Damla yöntemiyle sulanan salçalık domatesin verim ve kalitesi üzerine hasattan önce sulamanın kesilme zamanının etkisi
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Date
2020-05-15
Authors
Aşık, Mehmetcan
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bursa koşullarında Heinz 1015 çeşidi domates ile gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada, hasattan 4 (S1), 8 (S2), 12 (S3) ve 16 (S4) gün önce sulama suyunun kesilmesinin domates verimi ve kalitesi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Deneme, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Deneme sonucunda, konulara uygulanan mevsimlik sulama suyu miktarı 317- 377 mm arasında değişim göstermiş, en yüksek bitki su tüketimi 512 mm ile S1 konusundan en düşük ise 475 mm ile S4 konusundan belirlenmiştir. En yüksek verim 10817 kg da-1 ile S1 konusunda gerçekleşmiştir. Verim ile sulama suyu arasında y=85,911x-21043 (R2=0.81), verim ile mevsimlik bitki su tüketimi arasında ise y=135,56x-58000 (R2= 0.76) doğrusal regresyon eşitliği bulunmuştur. Domatesin su kullanım etkinliği (WUE) değerleri 13,1-21,6 kg m-3 arasında değişmiş, en yüksek WUE, S2 konusunda, en düşük WUE değeri ise S4 deneme konusunda belirlenmiştir. En yüksek sulama suyu kullanım etkinliği (IWUE) 30,3 kg m-3 ile S2 deneme konusundan, en düşük ise 19,6 kg m-3 ile S4 deneme konusunda belirlenmiştir. Domates meyvelerindeki en yüksek Briks değeri 6,53 ile S4 deneme konusunda ölçülmüş ve hasada yakın sulama yapıldıkça Briks değerlerinin düştüğü saptanmıştır. En yüksek tek meyve ağırlığı değerleri S1 ve S2 konusundan elde edilmiştir (71,71 g- 70,32 g). Meyve rengi parametrelerine ilişkin L değerlerinin 36,93-37,60, a değerlerinin 36,37-38,40, b değerlerinin 25,73-26,90, c değerlerinin 44,33-46,30 ve h değerlerinin ise 33,93-36,00 arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır. Sulamanın hasattan önce kesilme zamanı uzadıkça göreceli olarak meyve eti sertliği de artmış ve en büyük meyve sertliği değerleri 1,13 kg ve 0,99 kg olarak sırasıyla S4 ve S3 konularından elde edilmiştir. Salçalık domatesin sulama suyu miktarına ve hasattan önce kesilme zamanına duyarlı olduğu, son sulama uygulamasının hasattan 8 gün önce kesilmesi durumunda verimde büyük bir azalma olmaksızın kalite parametrelerinde iyileşmeye yol açtığı sonucuna varılmıştı.
In this study carried out with Heinz 1015 variety tomato in Bursa conditions, the effect of cutting the irrigation water applied 4 (S1), 8 (S2), 12 (S3), and 16 (S4) days before the harvest on the tomato yield and quality criteria was investigated. The trial was carried out in 3 replications according to the randomized complete block design. The amount of seasonal irrigation water applied to the experimental treatments varied between 317 - 377 mm, the highest evapotranspiration (ET) was determined from S1 with 512 mm and the lowest ET was determined from S4 with 474 mm. The highest yield was achieved from S1 with 10817 kg da-1. Linear regression equation was found between yield and irrigation water between y = 85,911x-21043 (R2 = 0.81), and between yield and seasonal plant water consumption y = 135,56x-58000 (R2 = 0.76). The water use efficiency (WUE) values of the tomatoes varied between 13.1-21.6 kg m-3, the highest WUE was determined in S2 treatment, and the lowest WUE was determined in S4 treatment. The highest irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) was determined from S2 treatment with 30.3 kg m-3, and the lowest IWUE was 19.6 kg m-3 for S4 treatment. The highest Brix value of tomato fruits was measured at S4 treatment with 6.53, and it was determined that the Brix values decreased when irrigation was done recently to harvest date. The highest single fruit weight values were obtained for S1 and S2 (71,71 g - 70,32 g). As related to fruit color parameters, L, a, b, c and h values were measured between of 36,93-37,60, 36,37-38,40, 25,73-26,90, 44,33-46,30 and 33,93-36.00, respectively. The highest fruit hardness values were obtained as 1.13 kg and 0.99 kg from S4 and S3 treatments, respectively. It is concluded that processing tomato is sensitive to the amount of irrigation water and time of cessation of irrigation before harvest, and if the last irrigation application is cut eight days before harvest, it leads to an improvement in quality parameters without a significant decrease in yield.
In this study carried out with Heinz 1015 variety tomato in Bursa conditions, the effect of cutting the irrigation water applied 4 (S1), 8 (S2), 12 (S3), and 16 (S4) days before the harvest on the tomato yield and quality criteria was investigated. The trial was carried out in 3 replications according to the randomized complete block design. The amount of seasonal irrigation water applied to the experimental treatments varied between 317 - 377 mm, the highest evapotranspiration (ET) was determined from S1 with 512 mm and the lowest ET was determined from S4 with 474 mm. The highest yield was achieved from S1 with 10817 kg da-1. Linear regression equation was found between yield and irrigation water between y = 85,911x-21043 (R2 = 0.81), and between yield and seasonal plant water consumption y = 135,56x-58000 (R2 = 0.76). The water use efficiency (WUE) values of the tomatoes varied between 13.1-21.6 kg m-3, the highest WUE was determined in S2 treatment, and the lowest WUE was determined in S4 treatment. The highest irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) was determined from S2 treatment with 30.3 kg m-3, and the lowest IWUE was 19.6 kg m-3 for S4 treatment. The highest Brix value of tomato fruits was measured at S4 treatment with 6.53, and it was determined that the Brix values decreased when irrigation was done recently to harvest date. The highest single fruit weight values were obtained for S1 and S2 (71,71 g - 70,32 g). As related to fruit color parameters, L, a, b, c and h values were measured between of 36,93-37,60, 36,37-38,40, 25,73-26,90, 44,33-46,30 and 33,93-36.00, respectively. The highest fruit hardness values were obtained as 1.13 kg and 0.99 kg from S4 and S3 treatments, respectively. It is concluded that processing tomato is sensitive to the amount of irrigation water and time of cessation of irrigation before harvest, and if the last irrigation application is cut eight days before harvest, it leads to an improvement in quality parameters without a significant decrease in yield.
Description
Keywords
Bitki su tüketimi, Su kullanım etkinliği, Salçalık domates, Briks, Renk, Sertlik, Crop evapotranspiration, Water use efficiency, Processing tomatoes, Brix, Color, Hardness
Citation
Aşık, M. (2020). Damla yöntemiyle sulanan salçalık domatesin verim ve kalitesi üzerine hasattan önce sulamanın kesilme zamanının etkisi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.