Sürüş konforu için taşıt koltuk titreşimlerinin modellenmesi ve analizi
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Date
2014
Authors
Türkkan, Yusuf Alptekin
Journal Title
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Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Son yıllarda gelişen teknoloji ile taşıtların bir çok opsiyonel özelliği standartlaşmıştır. Bu özellikler sayesinde sürücüler ve yolcular, daha konforlu sürüş gerçekleştirirler. Ancak sürüş konforunu etkileyen bir çok parametre vardır. Bunların başında yol pürüzlüklerinin sürücüye etkileri gelir. Yol pürüzlüğü sürücüye titreşim olarak etki eder. Önceki çalışmalarda sürücünün maruz kaldığı titreşimler çeşitli yöntemler kullanılarak modellenmiştir. Sürücü sağlığı üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmış ve çeşitli standartlar geliştirilmiştir. Bazı çalışmalarda ise bu titreşimleri izole etmek için süspansiyon sistemi yanında koltuk süngerlerinin fiziksel özelliklerinin iyileştirildiği yeni koltuklar tasarlanmıştır. Sürücü ve yolcuya, yoldan aktarılan düşey titreşimler dinamik konfor açısından en önemli etkidir. Dolayısı ile düşey yönde yoldan gelen titreşim etkilerinin belirlenmesi için öncelikle araç için farklı modeller oluşturulmalı ve değişken yol girdilerine karşılık sistemin düşey titreşimleri analiz edilmelidir. Bu çalışmada titreşim hakkında bilinmesi gereken temel kavramlar ilk bölümde verilmişir. Taşıt fiziksel modellerinden hareketle sistemin matematiksel modelinin elde edilmesinde kullanılan farklı yöntemler (Enerji, Lineer grafik vb.) tek serbestlik dereceli kütle-yay-sönümleyici sistem üzerinden elde edilmiştir. Değişken yol girdilerinde sistem davranışını belirlemek için; çeyrek taşıt, yarım taşıt ve koltuk ilaveli çeyrek taşıt modelleri kurulmuş ayrıca farklı araç hızlarına karşı koltuk ilaveli yarım taşıt modeli kurulmuştur. Matematik modelleme yöntemlerden biri olan Lagrange yöntemi kullanılarak sistemin tüm fiziksel modellerine karşılık matematik modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Sistemin bilgisayar çözümleri için MATLAB programı ve MATLAB'ın altında çalışan SIMULINK kullanılmışıtır. Çeyrek taşıt, koltuk ilaveli çeyrek taşıt, yarım taşıt ve koltuk ilaveli yarım taşıt için benzetimler yapılmıştır. Yapılan simülasyonlar sonucu koltuğa dolayısı ile sürücüye iletilen titreşimler elde edilmiştir. Fiziksel model farkının ve araç hızının sürücü veya şaseye aktarılan titreşimlere etkisi analiz edilerek tartışılmıştır.
In recent years, thanks to improving technology, several optional features which have evolved into standard equipments of the vehicles led both the driver and the passengers enjoy more comfortable drive. There are numerous parametres that affect the driving comfort. Effects of the roughness of the road on the driver which in turn creates vibration is the primary parameter on driving comfort. Vibrations that the drive is exposed to were modelized using several methodologies in previous studies; impact on driver health have been explored and various standards have been launched. In some researches, besides suspension systems, seat cushion foams have been enhanced and brand-new seats have been designed in order to isolate the vibrations. Primary factor in terms of dynamic comfort is vertical vibration that the driver and the passengers are exposed to. Therefore, in order to examine the effects these vibrations, differentiated models on vehicle should be structured and vertical vibration of the system should be analysed against variable road inputs. In this thesis, basic concept on vibration was given in the first part. With reference to vehicle physical models, various methods (Energy, Lineer graphics, etc) used for mathematical model of the system was acquired thanks to single freedom degreed spring-mass-damper system. In order to determine to system behavior under varying road inputs, quarter-vehicle, semi-vehicle and seated-quarter-vehicle models were set; additionally, in order to determine the effect of varying speed, seated-semi-vehicle was modelized. Along with the physical modelling, on the grounds of Lagrange method was utilized to set the mathematical modelling. MATLAB and sub-programing language of MATLAB, SIMULINK was utilized for computer solutions of the system. Simulations on Quarter-vehicle, seated-quarter-vehicle, half-vehicle and seated-half-vehicles have been carried out. By virtue of the above mentioned simulations, vibrations transmitted to the seat, also the driver accordingly have been acquired. Effects of physical model variety and speed on the vibration exposed to the driver or chassis have been analysed and discussed
In recent years, thanks to improving technology, several optional features which have evolved into standard equipments of the vehicles led both the driver and the passengers enjoy more comfortable drive. There are numerous parametres that affect the driving comfort. Effects of the roughness of the road on the driver which in turn creates vibration is the primary parameter on driving comfort. Vibrations that the drive is exposed to were modelized using several methodologies in previous studies; impact on driver health have been explored and various standards have been launched. In some researches, besides suspension systems, seat cushion foams have been enhanced and brand-new seats have been designed in order to isolate the vibrations. Primary factor in terms of dynamic comfort is vertical vibration that the driver and the passengers are exposed to. Therefore, in order to examine the effects these vibrations, differentiated models on vehicle should be structured and vertical vibration of the system should be analysed against variable road inputs. In this thesis, basic concept on vibration was given in the first part. With reference to vehicle physical models, various methods (Energy, Lineer graphics, etc) used for mathematical model of the system was acquired thanks to single freedom degreed spring-mass-damper system. In order to determine to system behavior under varying road inputs, quarter-vehicle, semi-vehicle and seated-quarter-vehicle models were set; additionally, in order to determine the effect of varying speed, seated-semi-vehicle was modelized. Along with the physical modelling, on the grounds of Lagrange method was utilized to set the mathematical modelling. MATLAB and sub-programing language of MATLAB, SIMULINK was utilized for computer solutions of the system. Simulations on Quarter-vehicle, seated-quarter-vehicle, half-vehicle and seated-half-vehicles have been carried out. By virtue of the above mentioned simulations, vibrations transmitted to the seat, also the driver accordingly have been acquired. Effects of physical model variety and speed on the vibration exposed to the driver or chassis have been analysed and discussed
Description
Keywords
Çeyrek taşıt, Yarım taşıt, Simulink, Matlab, Quarter car, Half car, Simulink, Matlab
Citation
Türkkan, Y. A. (2014). Sürüş konforu için taşıt koltuk titreşimlerinin modellenmesi ve analizi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.