wenli; Cheng, QiGoji berry, Ginger and Ginseng are ancient Chinese herbs which have been used for thousand years as Traditional Chinese Medicine in China and other Asian countries as foods to promote good health and as drugs to treat disease. The keywords of Goji berry, ginger, ginseng, traditional Chinese medicine were searched in Google Scholar, Scopus, Research Gate and PubMed. The most important Goji pharmacological usages are improving function, enhances the bodys ability to adapt to a variety of noxious stimuli; it significantly inhibits the generation and spread of cancer cells and can improve eyesight and increase reserves of muscle glycogen and liver glycogen which may increase human energy and has anti-fatigue effect. Ginger has been widely used for arthritis, cramps, sprains, sore throats, rheumatism, muscular aches, pains, vomiting, constipation, indigestion, hypertension, dementia, fever and infectious diseases. Several pharmacological activities have been reported for ginseng extracts including effects on the central nervous system; antipsychotic action; tranquilizing effects; protection from stress ulcers; increase of gastrointestinal motility; endocrinological effects; enhancement of sexual behaviour; or synthesis of carbohydrates, lipids, RNA, and proteins. These versatile medicinal plants are unique sources of various types of chemical compounds which are responsible of the various activities of the plant. Traditional medicinal plants are cheaper, locally available and easily consumed as medicinal preparations and of course they are organic.