Sulama suyu bor kapsamları ile kırmızı biber bitkisinin verim ve kalite karakteristikleri arasındaki ilişkiler
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Date
2020-02-19
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışma, farklı düzeylerde bor içeren sulama sularının (kontrol, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5, 6.5, 7.5 mg L1 ) kırmızı biberin verim ve bazı kalite özellikleri üzerine etkilerini saptamak amacı ile sera koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Meyve verimleri, artan sulama suyu bor konsantrasyonlarından önemli oranda etkilenmiştir. Verim parametresi olarak değerlendirilen toz biber ve yaş meyve verimleri, sırasıyla bor konsantrasyonlarının1.5 ve 2.5 mg L-1 kadar yükselmesinden etkilenmemiş, ancak bu düzeylerden sonra artan bor miktarları verim parametrelerini önemi ölçüde düşürmüştür. En yüksek bitki boyu (≤2.5 mg L-1 ), bitki yaş (≤1.5 mg L-1 ) ve kuru ağırlığı (≤2.5 mg L-1 ) düşük düzeyde bor içeren sulama suyu ile sulanmış bitkilerden elde edilmiştir. Ortalama meyve ağırlığı, meyve genişliği ve boyu gibi verim bileşenleri üzerinde yapılan incelemeler, bor uygulamalarının bu karakteristikleri önemli derecede etkilediğini göstermiştir. Bu etkiler 2.5 mg L-1 üzerinde bor içeren uygulamalarda olumsuz yönde gelişmiştir. Buna karşın, sulama suyu bor düzeylerindeki artış; meyvede suda çözünür kuru madde içeriği üzerinde etkili olmuş ve sulama suyu bor miktarı yükseldikçe artış kaydedilmiştir. Diğer meyve karakteristiklerinden dış kabuk parlaklığı ve sarı renk tonu ile bor uygulamaları arasında istatistikîyönde önemli ilişki bulunamamıştır. Buna karşın, 4.5 mg L-1 üzerinde artan sulama suyu bor konsantrasyonları kırmızı renk tonunun azalmasına ve daha açık kırmızı meyve kabuk rengi oluşmasına sebep olmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar tümü ile incelendiğinde, biber yetiştiriciliğinde kullanılacak sulama suyu kalitesinin önemli olduğu ve 2.5 mg L-1 ’nin altında bor içeren sulama sularının üretici için önerilebilir uygulama olduğu saptanmıştır.
This study was carried out with the purpose of determining the effects of the irrigation waters containing different levels of boron (control, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5, 6.5, 7.5 mg L-1 ) on the yield and some quality characteristics of spice red pepper under the greenhouse conditions. The fruit yields were significantly affected by the increased boron concentrations in the irrigation water. The powdered pepper yield and fresh fruit yield, considered as the yield parameters, were not affected by the increased boron concentrations up to 1.5 and 2.5 mg L-1 , respectively; however, the increasing irrigation water boron levels above these levels significantly reduced the yield parameters. Among the growth parameters, the highest values for the plant height (≤2.5 mg L1 ), plant fresh (≤1.5 mg L-1 ) and dry weight (≤2.5 mg L-1 ) were obtained from the plants irrigated with the lowboron-content water. The yield components such as the average fruit weight, fruit width and height were also examined and it was found that the boron applications significantly affected these characteristics. The applications containing boron over 2.5 mg L-1 had negative effects on these parameters. The increase in the irrigation water boron levels affected the water soluble dry matter content in the fruit and it increased as the irrigation water boron content increased. There was no statistically significant relationship between the boron applications and other fruit characteristics such as fruit skin brightness and yellow tone. However, the irrigation water boron concentrations above 4.5 mg L-1 resulted in a decrease in the red tone, that is, a lighter red fruit outer shell color. When the results were analyzed as a whole, it was found that the quality of irrigation water was important in pepper cultivation and the irrigation water containing boron concentration below 2.5 mg L-1 was recommended for the producers
This study was carried out with the purpose of determining the effects of the irrigation waters containing different levels of boron (control, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5, 6.5, 7.5 mg L-1 ) on the yield and some quality characteristics of spice red pepper under the greenhouse conditions. The fruit yields were significantly affected by the increased boron concentrations in the irrigation water. The powdered pepper yield and fresh fruit yield, considered as the yield parameters, were not affected by the increased boron concentrations up to 1.5 and 2.5 mg L-1 , respectively; however, the increasing irrigation water boron levels above these levels significantly reduced the yield parameters. Among the growth parameters, the highest values for the plant height (≤2.5 mg L1 ), plant fresh (≤1.5 mg L-1 ) and dry weight (≤2.5 mg L-1 ) were obtained from the plants irrigated with the lowboron-content water. The yield components such as the average fruit weight, fruit width and height were also examined and it was found that the boron applications significantly affected these characteristics. The applications containing boron over 2.5 mg L-1 had negative effects on these parameters. The increase in the irrigation water boron levels affected the water soluble dry matter content in the fruit and it increased as the irrigation water boron content increased. There was no statistically significant relationship between the boron applications and other fruit characteristics such as fruit skin brightness and yellow tone. However, the irrigation water boron concentrations above 4.5 mg L-1 resulted in a decrease in the red tone, that is, a lighter red fruit outer shell color. When the results were analyzed as a whole, it was found that the quality of irrigation water was important in pepper cultivation and the irrigation water containing boron concentration below 2.5 mg L-1 was recommended for the producers
Description
Keywords
Bor toksitesi, Kırmızı biber, Toz biber verimi, Yaş meyve verimi, Boron toxicity, Red pepper, Powder fruit yield, Fresh fruit yield
Citation
Turhan, A. ve Kuşçu, H. (2020). "Sulama suyu bor kapsamları ile kırmızı biber bitkisinin verim ve kalite karakteristikleri arasındaki ilişkiler". Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(1), 201-212..