İbn Teymiyye’nin fıkıh anlayışında toplumsal gerçeklik
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Date
2020-01-14
Authors
Kılıç, Meryem
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Teşekkül sürecinden itibaren hayatın içinde olan ve ondan bağımsız düşünülemeyen İslam hukuku, zamanla ortaya çıkan yeni durumları kendi amaç ve ilkelerine göre değerlendirmiştir. Genel olarak değişim ve dönüşüme açık olan fıkhın “esneklik” özelliği, onun özünü muhafaza ederek yeni durum ve şartlara adapte olabilme kabiliyetini göstermektedir. Zira İslam hukukunun nihai hedefleri, bireysel ve toplumsal ihtiyaçların karşılanmasına bağlıdır. Bu ise fıkhın, sosyal gerçekliği dikkate almasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Biz bu çalışmamızda İslam hukukunun sosyal gerçekliği dikkate aldığını ortaya koymaya çalışırken İbn Teymiyye’nin fıkıh anlayışında ve verdiği fetvalarında bu gerçekliği göz önünde bulundurup bulundurmadığını, toplumsal gerçekliğe dayalı bir fıkhî istidlal yöntemi olan mesâlih-i mürsele (maslahat) prensibinin İbn Teymiyye’nin anlayışında hangi boyutlarda olduğunu ortaya koymaya çalıştık. Bunu yaparkende maslahat esasına dayanarak vermiş olduğu fetvalarında ve toplumsal gerçekliğin önemli göstergelerinden biri olan özel risâlelerinden örnekler sunmaya çalıştık.
Islamic law, which is involved in genius social events in the process of scientific formation and cannot be considered independent of it, has directed the innovations it has faced in line with its own purpose. Because Islam is not open to innovations contrary to its purpose and intention, it is open to innovations in the means to realize them. Its “flexibility” feature requires the immutable core to take different forms according to different environments. Because the goal of Islamic law created by the evil rules can meet individual and social needs. Moreover, in order to realize the aim of Islamic law, which is also a social institution, there should be no disconnection between its rules and social reality. In this study, while trying to show that Islamic law takes social reality into consideration, we tried to reveal whether Ibn Taymiyyah considers this reality in his understanding of fiqh and his fatwas. We tried to address the principle of maslahat which is a social resource in the fatwas of Ibn Taymiyyah. In doing so, we tried to present examples from his fatwas and particular works, which are important indicators of social reality.
Islamic law, which is involved in genius social events in the process of scientific formation and cannot be considered independent of it, has directed the innovations it has faced in line with its own purpose. Because Islam is not open to innovations contrary to its purpose and intention, it is open to innovations in the means to realize them. Its “flexibility” feature requires the immutable core to take different forms according to different environments. Because the goal of Islamic law created by the evil rules can meet individual and social needs. Moreover, in order to realize the aim of Islamic law, which is also a social institution, there should be no disconnection between its rules and social reality. In this study, while trying to show that Islamic law takes social reality into consideration, we tried to reveal whether Ibn Taymiyyah considers this reality in his understanding of fiqh and his fatwas. We tried to address the principle of maslahat which is a social resource in the fatwas of Ibn Taymiyyah. In doing so, we tried to present examples from his fatwas and particular works, which are important indicators of social reality.
Description
Keywords
Sosyal realite, Social reality, Sosyal değişim, Mesâlih-i Mürsele, İbn Teymiyye, Social change, Maslahah Mursalah, Ibn Taymiyyah
Citation
Kılıç, M. (2020). İbn Teymiyye’nin fıkıh anlayışında toplumsal gerçeklik. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.