Gemlik körfezinden avlanan bazı deniz ürünlerinin kas dokusundaki ağır metal kontaminasyonunun indüktif eşleşmiş plazma-optik emisyon spektrometresi (ICP-OES) metoduyla belirlenmesi
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Date
2017-02-10
Authors
Çelik, Umut
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu tez çalışmasında, Ocak-Haziran 2013 tarihleri arasında Gemlik Körfezi'nden avlanan karides, dil, istavrit ve barbun balıklarının kaslarında ağır metal birikiminin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla her tür için aylık 10 adet olmak üzere 6 ay süresince 240 adet deniz ürünü incelenmiştir. Örneklerin analize hazırlanması amacıyla yaş yakma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Hazırlanan örneklerin ağır metal içerikleri, Plazma Kaynaklı Emisyon Spektrometre (ICP-OES) cihazı kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Tüm verilerin ortalaması incelendiğinde Cd, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn, Al, As karideslerde sırasıyla 1,445 mg/kg, 9,673 mg/kg, 40,932 mg/kg, 1,111 mg/kg, 1,482 mg/kg, 17,978 mg/kg ve 1,868 mg/kg; Pb, Fe, Ni ve Hg barbun örneklerinde sırasıyla 0,260 mg/kg, 23,980 mg/kg, 0,220 mg/kg ve 0,260 mg/kg; Cr dil balığı örneklerinde 0,640 mg/kg olmak üzere en yüksek düzeyde tespit edilmiştir. Örnek türlerinin her bir aya ait analiz sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde ise; karideslerde Haziran ayında Cd, Cu, Fe, Zn, Ni, Mn, Mayısta Al ve Martta As için; barbun balıklarında Şubat ayında Pb ve Haziranda Co için; dil balıklarında ise Mart ayında Hg ve Cr için en yüksek değerler alınmıştır. As, Cu, Mg, Zn'nin karideslerde tespit edilen yüksek değerleri ile Cd, Fe, Zn'nin istavritlerde belirlenen düşük değerleri diğer türlere göre istatistiksel olarak farklılık göstermiştir. Dil ve barbun örneklerinde Cr düzeyinin, istavritteki değerlerle karşılaştırıldığında istatistiki olarak anlamlı biçimde daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bu durum göstermiştir ki; demersal türlerden olan barbun ve dil balıkları ile karides örneklerinde ağır metal birikimi istavrit balıklarına göre daha fazladır. Mevcut tez çalışmasında ağır metallerden Cd'nin dil ve barbun balıkları ile karideslerde; Pb'nin barbun ve dil balıklarında ve Hg'nin dil balığı örneklerinde Türk Gıda Kodeksi tarafından belirlenen yasal limitlerin üzerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Determination of heavy metal contamination in muscle tissue of seafood caught in the Gulf of Gemlik by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). In this PhD thesis study it is aimed to determine the accumulation of heavy metals in muscles of shrimp, sole, mackerel and red mullet caught between January-June 2013, in Gulf of Gemlik. For this reason 240 samples of fisheries were studied through 6 months, 10 samples per month for each species. Wet-ashing method was applied to the samples for analysis. The heavy metal content of samples were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) device. When the all data means were analysed, the highest levels in shrimps Cd, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn, Al, As means were determined as 1,445 mg/kg, 9,673 mg/kg, 40,932 mg/kg, 1,111 mg/kg, 1,482 mg/kg, 17,978 mg/kg and 1,868 mg/kg; in red mullet samples Pb, Fe, Ni and Hg 0,260 mg/kg, 23,980 mg/kg, 0,220 mg/kg and 0,260 mg/kg; in sole samples Cr 0,640 mg/kg respectively. When the sample species analysis results were evaluated for each months the highest values were obtained: in shrimps in June for Cd, Cu, Fe, Zn, Ni, Mn, in May Al, and in March As; in red mullets in February for Pb, and in June for Co; in sole in March for Hg and Cr. In shrimps the highest values of As, Cu, Mg, Zn and the lowest values of Cd, Fe, Zn in mackerel showed statistical difference according to the other species. Cr levels of sole and red mullet samples were significantly higher when compared with the values of mackerel. This showed that in red mullet and sole which are demersal species and in shrimp samples heavy metal accumulation were more than analysed in mackerel. In this PhD thesis study it was determined that as an heavy metal Cd in sole, red mullet and shrimps; Pb in red mullet and sole and Hg in sole were above the legal limits which were determined by Turkish Food Codex.
Determination of heavy metal contamination in muscle tissue of seafood caught in the Gulf of Gemlik by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). In this PhD thesis study it is aimed to determine the accumulation of heavy metals in muscles of shrimp, sole, mackerel and red mullet caught between January-June 2013, in Gulf of Gemlik. For this reason 240 samples of fisheries were studied through 6 months, 10 samples per month for each species. Wet-ashing method was applied to the samples for analysis. The heavy metal content of samples were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) device. When the all data means were analysed, the highest levels in shrimps Cd, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn, Al, As means were determined as 1,445 mg/kg, 9,673 mg/kg, 40,932 mg/kg, 1,111 mg/kg, 1,482 mg/kg, 17,978 mg/kg and 1,868 mg/kg; in red mullet samples Pb, Fe, Ni and Hg 0,260 mg/kg, 23,980 mg/kg, 0,220 mg/kg and 0,260 mg/kg; in sole samples Cr 0,640 mg/kg respectively. When the sample species analysis results were evaluated for each months the highest values were obtained: in shrimps in June for Cd, Cu, Fe, Zn, Ni, Mn, in May Al, and in March As; in red mullets in February for Pb, and in June for Co; in sole in March for Hg and Cr. In shrimps the highest values of As, Cu, Mg, Zn and the lowest values of Cd, Fe, Zn in mackerel showed statistical difference according to the other species. Cr levels of sole and red mullet samples were significantly higher when compared with the values of mackerel. This showed that in red mullet and sole which are demersal species and in shrimp samples heavy metal accumulation were more than analysed in mackerel. In this PhD thesis study it was determined that as an heavy metal Cd in sole, red mullet and shrimps; Pb in red mullet and sole and Hg in sole were above the legal limits which were determined by Turkish Food Codex.
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Keywords
Gemlik Körfezi, Ağır metal, Karides, Balık, ICP-OES, Gemlik Gulf, Heavy metal, Shrimp, Fish
Citation
Çelik, U. (2017). Gemlik körfezinden avlanan bazı deniz ürünlerinin kas dokusundaki ağır metal kontaminasyonunun indüktif eşleşmiş plazma-optik emisyon spektrometresi (ICP-OES) metoduyla belirlenmesi. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.