Balıkesir’de Beylikler dönemi mimari izi Oğul Paşa Türbesi
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Date
2015-03-20
Authors
Uçar, Hatice
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
İslam dünyasında ölen kişinin cesedi bazı dini kitaplarda belirtilen kurallara bağlı kalınarak mezar adı verilen üzeri örtülü çukurda muhafaza edilir. İslam inanışının Arabistan Yarımadası’nın dışına taşması sonunda süreç içerisinde (9.yüzyılın yarısından sonra) İslam Dinini benimseyen Türkler yaşadıkları coğrafi alanlarda çok sayıda Türbe yapısı inşa etmişlerdir. Karahanlı Döneminden itibaren karşılaşabildiğimiz örneklerden bu dönem türbelerinin kare formlu plan şeması üzerine kurulan kübik gövdeli yapılar olduğu bilinmektedir. Büyük Selçuklular Dönemi’nde plan şeması farklılaşan iki katlı türbeler inşa edildiği karşılaştığımız örneklerden bilinmektedir. Kübik gövdeli, silindirik gövdeli ve poligonal gövdeliler olmak üzere üç tipte inşa edilen bu dönem türbelerinin mimari özellikleri Anadolu Selçuklu Türbeleri ile benzerlik gösterirler. Ancak Anadolu Selçuklu Türbeleri bulundukları coğrafi alanlardaki kültürel ve coğrafi farklılıkların etkisinde kalarak biçim malzeme ve süsleme bakımından Büyük Selçuklu Dönemi türbelerinden farklılaşmışlardır. Beylikler Dönemi’nde türbe mimarisinde yeni araştırmalar ve denemeler yapılmış ve devam eden araştırmalar sonunda Osmanlı Dönemi’nde türbe mimarisi önemli bir konuma ulaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada; Balıkesir’in Bigadiç İlçesi’ne bağlı İskeleköy Beldesi’nde bulunan Oğul Paşa Türbesi’nin mimari özellikleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Kare plan şemasına sahip,kübik gövdeli türbe, üstte silindir biçimli bir kasnak üzenine oturan içte kubbe ile, dışta kiremit kaplı külah ile örtülüdür. Yapıda kullanılan malzeme, yapım tekniği ve plan şeması dikkate alınarak ait olduğu dönem tespit edilmiştir. Bu makale, Balıkesir İli, Bigadiç İlçesi, İskeleköy Beldesi’nde yer alan ve halk arasında ‘Oğul Paşa’ adıyla anılan türbenin inşa edildiği dönem ve mimari özellikleri tespit ederek literatüre kazandırmayı hedeflemiştir.
In the moslem world the body of the dead person is kept in a pit that is covered on and named as grave due to the principles stated in some religious books. Resulting with the overflowing from Arabian Peninsula, the moslem belief in the period (after the first part of 9th century) the Turks who accepted the moslem religion, built a lot of Tomb buildings in the geographical regions that they live. From the examples we can see beginning with Karahanlı Period the tombs of this period are known to be cubical bodied buildings that are built on square formed plan schemes. In Büyük Selçuklular period, it is known from the examples we have seen, different plan schemed two storeyed tombs were built. This period’s tombs’, built in three types as cubical bodied, cylindrical bodied and polygonal bodied, architectural characteristics show some similarities with Anatolian Selçuklu Tombs but Anatolian Selçuklu Tombs differ from Büyük Selçuklu period’s tombs in form, materials and decoration affecting from the cultural and geographical differences in the geographical areas that they live. In Beylikler Period new investigations and experiments were made in tomb architecture and at the end of the ongoing investigations the tomb architecture in Ottoman Period reached an important position. In this study, the architectural characteristics of Oğul Paşa Tomb, situated in İskeleköy city connected to Bigadiç town of Balıkesir, are tried to be found. Built on a square plan scheme with cubical body and rising from this body sitting on a cylindrical tambour, an interior dome covered with a tile covered spire on the outside, the building’s period is found by taking into consideration its materials’ building technique and its plan scheme. This article aimed to be gained to the literature by confirming the characteristics and the period the tomb was built, known as “Oğul Paşa” and situated in İskeleköy city, in Bigadiç town of Balıkesir city.
In the moslem world the body of the dead person is kept in a pit that is covered on and named as grave due to the principles stated in some religious books. Resulting with the overflowing from Arabian Peninsula, the moslem belief in the period (after the first part of 9th century) the Turks who accepted the moslem religion, built a lot of Tomb buildings in the geographical regions that they live. From the examples we can see beginning with Karahanlı Period the tombs of this period are known to be cubical bodied buildings that are built on square formed plan schemes. In Büyük Selçuklular period, it is known from the examples we have seen, different plan schemed two storeyed tombs were built. This period’s tombs’, built in three types as cubical bodied, cylindrical bodied and polygonal bodied, architectural characteristics show some similarities with Anatolian Selçuklu Tombs but Anatolian Selçuklu Tombs differ from Büyük Selçuklu period’s tombs in form, materials and decoration affecting from the cultural and geographical differences in the geographical areas that they live. In Beylikler Period new investigations and experiments were made in tomb architecture and at the end of the ongoing investigations the tomb architecture in Ottoman Period reached an important position. In this study, the architectural characteristics of Oğul Paşa Tomb, situated in İskeleköy city connected to Bigadiç town of Balıkesir, are tried to be found. Built on a square plan scheme with cubical body and rising from this body sitting on a cylindrical tambour, an interior dome covered with a tile covered spire on the outside, the building’s period is found by taking into consideration its materials’ building technique and its plan scheme. This article aimed to be gained to the literature by confirming the characteristics and the period the tomb was built, known as “Oğul Paşa” and situated in İskeleköy city, in Bigadiç town of Balıkesir city.
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Keywords
Oğul Paşa, Türbe, Türbe mimarisi, Balıkesir, İskeleköy, Beylikler dönemi, Tomb, Tomb architecture, Beylikler period
Citation
Uçar, H. (2015). "Balıkesir’de Beylikler dönemi mimari izi Oğul Paşa Türbesi". Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(1), 93-101.