Çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı bebeklerde major mortalite ve morbidite nedeni; patent duktus arteriozus
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Date
2012-03-22
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Giriş: Patent duktus arteriozus (PDA), preterm yenidoğanlarda sıklıkla karşılaşılan, morbidite ve mortalite üzerine olumsuz etkileri olan kardiyak bir patolojidir. PDA’nın açık kalması ile respiratuvar distres sendromu (RDS), uzamış respiratör desteği, pulmoner hemoraji, bronkopulmoner displazi (BPD), nekrotizan enterokolit (NEK), intraventriküler kanama (İVK), renal yetmezlik, nörogelişimsel kusur (serebral palsi), premature retinopatisi (ROP) ve ölüm arasında anlamlı ilişki vardır. Semptomatik PDA’ların kapatılması standart hale gelmiş ve ilk tercih indometazin ve ibuprofen (İBU) gibi siklooksijenaz inhibitorleri olmuştur. Bu çalışmada preterm bebeklerde PDA sıklığı, tedavisi ve komplikasyonlarının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ocak 2010 ile Kasım 2011 tarihleri arasında 33 hafta ve öncesinde doğan, konjenital major anomalisi veya konjenital kalp hastalığı olmayan, ilk hafta içinde ekokardiyografisi (EKO) yapılmış 103 bebek retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. PDA’yla ilişkili pulmoner hemoraji, NEK, BPD, ROP ve ölüm oranları incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışmada 103 bebeğin 45’i erkek ve 58’i kızdı. Yetmiş bebek sezeryan, 33 bebek normal doğumla doğmuştu. Bebeklerin gestasyonel haftası ortalama 29,7±2,2, PDA’sı açık grupta gebelik haftası daha düşük olup 28,8±2,3 hafta idi. Bebeklerin ortalama tartısı 1323±375 g idi. Aynı şekilde APGAR skoru ortalama 7,25±1,83 olup PDA’sı açık grupta anlamlı düşüktü (6,7±1,9). Doğumdan ortalama 4,8±4,4 gün sonra EKO yapıldı ve 103 bebeğin 48 (%46)’inde PDA saptandı. PDA’sı açık olan grupta ortalama doğum tartısı 1162±351 g, PDA’sı kapalı grupta ise 1465±340 g bulundu. PDA’sı açık bebeklerde pulmoner hemoraji, NEK, BPD, ROP ve ölüm oranları PDA’sı kapalı olanlarla karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ölçüde yüksek bulundu (p<0,05). Sonuç: PDA’nın özellikle çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı pretermlerde erken kapatılması hem mortaliteyi, hem de gelişebilecek erken ve geç morbiditeleri azaltacaktır.
Introduction: Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA), a cardiac pathology commonly seen in preterm infants, has negative effects on mortality and morbidity. Persistent patency of PDA is positively correlated with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), prolonged respiratory support, pulmonary hemorrhage, broncopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), intraventricular hemorrhage, renal failure, neurodevelopmental impairment (cerebral palsy), retinopathy of prematurity and death. The standard treatment regimen is to close symptomatic PDA and cyclooxygenase inhibitors such as indomethacin, ibuprofen are the first choises. Our aim in this study is to report PDA rate, treatment and complications in premature infants. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled 103 infants born <33 gestational weeks, without any major congenital anomaly or congenital heart defects between January 2010-November 2011. Echocardiograms was performed in the first week. PDA related pulmonary hemorrhage, NEC, BPD, ROP and death were demonstrated. Results: Among of 103 infants, 45 were male and 58 were female. Seventy infants were born with cesarian section and 33 were born with normal labor. The mean gestational week was 29.7±2.2, the mean gestational week of infants with PDA was 28.8±2.3. The mean birth weight of infants was 1323±375 grams. The mean Apgar score was 7.25±1.83, the scores of infants with patent ductus arteriosus were significantly low (6.7±1.9). Echocardiography was performed on the mean of 4.8±4.4 days, PDA was determined in 48 of 103 infants (%46). The mean of birth weight of infants with persistant PDA was 1162±351 grams, it was 1465±340 g in the closed group. The rate of pulmonary hemorrhage, NEC, BPD, ROP and death was significantly higher in infants with PDA compared with infants having ductal closure (p<0.05). Conclusion: The early closure of PDA in very low birth weight infants will reduce both mortality and early or late morbidities.
Introduction: Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA), a cardiac pathology commonly seen in preterm infants, has negative effects on mortality and morbidity. Persistent patency of PDA is positively correlated with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), prolonged respiratory support, pulmonary hemorrhage, broncopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), intraventricular hemorrhage, renal failure, neurodevelopmental impairment (cerebral palsy), retinopathy of prematurity and death. The standard treatment regimen is to close symptomatic PDA and cyclooxygenase inhibitors such as indomethacin, ibuprofen are the first choises. Our aim in this study is to report PDA rate, treatment and complications in premature infants. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled 103 infants born <33 gestational weeks, without any major congenital anomaly or congenital heart defects between January 2010-November 2011. Echocardiograms was performed in the first week. PDA related pulmonary hemorrhage, NEC, BPD, ROP and death were demonstrated. Results: Among of 103 infants, 45 were male and 58 were female. Seventy infants were born with cesarian section and 33 were born with normal labor. The mean gestational week was 29.7±2.2, the mean gestational week of infants with PDA was 28.8±2.3. The mean birth weight of infants was 1323±375 grams. The mean Apgar score was 7.25±1.83, the scores of infants with patent ductus arteriosus were significantly low (6.7±1.9). Echocardiography was performed on the mean of 4.8±4.4 days, PDA was determined in 48 of 103 infants (%46). The mean of birth weight of infants with persistant PDA was 1162±351 grams, it was 1465±340 g in the closed group. The rate of pulmonary hemorrhage, NEC, BPD, ROP and death was significantly higher in infants with PDA compared with infants having ductal closure (p<0.05). Conclusion: The early closure of PDA in very low birth weight infants will reduce both mortality and early or late morbidities.
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Keywords
Patent duktus arteriozus, Preterm, Ibuprofen, Patent ductus arteriosus, Preterm
Citation
Aygün, F. vd. (2012). "Çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı bebeklerde major mortalite ve morbidite nedeni; patent duktus arteriozus". Güncel Pediatri, 10(1), 8-12.