2017 Cilt 11 Sayı 31
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Item Open Access Impact of sowing date and tillage method on morphophysiological traits and yield of corn(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017-04-05) Zaremohazabieh, Sara; Kazemeini, Seyed Abdolreza; Ghadiri, Hossein; Edalat, MohsenEnvironmental variations related with different sowing dates have an altering effect on the growth and development of corn plants. A field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of sowing date and tillage method on corn growth and yield. The treatments included two tillage systems (conventional and no tillage) and seven sowing dates (11-May, 18-May, 25-May, 1-Jun, 8- Jun, 15-Jun and 22-Jun). The interaction between tillage method and sowing date showed that the highest kernel yield (KY), biological yield (BY) and harvest index (HI) were observed at first sowing date and conventional tillage method and the lowest KY, HI and BY were obtained in no-tillage method and latest sowing date in both years. Delay in sowing from 11-May to 22-Jun decreased significantly the plant height, leaf number, leaf area index and yield by 6.43, 7.98, 17.36 and 42.7% in 2014 and 7.93, 8.87, 14.88 and 40.01% in 2015, respectively. The highest crop growth rate (CGR) was observed in conventional tillage (56 and 49 (g day 1m -2 )) as compared to no-tillage (45.7 and 46.5(g day-1m -2 )) in 2014 and 2015, respectively. The leaf area index (LAI) had a positive and significant correlation with corn height, leaf number and yield.Item Open Access Vermiremediation of crude oil contaminated soil using eudrillus euginae and lumbricus terrestris(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017-04-22) Njoku, Kelechi Longinus; Nomba, Emmanuella Uche; Olatunde, Akinola ModupeThe negative and cost implications of remediation of petroleum contaminated sites using physical and chemical techniques have necessitated the use of biological techniques like vermiremediation. In this study the individual and synergistic abilities of two earthworms – Eudrillus euginae and Lumbricus terrestris to clean up crude oil contaminated soil were evaluated. It involved experimentally contaminating the soils with various quantities of crude oil. The total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), pH and nutrient contents of the soils were determined immediately after contamination and after thirty days of earthworm activities. Data obtained were statistically analysed using graphpad prisms 6.0 and SPSS 20.0 softwares. Activities of E. euginae led to 88.50% TPH loss, L. terrestris led to 76.42% loss while combined activities of the two earthworms led to 73.06% loss of TPH from the soil contaminated with 3ml crude oil after 30days. In soil without any earthworm but contaminated with same amount of crude oil there was only 21.19% loss of TPH for same period of time. Similar trends were observed in soils contaminated with 1ml and 2ml of crude oil for same period of study. The pH, sulphate, phosphate, nitrate and organic matter contents of the contaminated soils were reduced after 30 days and the reduction was more in soils with the earthworms than in the soils without the earthworms. The findings of this study show that the E. euginae and L. terrestris can help in the remediation crude oil contamination soil and that they are more effective individually than in a combined form. Also E. euginae had more impact on the contaminated soil than L. terrestris.Item Open Access The presence and distribution of protostelid group organisms in Bursa - Uludağ University campus area, Turkey(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017-04-23) Gül, Neslihan; Ergül, C.Cem; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi/Biyoloji Bölümü.This study is the first report of protostelids in Turkey. The listed 11 species, all of them new to Turkey, have been prepared in the laboratory cultures that contain samples of aerial plant parts and leaves, litter, woody twigs. The taxon of protostelids representing 3 families were recorded. These taxon are as follows; Cavostelium apophysatum Olive, Ceratiomyxella tahitiensis Olive and Stoian., Echinosteliopsis oligospora Reinhardt and Olive, Echinostelium bisporum (Olive and Stoian.) Whitney and Olive, Nematostelium ovatum (Olive and Stoian.) Olive and Stoian., Protosporangium bisporum Olive and Stoian., Protostelium mycophagum Olive and Stoian., Schizoplasmodiopsis amoeboidea Olive and Whitney, Schizoplasmodiopsis pseudoendospora Olive, Martin and Stoian., Schizoplasmodiopsis vulgaris Olive and Stoian., and Soliformovum irregulare (Olive and Stoian.) Spiegel.Item Open Access Serum tumor necrosis factor - alpha alterations of dry cows vaccinated with inactive coronavirus, rotavirus, E. coli combined vaccine(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017-04-05) Mecitoğlu, Zafer; Akgül, Gülşah Demir; Catik, Serkan; Udum, Duygu; Batmaz, Hasan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Biyokimya Anabilim Dalı.Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) is a proinflamatory cytokine, closely associated with insulin resistance and related diseases such as type II ketosis and fatty liver of cows. Aim of the presented study was to investigate circulating levels of TNF-α after vaccinating dry cattle with inactive rotavirus, coronavirus and E.coli combined vaccine. 14 cattle were randomly assigned to two groups; vaccination group was vaccinated on days 0 and 21 of the study and control group not. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 1, 5, 15, 21, 22, 26, 36 of the study for evaluation of TNF-α and total leukocyte counts. Although not significant, TNF-α levels decreased in vaccination group after the second application. Total Leukocyte counts did not differ between and within groups. Results of the study demonstrates that vaccinating cattle with inactive rotavirus, coronavirus and E.coli combined vaccine in dry period does not induce alterations in circulating TNF-α levels.Item Open Access Pesticide residues and organic production(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017-03-03) Tiryaki, OsmanThis study focused on studies of pesticide residues in organic product. With increasing health and environmental awareness, organic farming has become an integral part of the agricultural policy in many countries. It is the less harmful to human and environment. The target of organic farm is not high quantity of production, but is the high quality. The market value of organic products in Europa was 45 billion € in 2010 and was 27.5 million $ in Turkey in 2009. Organic foods include less measurable residues than IPM-grown and conventionally grown food. Pesticide residues in organic products are primarily related to obstinate environmental contamination. Registered pesticides in organic farm are regulated by EC Regulation 889/2008. EU Reports on Pesticide Residues in Food published by EFSA based on 3 different market categories in 2010, 2012 and 2013. Residue data were evaluated in USA by 3 pesticide data programmes. For organic foods, there is no specific MRL list in Europa, USA and Turkey, but 0.010 mg kg-1 and 10% of the MRL has been applied for many years in Europa and 5% of the EPA tolerance in USA as well.Item Open Access Biodegredation of different agro-endustrial wastes through the cultivation of pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex. Fr) Kummer(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017-03-03) Atila, FundaThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various substrates on spawn running time, yield and biological efficiency (BE) of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex. Fr) , compositional changes of substrates after growth mushroom and to evaluate its potential use as a feedstock. In the study, chickpea straw (CS) was used as basal substrate (80 %), while some of agricultural wastes such as cotton seed hulls (CSH), olive press cake (OPC), sunflower seed press cake (SPC) and sugar beet pulp (SBP) were added at the rate of 20 % to basal substrate. It was determinated that all of agricultural wastes tested in the study, except SBP, are economically viable alternatives for P. ostreatus (Jacq. ex. Fr) growers. On the other hand, the increment in ash, N, P, K, Mg, Fe and Mn content and the decrease in moisture, pH, C, C:N, Zn and Cu, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content of substrates were observed after mushroom production. According to this results, we can suggest that CSH, OPC and SPC can be used as a additive material for P. ostreatus (Jacq. ex. Fr) cultivation and spent mushroom substrates may be a valuable material as a feedstock, because of higher nutritional content and digestibility.