Fârâbî ve İbn Sinâ'da akıl varlığı olarak Tanrı
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Date
2020
Authors
Çağıran, Merve Adıyaman
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Antik Yunan'dan İslam filozoflarına varıncaya kadar felsefi düşünce geleneği, varlık-yokluk, birlik-çokluk gibi temel metafizik problemleri, büyük oranda akıl lehine teoriler üreterek çözmeye çalışmıştır. Bu çalışmada Fârâbî ve İbn Sinâ merkezinde akıl, varlık gibi olumlu kavramlar ile Tanrı arasında kurulan özdeşliğin mahiyeti ele alınmış, bu bağlamda Tanrı'ya akıl denmesinin sebeplerine ve Tanrı'nın varlığının akıl olmasının metafizik sonuçlarına yer verilmiştir. Tanrı'nın varlığının niçin akıldan ibaret görüldüğü sorunu çerçevesinde, İslam düşünürlerinin tevarüs ettiği felsefi geleneğin kurucu düşünürlerinden Aristoteles ve sahte Aristoteles Plotinos'un konuyla ilgili görüşlerine yer verilmiştir. Konu Farabi ve İbn Sînâ odağında ele alınırken öncelikle, bu iki ismin hem ontolojik hem de kavramsal düzeyde Tanrı'nın varlığını nasıl temellendirdiği ele alınmıştır. Daha sonra Tanrı'nın varlık ve akıl özdeşliğinin eylem bakımından sonuçlarına sudur ve matafizik sonuçları bağlamında yer verilmiştir. Son olarak Tanrı gibi birer akıl varlığı olan mufarık akıllar ile Tanrı arasındaki fark hem varlık hem de eylem bakımından birbirleriyle kıyaslanarak muhtasar bir şekilde serimlenmiştir.
In the tradition of philosophical thought, from ancient Greek to Islamic philosophers, basic metaphysical problems such as existence-absence, unity, and plurality have been tried to be solved by producing theories in favor of reason. In this study, the positive concepts such as mind and being in the center of Al-Fârâbî and İbn Sînâ and the nature of the identity established between God are discussed. In this context, the reasons for calling reason God and the metaphysical consequences of the existence of God as reason are given. Within the framework of the question of why God's existence is seen as a mind, the views of Aristotle and Plotinos, one of the founding thinkers of the philosophical tradition that Islamic thinkers inherited, were included. While the subject was addressed in the focus of Farabi and Ibn Sîna, firstly, how these two philosophers based on the existence of God both at the ontological and conceptual level was discussed. Later, the meaning of God's presence and reason identity in terms of action is analyzed in the context of emanation and metaphysical results. Finally, the difference between discrete minds, which are mind beings like God and God, has been explained conclusively by comparing them in terms of both being and action.
In the tradition of philosophical thought, from ancient Greek to Islamic philosophers, basic metaphysical problems such as existence-absence, unity, and plurality have been tried to be solved by producing theories in favor of reason. In this study, the positive concepts such as mind and being in the center of Al-Fârâbî and İbn Sînâ and the nature of the identity established between God are discussed. In this context, the reasons for calling reason God and the metaphysical consequences of the existence of God as reason are given. Within the framework of the question of why God's existence is seen as a mind, the views of Aristotle and Plotinos, one of the founding thinkers of the philosophical tradition that Islamic thinkers inherited, were included. While the subject was addressed in the focus of Farabi and Ibn Sîna, firstly, how these two philosophers based on the existence of God both at the ontological and conceptual level was discussed. Later, the meaning of God's presence and reason identity in terms of action is analyzed in the context of emanation and metaphysical results. Finally, the difference between discrete minds, which are mind beings like God and God, has been explained conclusively by comparing them in terms of both being and action.
Description
Keywords
Fârâbî, İbn Sinâ, Akıl varlığı, Akıl, Tanrı, Al-Fârâbî, The presence of mind, Mind, God
Citation
Çağıran, M. A. (2020). Fârâbî ve İbn Sinâ'da akıl varlığı olarak Tanrı. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.