Nöral tüp defektli yenidoğanların kısa dönem sonuçları
Loading...
Date
2018
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Nöral tüp defektleri (NTD) yenidoğanlarda en sık saptanan konjenital anomalilerden biridir. Türkiyedeki görülme sıklığı 3/1000’dir. NTD’lerin etiyolojisi multifaktöriyel olup önemli bir kısmının folik asit desteği ile önlenebilmesi mümkündür. NTD olan hastaların uzun dönem medikal, cerrahi ve bakım desteği ihtiyacı vardır. YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Bu çalışmada retrospektif olarak 2013-2017 yılları arasında Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde yatan NTD’li hastaların özellikleri incelenmiştir. BULGULAR: Toplam 29 NTD’li hasta incelendi. Hastaların 16’sı (%55) erkek, 13’ü (%45) kız idi. Ortalama gestasyon yaşı 37,5±1,97 hafta, ortalama doğum ağırlığı 3050±703,29 gramdı. NTD gelişimi için altı hastada maternal risk faktörü saptandı. . Hastaların hiçbirinde prekonsepsiyonel folik asit kullanımı yoktu. Hastaların tümü antenatal dönemde ultrason ile tanınmış olup 16 hasta 22 gestasyonel haftadan önce tanınıp terminasyon önerilmiştir. NTD’lerin 23’ü meningomyelosel (%79), 1’i meningosel, 3’ü ensefalomyelosel, 1’i ensefalosel, ve 1’i akrani şeklindeydi. Hastaların on birinde bacak hareketlerinde tam kayıp, dokuzunda kısmi kayıp mevcuttu. Tam motor defisiti olanların hepsinde, kısmi motor defisiti olanların ise 4’ünde (%44) lezyon seviyesi L4’den üst seviyelerdeydi. Yedi hastanın meningomyelosel kesesi yırtıktı. Hidrosefalisi olan 19 hastanın 17’sine ventrikülo peritoneal şant, birine lumboperitoneal şant takılması gerekti. Şant takılması 11 hastada meningomyelosel operasyonu ile aynı zamanda yapıldı. TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: NTD’lerin önlenebilir etiyolojik risk faktörlerinin bilinmesi ve çocuk sahibi olmayı düşünen ailelerin bu konuda daha çok bilinçlendirilmesi gerekmektedir.
INTRODUCTION: Neural tube defects (NTD) are one of the most common congenital anomalies of the newborns. The incidence of NTD in Turkey is 3/1000. Various types of NTD appear depending on the part affected by the closure of the neural tube. The etiology of NTD is multifactorial, and a significant portion of them can be prevented by folic acid supplementation. Patients with NTD need long-term medical, surgical and care support. METHODS: In this study, antenatal, natal and postnatal characteristics of NTD patients who were admitted to the NICU between 2013-2017 were examined retrospectively. RESULTS: Twenty-nine NTD patients were included in this study. Sixteen (55%) of the patients were male and 13 (45%) were female. Mean gestational age was 37.5±1.97 weeks, mean birth weight was 3050±703.29 grams. Six patients had the following maternal risk factors for NTD development: diabetes, obesity, smoking, and the use of valproic acid. None of the patients used preconceptional folic acid. Of the NTD, 23 were meningomyelocele, 1 was meningocele, 3 were encephalomyelocele, 1 was encephalocele, and 1 was acrania. NTD was the most common at the lumbosacral region (n=10) and the other regions were lomber (n=8), thoracic (n=5), occipital (n=4) and cervical (n=1). While the complete loss of leg movements was seen in eleven of the patients, partial loss was seen in nine of them. The lesion level was higher than L4 in all of those with complete motor dysfunction and in 4 (44%) with partial motor dysfunction. Meningomyelocele sacs were ruptured in seven patients. Shunt procedures were required in 18 of 19 patients with hydrocephalus. Shunt placement and meningomyelocele operations were performed simultaneously in 11 patients. DISCUSSION and CONCLUSION: The preventable etiologic risk factors of NTDs should be known especially by the parents who are considering having a child.
INTRODUCTION: Neural tube defects (NTD) are one of the most common congenital anomalies of the newborns. The incidence of NTD in Turkey is 3/1000. Various types of NTD appear depending on the part affected by the closure of the neural tube. The etiology of NTD is multifactorial, and a significant portion of them can be prevented by folic acid supplementation. Patients with NTD need long-term medical, surgical and care support. METHODS: In this study, antenatal, natal and postnatal characteristics of NTD patients who were admitted to the NICU between 2013-2017 were examined retrospectively. RESULTS: Twenty-nine NTD patients were included in this study. Sixteen (55%) of the patients were male and 13 (45%) were female. Mean gestational age was 37.5±1.97 weeks, mean birth weight was 3050±703.29 grams. Six patients had the following maternal risk factors for NTD development: diabetes, obesity, smoking, and the use of valproic acid. None of the patients used preconceptional folic acid. Of the NTD, 23 were meningomyelocele, 1 was meningocele, 3 were encephalomyelocele, 1 was encephalocele, and 1 was acrania. NTD was the most common at the lumbosacral region (n=10) and the other regions were lomber (n=8), thoracic (n=5), occipital (n=4) and cervical (n=1). While the complete loss of leg movements was seen in eleven of the patients, partial loss was seen in nine of them. The lesion level was higher than L4 in all of those with complete motor dysfunction and in 4 (44%) with partial motor dysfunction. Meningomyelocele sacs were ruptured in seven patients. Shunt procedures were required in 18 of 19 patients with hydrocephalus. Shunt placement and meningomyelocele operations were performed simultaneously in 11 patients. DISCUSSION and CONCLUSION: The preventable etiologic risk factors of NTDs should be known especially by the parents who are considering having a child.
Description
Keywords
Nöral tüp defektleri, Meningosel, Meningomiyolesel, Yenidoğan, Neural tube defects, Meningomyelocele, Meningocele, Newborn
Citation
Çakır, S. Ç. vd. (2018). "Nöral tüp defektli yenidoğanların kısa dönem sonuçları". Güncel Pediatri, 16(2), 117-126.