Genetik kaynak olarak muhafaza edilen ipekböceği saf hatları ve hibritlerinin üretici koşullarında yaşama gücü, koza, ipek verim ve kalitelerinin incelenmesi
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Date
2019-09-04
Authors
Gündüz, Merve
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Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Araştırma, 40 yıldan uzun süredir yaş koza ve ham ipek üretimi amacıyla kullanılan M, N saf hatları ve M x N hibriti yerine ya da alternatif olarak üretimde kullanılacak, ZF, ZB saf hatları ve ZF x ZB hibritinin üretici koşullarında belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Deneme her bir saf hat ve hibrit için üç tekerrür olacak şekilde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada yumurta özellikleri (ovatürde yumurta sayısı, döllü yumurta sayısı, çıkış gücü), larva ve pupa özellikleri (larva süresi, yaşayan larva oranı, olgun larva ağırlığı, ipekbezi ağırlığı, pupalama oranı), koza ve ipek verimi ile ilgili özellikler (koza ağırlığı, koza kabuk ağırlığı, koza kabuk oranı, kg’da koza miktarı, litrede koza miktarı, koza uzunluğu, koza genişliği, filament uzunluğu, filament ağırlığı, filament kalınlığı) belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada yumurta, larva, koza ve ipek özellikleriyle ilgili heterosis değerleri ve her hat ve hibrit için karakterler arası korelasyonlar belirlenmiştir. Saf hatlar ve hibritler arasında yumurta özellikleri bakımından farklılıklar önemli değildir. Larva ve pupaya ait bütün özellikler için saf hatlar ve hibritler arasındaki farklılıklar önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.01). Ancak hibritler arasında ipekbezi ağırlığı bakımından ZF x ZB hibriti daha üstün performans göstermiştir (P<0.01). Buna ilave olarak ZF x ZB hibriti koza ağırlığı, ipekbezi ağırlığı, olgun larva ağırlığı için M x N hibritine göre pozitif ve önemli heterosis göstermiştir. Yumurta ve direnç özellikleri bakımından saf hatlar ve hibritler arasında pozitif önemli korelasyonlar belirlenmiştir (P<0.01;0.05). M x N hibriti dışında ZF x ZB hibriti ve saf hatlarda larva, koza ve ipek özellikleri arasında önemli pozitif ve negatif korelasyonlar saptanmıştır.
The research has been carried out to determine the pure lines and hybrids that can be used in production instead of M, N pure lines and M x N hybrid used for production for breeding silkworm eggs, fresh cocoons and raw silk for more than 40 years. The main objective was to determine the performance of ZB, ZF pure lines and their hybrid in producer conditions as an alternative to M, N pure lines and their hybrids. The experiment was carried out with three replicates for each pure line and hybrid. In this study, egg characteristics (fecundity, number of fertilized eggs, hatchability), larvae and pupae characteristics (larvae duration, survival rate, mature larvae weight, silk gland weight, pupation rate), cocoon and silk yield characteristics (cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell ratio, cocoon amount in kg, cocoon quantity per liter, cocoon length, cocoon width, filament length, filament weight, denier) were determined. The correlations between characters for each line and hybrid and heterosis was determined in related to egg, larva, cocoon and silk characteristics. No significant differences were found in egg characteristics between pure lines and hybrids whereas all traits of larvae and pupae were significant (P<0.01). In addition, ZF x ZB hybrid showed superior performance in terms of silk gland weight (P<0.01). As regards to larvae and cocoon characteristic, ZF x ZB hybrid was showed positive and significant heterosis for cocoon weight, silk gland weight, mature larval weight in comparison to M x N hybrid. Correlation coefficients of egg, larvae, pupae and silk characteristics were calculated for pure lines and hybrids (P<0.01;0.05). Significant positive and negative correlation coefficients were determined in pure lines and hybrids in terms of egg, larvae, cocoon and silk characteristics in ZF x ZB hybrid and pure lines except M x N hybrid.
The research has been carried out to determine the pure lines and hybrids that can be used in production instead of M, N pure lines and M x N hybrid used for production for breeding silkworm eggs, fresh cocoons and raw silk for more than 40 years. The main objective was to determine the performance of ZB, ZF pure lines and their hybrid in producer conditions as an alternative to M, N pure lines and their hybrids. The experiment was carried out with three replicates for each pure line and hybrid. In this study, egg characteristics (fecundity, number of fertilized eggs, hatchability), larvae and pupae characteristics (larvae duration, survival rate, mature larvae weight, silk gland weight, pupation rate), cocoon and silk yield characteristics (cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell ratio, cocoon amount in kg, cocoon quantity per liter, cocoon length, cocoon width, filament length, filament weight, denier) were determined. The correlations between characters for each line and hybrid and heterosis was determined in related to egg, larva, cocoon and silk characteristics. No significant differences were found in egg characteristics between pure lines and hybrids whereas all traits of larvae and pupae were significant (P<0.01). In addition, ZF x ZB hybrid showed superior performance in terms of silk gland weight (P<0.01). As regards to larvae and cocoon characteristic, ZF x ZB hybrid was showed positive and significant heterosis for cocoon weight, silk gland weight, mature larval weight in comparison to M x N hybrid. Correlation coefficients of egg, larvae, pupae and silk characteristics were calculated for pure lines and hybrids (P<0.01;0.05). Significant positive and negative correlation coefficients were determined in pure lines and hybrids in terms of egg, larvae, cocoon and silk characteristics in ZF x ZB hybrid and pure lines except M x N hybrid.
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Keywords
Saf hat, Pure line, Hybrid, Egg, Larvae, Cocoon, Silk, Yield, Quality, Hibrit, Yumurta, Larva, Koza, İpek, Verim, Kalite
Citation
Gündüz, M. (2019). Genetik kaynak olarak muhafaza edilen ipekböceği saf hatları ve hibritlerinin üretici koşullarında yaşama gücü, koza, ipek verim ve kalitelerinin incelenmesi . Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.