Çocukluk çağı mediasten kitlelerine yaklaşım
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Date
2016-02-23
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Çocukluk çağında torakal kitlelerin önemli bir kısmı mediastende görülür. Mediastende farklı dokulardan köken alan kitleleri daha kolay tanımlamak için mediasten üst ve alt; alt mediasten de ön, orta ve arka mediasten olarak farklı bölümlere ayrılır. Mediasten kitleleri malign veya non-malign olabilir. Kitlelerin büyüklüklerine ve bulunduğu yere göre belirtileri değişebilir. Ön mediastendeki kitleler daha çok hava yollarına ve ana damarlara yapabileceği basılar, arka mediastendeki kitleler de olası bir intramedüller uzanım veya sinir köklerine yapabileceği basılar nedeniyle önem taşımaktadır. Kitlenin büyüklüğüne ve basısına bağlı olarak gelişen belirti ve bulgulara göre acil tedavi gerekebilir. Tanı için öykü ve fizik muayene önemli olmakla birlikte görüntüleme yöntemleri ve laboratuvar tetkikleri yardımcı öğelerdir. Kesin tanı için çoğu zaman histopatolojik değerlendirme gereklidir.
A significant portion of the thoracic masses in childhood are seen in the mediasten. For practical identification of tumors that originate from different tissues, the mediasten is divided into two parts as superior and inferior. The inferior part is subdivided into three portions as anterior, middle and posterior. Mediastinal masses may be malignant or non-malignant. The symptoms vary according to the size and location of the mass. Anterior mediastinal masses are important because of the possibility to press the airways and great arteries. On the other hand, posterior mediastinal masses are also important because of the possibility to extend into intramedullary area and press to nerve roots. According to the symptoms and signs that occur depending on the size and pressure of the mass, immediate treatment may be required. While history and physical examination are important for diagnosis, imaging and laboratory tests are also helpful. Histopathological evaluation is often required for definitive diagnosis.
A significant portion of the thoracic masses in childhood are seen in the mediasten. For practical identification of tumors that originate from different tissues, the mediasten is divided into two parts as superior and inferior. The inferior part is subdivided into three portions as anterior, middle and posterior. Mediastinal masses may be malignant or non-malignant. The symptoms vary according to the size and location of the mass. Anterior mediastinal masses are important because of the possibility to press the airways and great arteries. On the other hand, posterior mediastinal masses are also important because of the possibility to extend into intramedullary area and press to nerve roots. According to the symptoms and signs that occur depending on the size and pressure of the mass, immediate treatment may be required. While history and physical examination are important for diagnosis, imaging and laboratory tests are also helpful. Histopathological evaluation is often required for definitive diagnosis.
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Keywords
Çocukluk çağı, Mediasten kitleleri, Mediasten bölümleri, Childhood, Mediastinal mass, Parts of the mediastinum
Citation
Güler, S. vd. (2016). "Çocukluk çağı mediasten kitlelerine yaklaşım". Güncel Pediatri, 14(1), 30-36.