Farklı şanzıman tiplerine göre araçlarda performans ve yakıt tüketiminin karşılaştırılması
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Date
2020-09-18
Authors
Sancak, Seçil
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Otomotiv endüstrisinde taşıt dinamiğini ilgilendiren en önemli güç aktarma organlarından biri şanzımandır. Motorda üretilen gücün tekerleklere kadar ulaşmasını sağlayan güç aktarma organları içerisinde şanzımanlar, taşıt performansında ve yakıt ekonomisinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Taşıt ve şanzıman fonksiyonel sistem olarak alınırsa vites sayısı, her bir vitesin dişli oranı ve bileşke vites oranı değerlendirilip, vites kutusu tasarımının nasıl olacağına karar verilebilir. Tasarımcı taşıtın maksimum hızına, taşıta uygun ivmelenmeye ve taşıta gerekli tırmanma performansına ve işletme koşullarını dikkate alarak karar verir. Tasarım konusunda sınırlandırma getiren diğer etmen şanzımanın güç aktarımındaki verimi ve özellikle yakıt tüketimidir. Bu çalışmada, taşıtlarda güç aktarımı için kullanılan manuel, CVT ve EDC şanzıman tiplerinin araç performansları üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla şanzıman oranları farklı olan A'dan E'ye beş araç belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen araçların hız, ivmelenme, motor gücü, eğim faktörü, tahrik kuvveti, toplam direnç kuvvetleri açısından karşılaştırılmaları yapılmıştır. Aynı motor güç ve momentine sahip olan D ve E araçlarında ayrıca tüketilen yakıt miktarı ve yakıt ekonomisi de değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma neticesinde şanzıman türü CVT olan B aracının diğer araçlara göre 148,7 kW değerindeki motor gücüyle daha güçlü bir motora sahip olmasına rağmen düşük vites oranları nedeniyle tahrik kuvveti ve ivmelenme konusunda diğer araçların gerisinde kaldığı görülmüştür. Araçların hızları karşılaştırıldığında, en yüksek hız değerine 220 km/saat ile B ve D araçlarının ulaştığı belirlenmiştir. Yakıt tüketimi ve yakıt ekonomisi açısından yapılan değerlendirmeler neticesinde teknik özellikler dikkate alındığında manuel şanzımanlı D aracının %4,66 oranında daha fazla yakıt tükettiği, sadece vites oranlarının dikkate alındığında otomatik şanzımanlı E aracının %1,48 oranında daha fazla yakıt tükettiği tespit edilmiştir.
Transmission is one of the most important power transmission organs concerning vehicle dynamics in the automotive industry. Transmissions play an important role in vehicle performance and fuel economy among the power transmission organs that provide the transmission of the power produced in the engine to the wheels. If the vehicle and the transmission are taken as functional systems, the number of gears, the gear ratio of each gear and the resultant gear ratio can be evaluated and it can be decided how the gearbox design will be. The designer decides on the maximum speed of the vehicle, the acceleration appropriate to the vehicle, and the required climbing performance and operating conditions of the vehicle. Another factor limiting the design is the transmission's efficiency in power transmission and especially fuel consumption. In this study, the effect of manual, CVT and EDC transmission types used for power transmission in vehicles on vehicle performance was investigated. For this purpose, five vehicles from A to E with different transmission ratios were determined. The determined vehicles were compared in terms of speed, acceleration, engine power, inclination factor, driving force, and total resistance forces. In D and E vehicles with the same engine power and torque, the amount of fuel consumed and fuel economy were also evaluated. As a result of the study, it was seen that the B vehicle with transmission type CVT has a more powerful engine with an engine power of 148.7 kW compared to other vehicles, but it lags behind other vehicles in terms of driving force and acceleration due to low gear ratios. When the speeds of the vehicles were compared, it was determined that B and D vehicles reached the highest speed value with 220 km / hour. As a result of the evaluations made in terms of fuel consumption and fuel economy, it was determined that the D vehicle with manual transmission consumes 4.66% more fuel when the technical features are taken into consideration, and the automatic transmission vehicle E consumes 1.48% more fuel when only the gear ratios are considered.
Transmission is one of the most important power transmission organs concerning vehicle dynamics in the automotive industry. Transmissions play an important role in vehicle performance and fuel economy among the power transmission organs that provide the transmission of the power produced in the engine to the wheels. If the vehicle and the transmission are taken as functional systems, the number of gears, the gear ratio of each gear and the resultant gear ratio can be evaluated and it can be decided how the gearbox design will be. The designer decides on the maximum speed of the vehicle, the acceleration appropriate to the vehicle, and the required climbing performance and operating conditions of the vehicle. Another factor limiting the design is the transmission's efficiency in power transmission and especially fuel consumption. In this study, the effect of manual, CVT and EDC transmission types used for power transmission in vehicles on vehicle performance was investigated. For this purpose, five vehicles from A to E with different transmission ratios were determined. The determined vehicles were compared in terms of speed, acceleration, engine power, inclination factor, driving force, and total resistance forces. In D and E vehicles with the same engine power and torque, the amount of fuel consumed and fuel economy were also evaluated. As a result of the study, it was seen that the B vehicle with transmission type CVT has a more powerful engine with an engine power of 148.7 kW compared to other vehicles, but it lags behind other vehicles in terms of driving force and acceleration due to low gear ratios. When the speeds of the vehicles were compared, it was determined that B and D vehicles reached the highest speed value with 220 km / hour. As a result of the evaluations made in terms of fuel consumption and fuel economy, it was determined that the D vehicle with manual transmission consumes 4.66% more fuel when the technical features are taken into consideration, and the automatic transmission vehicle E consumes 1.48% more fuel when only the gear ratios are considered.
Description
Keywords
Şanzıman, Manuel, CVT, EDC, Yakıt ekonomisi, Yakıt tüketimi, Transmission, Fuel economy, Fuel, Consumption
Citation
Sancak, S. (2020). Farklı şanzıman tiplerine göre araçlarda performans ve yakıt tüketiminin karşılaştırılması. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimler Enstitüsü.