Tekstil sektöründe ramöz bacasından kaynaklanan kirliliğinin çevresel boyutları ve proses sonucu oluşan atık yağın geri kazanımı
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Date
2018-08-29
Authors
Elitaş, Aslı Cansu
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Tekstil fabrikalarında ramöz prosesi sonucu atık yağlar oluşmaktadır ve buna bağlı olarak koku emisyonu problemi ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında ram makinası kaynaklı atık yağların toprağa olan etkisinin değerlendirilmesi için bir toprak inkübasyon çalışması yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, topraklar seçilen oranlarda (%1 ve %10) ramöz atık yağı ile kirletilmiş ve numuneler 280C'de karanlıkta inkübe edilmiştir. Toprak kalitesinin bir ölçümü olan enzim aktivitelerinin zamana bağlı değişimlerini incelemek için; 0.gün, 20.gün, 40.gün ve 60.gün olmak üzere belirlenen 4 periyotluk dönemlerde toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Bu toprak örneklerinde üreaz ve alkali fosfataz enzim aktivite analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre üreaz aktivitesinin inkübasyon süresi boyunca kontrol toprağına göre daha düşük seviyede olduğu görülmektedir. Bu durum kirlenmenin topraktaki üreaz aktivitesini belirgin şekilde inhibe ettiğini göstermektedir. Diğer yandan topraktaki fosfataz aktivitesinde atık yağa bağlı bir inhibisyon etkisi meydana gelmemiş, atık yağ kısa vadede söz konusu enzimi stimüle etmiştir. Diğer yandan Entegre Kirlilik Önleme ve Kontrolü Direktifine uygun olarak temiz üretim değerlendirme çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. Bu değerlendirmeler sonucu, önerilen en iyi mevcut teknik olarak ramöz bacasına filtre uygulanmasının ardından filtre sisteminin bir haznesinde atık yağlar toplanarak çevre kirliliğinin önüne geçilmektedir. Ayrıca doğalgaz kullanımından yaklaşık % 15 tasarruf edildiği, koku emisyonlarında ise yaklaşık % 90 azalma olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Önerilen en iyi mevcut tekniklerin geri dönüş sürelerinin yaklaşık 3 yıl olduğu belirlenmiştir.
In textile factories, waste oil is produced as a consequence of the ramos process and as a result, odor emission problem arises. In this study a soil incubation study was performed in order to evaluate the effects of waste oil from a textile ram machine. Selected doses of waste oil (1% and 10%) were applied to soil samples and then polluted samples were incubated in dark at 280C. In order to investigate the time depending variations of enzyme activities which are accepted as soil quality indicators, soil samples were collected at the beginning, 20th, 40th and 60th day of incubation period. Urease and alkaline phosphatase activities were determined in these samples. According to the results of the study, urease activity in contaminated soils were all lower than that of control soil throughout the incubation period. This stiuation indicated that urease activity was apparently inhibited by waste oil contamination. No inhibition was occurred for alkaline phosphatase activity, in fact, waste oil appeared to stimulate the activity in short term period. On the other hand, clean production evaluations were carried out in accordance with the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive. Thanks to the electrostatic filters installed on the flue of stenter machine, the particles in polluted air are electically charged with high voltage, collected by a collector and thereafter seperated oily particules are accumulated in a receptacle. In the study, technical and environmental performances, potential benefits and savings were determined. By applying the suggested best available technique now and in the future, approximately 15% of natural gas will be saved and approximately 90% of odor emmissions will be reduced. The return time for the suggested best available techniques was calculated as nearly 3 years.
In textile factories, waste oil is produced as a consequence of the ramos process and as a result, odor emission problem arises. In this study a soil incubation study was performed in order to evaluate the effects of waste oil from a textile ram machine. Selected doses of waste oil (1% and 10%) were applied to soil samples and then polluted samples were incubated in dark at 280C. In order to investigate the time depending variations of enzyme activities which are accepted as soil quality indicators, soil samples were collected at the beginning, 20th, 40th and 60th day of incubation period. Urease and alkaline phosphatase activities were determined in these samples. According to the results of the study, urease activity in contaminated soils were all lower than that of control soil throughout the incubation period. This stiuation indicated that urease activity was apparently inhibited by waste oil contamination. No inhibition was occurred for alkaline phosphatase activity, in fact, waste oil appeared to stimulate the activity in short term period. On the other hand, clean production evaluations were carried out in accordance with the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive. Thanks to the electrostatic filters installed on the flue of stenter machine, the particles in polluted air are electically charged with high voltage, collected by a collector and thereafter seperated oily particules are accumulated in a receptacle. In the study, technical and environmental performances, potential benefits and savings were determined. By applying the suggested best available technique now and in the future, approximately 15% of natural gas will be saved and approximately 90% of odor emmissions will be reduced. The return time for the suggested best available techniques was calculated as nearly 3 years.
Description
Keywords
Ramöz, Atık yağ, Toprak kirliliği, Enzim aktiviteleri, Elektrostatik filtre, Temiz üretim, Stenter, Waste oil, Soil pollution, Enzyme activity, Electrostatic filter, Clean production
Citation
Elitaş, A. C. (2018). Tekstil sektöründe ramöz bacasından kaynaklanan kirliliğinin çevresel boyutları ve proses sonucu oluşan atık yağın geri kazanımı. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.